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英语作文的开头和结尾

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篇一:英语作文常见开头结尾结构

三个段落,也有四个段落和两个段落,但并不多见。文章最终的具体模样变化极大,但结构却较为固定。开头和结尾中间的核心部分大多时候是一个段落,也有的时候是两个段落。开头和结尾有可能与中间的核心部分融为一段,但前者的可能并不大,更不存在两者都融合的情形。开头总是引入主题的段落,所以不管是书信还是图表关系都不大(主要只影响第一个段落),只要符合各自的

情形即可。

四、六级写作(主要讲中间核心段落)最常见的有三种情况。第一种情况就是对立观点(包括选择子类)的情况。这种情况主要有(AB——I——C)、(A——B——I)和(AB——AB——I)的写法(其中A和B表示对立的观点,I表示我,C表示结论。具体分析参见贡献写作心得之一),其中每个文章都有开篇句,放在第一段的开头。这里若只有一句话,单独成段就不

大可能。若有两句话或以上,就可单独成段,但这种情形并不多。

第二种情形是事物性质的情形(包括利弊子类)。开头一般单独成段。中间根据要求,有

时利与弊都写,有时只写优点,有时只写问题或弊病。

第三种情形是提出问题——分析原因——提出解决办法的情形。这种情况的混合模板最

多。注意根据具体情况第二段有可能略去,第三段可以非常简略。

上述包含了大部分的情形,但还不完全。让我们在纵向分析以后,来进行一下横向的分

析。

开头:引入主题

中间A:

1)对立观点

2)利弊、优点或问题

3)分析原因(有时是分析必要性)

中间B:

1)自己的看法或做法(想想整体——个体的情形)

2)解决办法(或趋势展望)

结尾:结论

中间核心的部分B是可能没有的,或者用很简洁的话与结尾融在一起。也可能没有A有B,这种可能性很小。这样分析以后,绝大多数文章就包含进来了。但大家注意,这种模式没有覆盖纯粹的记叙文和描写文——这两种文章的记叙和描写的部分是没有模板的,只有

靠大家分别依据时间和空间的线索去发挥了。

在这里我们举几个比较难的例子,先谈谈涉及自己(整体——个体)的情形:

My View on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements

1. 现在有些不良的商业广告

2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性

3. 我对这些广告的态度

这是95年1月六级真题。写成三段。起始段可写成两句话,许多不良广告——危害巨大,注意这两句话可以合并成一句。第二段可以从三方面分析危害,首句要写好——其危害可以总结如下。第三段写态度,因为次段已写了危害,这段应该写解决办法。因为这篇文章

有两个重要模块(即第二、第三段),可以写得干净利索,只分两个方面。建议段内写成四句

话,即总分总的结构,如下:

In my mind, the government and the citizens should join hands to put an end to these false advertisements. On the one hand, the government should punish the advertisers severely lest they harm the customers again. On the other hand, common citizens should report such harmful advertisements as soon as possible. Only by the joint efforts of the government and the common people can we do away wit

h false advertisements.

首句中in my mind这样的词组或句型不可少,扣提纲中的第三点和标题开头。次句和第三句力求平行、工整。最后一句采用only引起倒装句,效果强烈,此段中的呼应(coher

ence)达到极点,最后文章以false advertisements结尾来扣标题中心词。

Positive and Negative Aspects of Sports (1993.1)

1. 体育运动的好处

2. 体育运动可能带来的副作用

英语作文的开头和结尾

3. 我参加体育运动的体会

The Two-Day Weekend (1996.1)

1. 双休日给大学生带来的好处

2. 双休日可能给大学生带来的问题

3. 我应当怎样过好双休日

这两篇文章要特别注意写好第三点,把自己的独到之处写出来。

(一)段首句

1. 关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.

2. 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying______. Its the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.

3. 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……;更为糟糕的是……。

Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.

4. 现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。

Nowadays, it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______.Besides,______.

5. 任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages.

6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,……

People's opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.

7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.

8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。

______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young and heated debates are right on their way.

9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life. It has 的 brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……,但是为什么呢?

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that______while. Obviously, ______, but why?

(二)段落中间句

1. 相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相信……,而且,他们认为……。

On the contrary, there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time, they say____.

2. 但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……。最糟糕的是……。

But I dont think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example,____.Worst of的all,___.

3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,……。而且……,最重要的是……

______is necessary and important to our countrys development and construction.的First,______.Whats more, _____.Most important of all,______.

篇二:英语作文必备—开头结尾大全(保证高分)

结尾万能公式一:如此结论

说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.

如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了!

更多过渡短语:

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus

更多句型:

Thus, it can be concluded that?, Therefore, we can find that?

2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议

如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢?

更多句型:

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.写作的“七项基本原则”:

一、 长短句原则

工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!

强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。

二、 主题句原则

国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事!

特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly.

三、 一二三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点? 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。

1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)

2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗)

3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)

4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)

5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐)

6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐)

7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐)

8)most important of all, moreover, finally

9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况)

10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

四、短语优先原则

写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,看不到一个自己不认识的短语,必然会看你低一等。

相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、关键时刻思维短路,只有凑字数,怎么办?用短语是一个办法!比如:

I cannot bear it.

可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.

I want it.

可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.

这样字数明显增加,表达也更准确。

五、多实少虚原则

原因很简单,写文章还是应该写一些实际的东西,不要空话连篇。这就要求一定要多用实词,少用虚词。我这里所说的虚词就是指那些比较大的词。比如我们说一个很好的时候,不应该之说nice这样空洞的词,应该使用一些诸如generous, humorous, interesting, smart, gentle, warm-hearted, hospital 之类的形象词。再比如:

走出房间,general的词是:walk out of the room

但是小偷走出房间应该说:slip out of the room

小姐走出房间应该说:sail out of the room

小孩走出房间应该说:dance out of the room

老人走出房间应该说:stagger out of the room

所以多用实词,少用虚词,文章将会大放异彩!

六、多变句式原则

1)加法(串联)

都希望写下很长的句子,像个老外似的,可就是怕写错,怎么办,最保险的写长句的方法就是这些,可以在任何句子之间加and, 但最好是前后的句子又先后关系或者并列关系。比如说:

I enjor music and he is fond of playing guitar.

如果是二者并列的,我们可以用一个超级句式:

Not only the fur coat is soft, but it is also warm.

其它的短语可以用:

besides, furthermore, likewise, moreover

2)转折(拐弯抹角)

批评某人缺点的时候,我们总习惯先拐弯抹角说说他的优点,然后转入正题,再说缺点,这种方式虽然阴险了点,可毕竟还比较容易让人接受。所以呢,我们说话的时候,只要在要点之前先来点废话,注意二者之间用个专这次就够了。

The car was quite old, yet it was in excellent condition.

The coat was thin, but it was warm.

更多的短语:

despite that, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, notwithstanding

3)因果(so, so, so)

篇三:英文作文开头结尾万能句

关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……

There are different opinions among people as to ____ .Some people suggest that ____.

2. 俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。

There is an old saying______. It"s the experience of our forefathers,however,it is correct in many cases even today.

3. 现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。

Today, ____, which have brought a lot of harms in our daily life. First, ____ Second,____. What makes things worse is that______.

4. 现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。

Nowadays,it is common to ______. Many people like ______ because ______. Besides,______.

5. 任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。

Everything has two sides and ______ is not an exception,it has both advantages and disadvantages.

6. 关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,……

People’s opinions about ______ vary from person to person. Some people say that ______.To them,_____.

7. 人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。

Man is now facing a big problem ______ which is becoming more and more serious.

8. ……已成为人的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。

______ has become a hot topic among people,especially among the young

and heated debates are right on their way.

9. ……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。

______ has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.it has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

10. 根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……,但是为什么呢?

According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the /chart/bar graph/line/graph,it can be seen that______ while. Obviously,______,but why?

(二)中间段落句

1. 相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相信……,而且,他们认为……。

On the contrary,there are some people in favor of ___.At the same time,they say____.

2. 但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……。最糟糕的是……。

But I don"t think it is a very good way to solve ____.For example,____.Worst of all,___.

3. ……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,……。而且……,最重要的是……

______is necessary and important to our country"s development and construction. First,______.What"s more, _____.Most important of all,______.

4. 有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先,我们可以……。

There are several measures for us to adopt. First, we can______

5. 面临……,我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……,另一方面,

Confronted with______,we should take a series of effective measures to______. For one thing,______For another,______

6. 早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……,另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。

It is high time that something was done about it. For example. _____.In addition. _____.All these measures will certainly______.

7. 为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说,……的主要原因是由于……

Why______? The first reason is that ______.The second reason is

______.The third is ______.For all this, the main cause of ______due to ______.

8. 然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,……也有它的不利的一面,象……。

However, just like everything has both its good and bad sides, ______also has its own disadvantages, such as ______.

9. 尽管如此,我相信……更有利。

Nonetheless, I believe that ______is more advantageous.

10. 完全同意……这种观点(陈述),主要理由如下:

I fully agree with the statement that ______ because______.

(三)结尾句

1. 至于我,在某种程度上我同意后面的观点,我认为……

As far as I am concerned, I agree with the latter opinion to some extent. I think that ____.

2. 总而言之,整个社会应该密切关注……这个问题。只有这样,我们才能在将来……。

In a word, the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of ______.Only in this way can ______in the future.

3. 但是,……和……都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如,……,而……。然而,把这两者相比较,我更倾向于(喜欢)……

But ______and ______have their own advantages. For example, _____, while_____. Comparing this with that, however, I prefer to______.

4. 就我个人而言,我相信……,因此,我坚信美好的未来正等着我们。因为……

Personally, I believe that_____. Consequently, I’m confident that a bright future is awaiting us because______.

5. 随着社会的发展,……。因此,迫切需要……。如果每个人都愿为社会贡献自已的一份力量,这个社会将要变得越来越好。

With the development of society, ______.So it"s urgent and necessary to ____.If every member is willing to contribute himself to the society, it will be better and better.

6. 至于我(对我来说,就我而言),我认为……更合理。只有这样,我们才能……

For my part, I think it reasonable to_____. Only in this way can you _____.

7. 对我来说,我认为有必要……。原因如下:第一,……; 第二,……;最后……但同样重要的是……

In my opinion, I think it necessary to____. The reasons are as follows. First _____.Second ______. Last but not least,______.

8. 在总体上很难说……是好还是坏,因为它在很大程度上取决于……的形势。然而,就我个人而言,我发现……。

It is difficult to say whether _____is good or not in general as it depends very much on the situation of______. However, from a personal point of view find______.

9. 综上所述,我们可以清楚地得出结论……

From what has been discussed above, we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that____.

10. 如果我们不采取有效的方法,就可能控制不了这种趋势,就会出现一些意想不到的不良后果,所以,我们应该做的是……

If we can not take useful means, we may not control this trend, and some undesirable result may come out unexpectedly, so what we should do is_____.

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