篇一：高中英语短文改错解题技巧
短 文 改 错 技 巧
“短文改错”题是各类考试中的一个重要题型。尽管该题难度不大，但仍有一些同学在做此类题目时不得要领，因而得分甚少。本文结合高考试题(出处被略去)，对“短文改错”题中的常见错误加以分析，从中找出命题者设置错误的规律并介绍一些解题技巧。
名词方面的错误多指名词单复数形式的误用，可数名词与不可数名词的错误，名词所有格中“’s”的误置等。例如:
1. He had no ideas that the kitchen was not for guests.
2. In summer, the sea under the blue skies is even more beautiful.
3. ... you’ve been settled down in Boston and are getting used to the local ways of life.
4. ... but she marked strictly on student’s actual performance ...
动词错误在短文改错中所占比重最大，它所涉及的错误包括动词的时态、语态错误；易混动词的用法错误；动词的第三人称单数错误；动词的非谓语形式，以及动词的句型搭配错误等。在改错题中，动词方面的考查比例较大。例如:
1. The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon ...
2. I just want to thank you for helping me becoming a different person.
3. How about join us? The camp is at the foot of a small hill.
4. I’ll send my friend Charlie meet you at the airport.
这类错误多指误用形容词修饰形容词，误用副词修饰名词，误用形容词修饰动词，误用形容词或副词的原级、比较级和最高级以及误用带-ly的副词与不带-ly的副词等，特别注意根据上下文该用比较级而未用的“暗中比较”。例如:
1. They came back lately and had some tea.
2.... you always gave me specially attention ...
3. ... they fly down immediate and catch them without delay.
4. Yes，it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from ...
5. I know you are particular interested in Human Rights.
6. Last year, my English teacher proved to be the more popular in our school.
短文改错中出现连词就要判断连词用的是否正确，是否符合句子意思；连接的是词还是句子，是否符合逻辑关系。此外如果是平行结构就要注意前后时态、语态、词性一致问题平行结构常借助与并列连词and, or, but, not only…but also…, …not…but…, either…or…, neither …nor…, as well as等，though不与but连用，because不与so连用等。
1. It started to rise higher again. So it was still too close to the water.
2. I became very active but made new friends.
3. My hometown is a pretty city, so people there are kind and polite.
4. While they find fish come to the surface, they fly down immediately.
5. Both your aunt or I look forward to seeing you again.
这类错误主要包括形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的误用，关系代词、连接代词的误用，代词主格与代词宾格的误用，代词单数与代词复数的误用，各个不定代词之间的误用，反身代词与代词宾格之间的误用，代词的指代错误，定语从句中多用代词等。
1. ... the men threw away most of his clothes to save themselves.
2. a lot of white birds come to my city for food. I can wait patiently above the sea for quite a long ...
3. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child，they will go hungry.
4. That night, we sat down to what they thought would be a pleasant, uninterrupted ...
5. I just smiled to me and thought ...
6.... your life in your country is quite different from me.
7. Everybody sleeps in tents, that is very exciting.
这类错误多指漏掉介词、多用介词或介词与其他词语搭配的错误等。例如:
1. The crowd waiting for to greet them in England was very surprised ...
2. He was looking for a glass the cupboard.
3. After autumn arrives，the city looks as an old man with leaves ...
4. ... he can no longer expect others to pay his food, his clothes ...
5. On the front door stood a five-year-old boy from across the street.
6. Could you share your experience for us?
7. My mother was a career woman and had her own problems to take care.
这类错误多指a(n)与the的误用，a与an的误用。有时也表现为:单数可数名词前面该用冠词的地方缺少冠词，不该用冠词的地方多了冠词。例如:
1. An American and a Frenchman decided to cross the sea between France and England in the
balloon in 1784.
2.... the popular teacher is at same time the one who should be strict with ...
3. And if he breaks the law of society ..., he may go to the prison.
4.... so we will have plenty of spare time to visit the area and have a fun.
这类错误主要为现在时态与过去时态、主动语态与被动语态的误用。做题时，应注意把握文中动词时态的呼应规律，注意把握诸个并列动词的时态、语态的呼应规律。例如:
1. We had guests last night who have not stayed in a B&B hotel before.
2. Today，I got a letter that said I had been admitting to a college.
3. We hung a sign on the front door that was read: “We’re having dinner ...”
4.... sometimes all that is need is someone to rely on.
5. I’ll send my friend Charlie to meet you at the airport when you arrived.
这类错误主要指主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词形式的错误。因此做题时，要注意谓语动词的形式要和句子主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如:
1. “I just want to know what the sign say.”
2. Anyone can borrow books if he or she wish.
3. Here are the information about Manchester University.
4. What may surprise you are that I’m going to ...
主要考查介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配；副词、动词的固定搭配；及物动词后多介词或副词以及不及物动词后少介词，英语中的一些固定句型与习惯搭配等。
1. My teacher advised me to keep my diary. keep a diary是固定搭配，意思是“写日记”.
2. In my surprise, he did very well in his previous job.To one’s surprise 是固定搭配
3. I thought that was dull to watch a game… 此题考查it的功能，It + be + adj. + to do为固定结构。
要想做好“短文改错”题，不妨试试分成“四步走”，遵循“四原则”，实施“四查法”。具
字逐行地进行修改。
后再根据具体语境，仔细分析判断，将注意力集中在较难的句子上。
用法要记住；句子结构多分析，逻辑错误须关注”的口诀行事。
全文，并利用语感来做最后的判断。
纵观近几年的“短文改错”题，正确的地方只有一处；多词和缺词的地方约有3处；用错词的地方一般有6个，且多为动词。这种比例或许也能帮助你做出最后判断。
题要求每行只能改动一处，改动的方法可以是增词、删词或换词，但无论作何种改动，只能是增加一词、减少一词或把一个词改成另一个词。当然，没有错误的行无需改动。也就是说，每行改动之处不能超过一个。
实词的词义，也不能将其改换成另一个实词，更不能随便增删。例如:
① The air keeps the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon ... (把keeps改为keeping) ② Yes, it is clearly that your life in your country is quite different from ... (把clearly改为clear)
3至4处。这些需要添、删的词一般都是虚词(如冠词、介词等)，不是实词(如动词、名词等)，否则会改变句子的原意。例如:
① They did not want breakfast because that they were going out early ... (删去that)
② He was looking for a glass the cupboard. (the前面加in)
应该针对短文中的用词错误、语法错误、逻辑错误加以改正，不应更改作者的原意。做到换词不改意，加词不增意，去词不减意。如有多种改法，应以保持原意为条件，择其佳者而从之。例如：
But I have spent most my money, so I cannot… 改正：在my前加of。也有同学去掉most，这种改法虽改正了语法错误，但改变了原意。作者想说的是“花掉了大部分的钱，而不是全部”。
还要看该名词前面是否缺限定词、该用何种限定词，尤其要查名词前冠词的使用情况。当名词前面有形容词修饰时更要加倍注意。例如: Your knowledges of Greece can help the whole class. (把knowledges改为knowledge)
尤其要根据上下文所提供的时间信息，仔细推敲，从而选用正确的动词时态形式。例如: (2006天津) I gained so much confidence that I go back to school ... (把go改为went)
应在文中使用各种启承转合的连词。这些连词能使文章在结构上和意义上通顺流畅。例如: It started to rise higher again. So it was still too close to the water. (把So改为But)
“理顺”指行文逻辑符合人们普遍认可的道理。例如: (NMET 2006) The air keeping the balloon up was escaping quickly and the balloon was coming up. (把第二个up改为down) 总之，强语言基础知识的学习，多做有针对性的训练。
篇二：2014高考英语短文改错题技巧点拨
2014高考英语短文改错题技巧点拨
By Mr.Fu
短文改错常见错误类型
1. 谓语动词的错误是历年考试的重点和热点常见动词错误类型有
①一般现在时与一般过去时错用；② and 前后动词时态不一致;
③主谓不一致; ④缺少动词,特别是be动词;
⑤第三人称单数形式错用;⑥主动语态和被动语态错用。
1）（did 改为do， 错误类型属于①）
2）
(visiting 改为 visited错误类型属于②)
3）There will an important game next month.(will后加be错误类型属于④)
4）③主谓不一致)
2. 名词的常见错误
单复数名词错用；注意区分名词是可数还是不可数；或根据名词前的修饰语或谓语动词的单复数来判断。 ① I’ll get good marks in all my subject.（subject 改为subjects）
② Their word were a great encouragement to me.（word 改为words）
③ Without enough knowledges, you can never teach well.（knowledges改为knowledge）
3. 连词错误
连词包括关系代词、副词，并列连词and/ or/but等
（一般考查从句关系 who/ whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether ）
① I have a good friend who’s name is Liu Mei. (错用了who的所有格形式，改为whose)
② I teach them, play with them, but watch them growing up.(此处应该是并列的关系而非转折，but改为 and) ③ Clever as she is, but she works very hard.（as意为“尽管”，不能再跟but连用，所以去掉but）
4. 冠词错误
误用a和an（根据单词的第一个音素来判定）；误用a 和the（固定搭配，或泛指、特指；多余的冠词或少冠词） ① We may be one family and live under a same roof. (a 改为the， the same 是固定搭配)
② As everyone knows, it’s ∧famous mountain with all kinds of pants.
（mountain是可数名词需用冠词，所以加 a ）
④ I hope you have∧ pleasant journey.（journey是可数名词需用冠词）
5. 形容词和副词错误
1) 系动词后用形容词（be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性动词 smell /feel）
2) 词性的误用：形容词修饰名词；副词修饰动词、形容词。
① I’m sure we’ll have a wonderfully time together.
（time是名词所以要用形容词wonderful修饰）
② My pronunciation was terribly.（was后用形容词，terribly改为terrible.）
6. 代词错误
1）代词的主格和宾格（I / me; He/him; She/ her; We/ us ;They/ them ）
2）反身代词（myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves）
3）代词的单数和复数
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4）多余的代词和少代词
① Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English. (express oneself, me 改为 myself )
② One day I wrote a little story and showed ∧to my teacher. (加it)
③ If any one of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other would help him out.(other后加s)
④ What’s more , you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care of him.(him改为them)
7. 非谓语动词的常见错误
1）不定式，动名词作主语，宾语。
2）and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），
3）介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语。
4）某些动词后要求接动名词或不定式。
①Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself on paper as I was…. (enjoy 后需接动名词 talk--talking)
② But his parents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(作主语改为 going )
③ Children may not develop the habit of read and the ability to enjoy themselves.(介词后用动名词ving形式作宾语) ④(本文来自：WWw.DXF5.com 东 星 资 源 网:高考英语改错的技巧) I particularly enjoyed driving through the countryside with you and saw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees.(and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），saw改为seeing)
8. 介词错误
1）词组中的介词误用，2）介词意思理解偏差，3）介词的多用或少用
①There are too many people among my family. （among 改为in in my family 为固定搭配）
② I was so tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head touched the pillow. （去掉 at, the moment 引导从句） 短文改错解题思路和检查原则
1）句中各部分的结构是否完整，特别是每个句子要有动词；
2）谓语动词的时态、语态；
3）非谓语动词的用法；
4）名词的单、复数，格的使用是否正确；
5）定冠词和不定冠词是否正确；
6）代词的格和性的使用是否有误；
7）定语从句中关系代词、副词是否准确无误；
8）并列句中的并列连词、主从复合句中的从属连词用的是否得当。
短文改错解题四原则
1）改动以最少为原则 2）虚词以添加或删除为原则 3）实词以改变词形为原则
4）以保持句子原意为原则
短文改错解题步骤
1）通读全文，掌握大意 2）整句分析，逐行推敲3）反复通读，复查验证
解题注意要点和能力培养
①核对错项时，若的确有一时难以改出的地方。可以参考所改动项是否基本符合“181”比例。即多一词1个，缺词1个，错词8个。
②核对改正的语法项目是否有重复。因为短文改错往往覆盖面广，一般不会出现重复考查某个语法点的现象。 ③核对答题符号是否规范，位置是否准确，看看有无遗漏符号，忽略字母大写和拼写等问题。
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篇三：高中英语改错技巧
高中英语改错
是有规律可循的：
名词错误的可能
（1）名词单复数
只有这1种可能，而且到现在的改错，我就记得就1次单复数没考，其他场次必考！
形容词错误的可能
（1）意思颠倒，要改成反义词
这个错错每次改错题目都有，所以看到错的句子有形容词，先上下文看看，有没有意思反了
（2）词性错误
2个形容词在一起，那肯定有一个是修饰另外一个的，所以要改成副词
介词错误的可能性
（1）固定短语的搭配问题，不如key to,answer to, be faced with等
这个错错每次改错题目都有，所以看到错的句子有介词，先看左右，有没有搭配错误、连词错误的可能性
（1）承上启下的错误
有时候，表示递进的，但题目中给出even if，所以要把if去掉；有时表原因的，但题目中是therefore，所以要改成because。。这样的错误也时常出现，但不是每次出现
（2）非限制性宾语从句只能由which引导，题目中很会用that来误倒
代词错误的可能性
（1）代词与先行词不一致
前面说了是单数，后面用了them，所以要改成it。这类的错误也经常发生
动词错误的可能性 （大头！！）
（1）时态错误
明明文章在说过去的事情，但用了个is，所以要改成was
这个错错每次改错题目都有，所以看到错的句子有动词，先看上下，有没有时态问题
（2）主谓不一致
they was doing ?? 这样的错误，找不出么，6级也别考了
（3）非谓语动词提前形式的错误
viewed??，they were doing?? 像这样的情况，viewed就要改成viewing
如果后面是it,前面是ing形式，也要注意的
（4）平行结构错误
前面连着2句都是to做什么，to做什么and do什么，这时候就要在这个do前加to
如果是to doing，就要改成to do
以上这些错误在考试中占6-7分左右，可以一定要抓住，后面的分数就难拿了
另类错误
（1）易混淆的词
比如：His persistence was awarded when the car finally started
中间的awarded是错误的，应该改成rewarded
（2）从上下文来看，应该改动的词
一般发生在名词的身上！！比如前面说美国人吃饭的习惯，后面写了chinese，那就要改成American
（3）固定词组用错一个，造成意思完全改变
比如：It also takes rise to a blurring of the distinction between science and
technology 要把takes 改成 gives
这样的难点错误，解决方法是，能改则改，不能改确定哪个词错，骗2个0。5分
总的评注：做改错题一定要具有一双“慧眼”。重要的不是自己会运用一个语法点或知识点，而是能够识别出错误的用法，以审查的眼光去面对每一个改错题。这就需要掌握必要的答题步骤和技巧。
答题步骤：
1、一般来说，做题时千万不要拿起来就改。先花一、两分钟从头到尾通读全文，对文章大致内容有所了解，做到心中有数。
2、然后把重点放在有错误项的标题号行，寻找较容易辩认的语法错误，如主谓不一致、时态、语态使用错误、非谓语动词错误等等。
3、如果错行中不存在上述明显错误，则应查看是否有词语搭配错误，易混词错误、词性错误等等细节错误。
4、如果错行中既不存在语法错误，也不存在词汇错误，则从整体上查看上下文意思是否连贯，连接词是否使用正确，是否有逻辑混乱的现象，如否定句误用成肯定句造成句意不通等。注意：有时没有错项的行对改错很有帮助。
5、找到错误项之后，按要求形式进行改正、删去或增添，并设法找到一个正确项使句子在语法、语义和逻辑上都成立。