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幽默寓言故事英文

时间:2017-04-16 来源:东星资源网 本文已影响 手机版

篇一:初中英语幽默小故事

初中英语幽默小故事:

奖赏

A lady lost her handbag. It was found byan honest little boy and returned to her.

Looking in her purse, she commented,"Hmmm... That's funny. When I lost my bag there was a $20 bill in it. Now there are twenty $1 bills."

The boy quickly replied, "That's right,lady. The last time I found a lady's purse, shedidn't have any change for a reward."

The Bad Check

One day a middle-aged woman telephoned her doctor.

“Doctor,”she said,“I'm having a lot of trouble with my shoulder. It hurts all the time and I can't sleep at night.”“Come in this afternoon.”said the doctor,“and I'll have a look at it.”

That afternoon the woman went to the doctor's(原文来自:wWW.DxF5.com 东 星资源网:幽默寓言故事英文) office. He gave her a very thorough examination, asked a lot of questions, and listened carefully to her answers.

“Well, my dear,”he said,“It looks like you have arthritis.”

“Arthritis?”she said.“Oh, no! What am I going to do?”

“Don't worry,”he answered,“I'll give you a prescription and the pain will go away.”Then the doctor took out his pen, wrote a prescription, and handed her his bill for fifty dollars. The woman opened her pocketbook, wrote out a fifty-dollar check, said goodbye, and left.

The doctor mailed the check to his bank, but a week later he was surprised to find that the check was returned to him, marked“Insufficient Funds”.Hetelephoned the woman immediately.

“I'm very sorry to have to tell you this.”he began,“but your check came back this week.”

“Oh, really?”said the woman,“That's quite a coincidence.”

“What do you mean?”asked the doctor.

“Well,”said the woman,“so did my arthritis.”

You're Right

Once Mr Hey went to a small town with high mountains all around it. It was a quiet and cool place and some rich people liked to go there for their holidays. A week later, before Mr Hey left the town, he paid thirty pounds for a parrot. When he came back, he began to teach the bird to speak. He tried his best, but it learned only one sentence,“You're right.”He was disappointed and said to the bird angrily,“How foolish you are!”

“You're right,”said the parrot.

The next day Mr Hey took the bird to the market and wanted to sell it for eighty pounds. Before long a fat man came and looked at the parrot carefully. Then he asked,“How much is it, sir?”

Mr Hey didn't hurry to answer and said,“It's a clever bird, you know. It can speak and sing.”Then he said to the bird,“Are you really worth eighty pounds, my dear?

“You're right,”said the parrot.

The fat man liked it at once and bought it. When he took it home he asked it a lot of questions, but it could only say,“You are right.”

He felt very sorry for it and said to himself angrily,“Why did I spend eighty pounds on such a foolish bird? What a fool I am!

“You're right, answered the parrot.

Hearing this, the man couldn't help laughing and set it free.

伊索寓言——牧童和狼

A Shepherd-boy, who tended his flock not far from a village, used to amuse himself at times in crying out"wolf !wolf!"Twice or thrice his trick succeeded .The whole village came running out to his assistance when all the return they got was to be laughed at for their pains .At last one day the wolf came indeed .The boy cried out in earnest. But his neighbors, supposing him to be at his old sport, paid no heed to his cries, and the wolf devoured the sheep. So the boy learned, when it was too late, that liars are not believed even when they tell the truth.

译文:

一个放羊的孩子在离村子不远的地方放羊。他为了开心寻乐常喊:"狼来了!狼来了!"他的恶作剧有两三次达到了目的。全村的人都跑来帮忙,而他们所得到的回报却是一顿嘲笑,白费了心力。最后,有一天狼真的来了。这个孩子认真地大喊起来。但是他的邻人们却以为他又在耍把戏,谁都不理会他的喊叫,于是狼把羊吃了。因此这牧童得到了教训:爱说谎的人,甚至在他说真话的时候,也没人相信他,但是他知道得太晚了。

词汇:

Shepherd-boy 牧羊童

trick 诡计

at his old sport 耍他的老把戏

篇二:100则英语小故事

儿童英语故事、小学生英语故事

寓言、成语故事(1-19页)幽默故事(19-25页)普通小故事(25-72页) 通过阅读英语笑话、故事等趣味英语,可以激发小朋友们学英语的兴趣,提高单词量,帮助他们提高成绩。最好每天背一篇,会有不错的效果的 O(∩_∩)O

儿童寓言故事

Story 1 Three Good Friends

One day, a monkey rides his bike near the river. This time he sees a lion under a tree. The lion runs at him. He is afraid and falls into the river. He can’t swim. He shouts. The rabbit hears him. He jumps into the river. The rabbit swims to the monkey, but he can’t help him. Luckily, an elephant comes along. He is very strong. He helps the rabbit and monkey. Three friends are very happy. They go to the elephant’s home. Then, three of them become good friends.

故事一三个好朋友

一天,一只猴子在河边骑车。这时他看见树下有一只狮子,狮子向他跑来。他非常的害怕,掉进河里。他不会游泳,大叫起来。兔子听见了,跳进水里,但他却没有办法救猴子。幸运的是,一只大象过来了。大象非常强壮,救出了兔子和猴子。他们来到大象的家,在那里吃了一顿大餐。从此他们成了好朋友。

Story 2A Good Boy

Little Robert asked his mother for two cents. "What did you do with the money I gave you yesterday?"

"I gave it to a poor old woman," he answered.

"You're a good boy," said the mother proudly. "Here are two cents more. But why are you so interested in the old woman?"

"She is the one who sells the candy."

故事二 好孩子

小罗伯特向妈妈要两分钱。

“昨天给你的钱干什么了?”

“我给了一个可怜的老太婆,”他回答说。 “你真是个好孩子,”妈妈骄傲地说。“再给你两分钱。可你为什么对那位老太太那么感兴趣呢?”

“她是个卖糖果的。”

Story 3 Spring in the Green Season

Spring is coming. Spring is the first season of the year. In China, spring comes in February. It is still cold, but it is getting warmer and warmer. The days get longer and longer. The leaves on the trees begin to turn green. Then they come up green leaves in the spring wind on the ground. Spring is also sowing time season.

故事三

春天来了,春天是每年的第一个季节。在中国,春天二月来临,那时候还是很冷,但是会运来月暖和,白昼悦来越长。树上的叶子开始变绿,沐浴着大地春风长出了嫩芽。春天也播种的季节。

Story 4 Look for a Friend

Sam is a little fish. He lives in the sea. He is very lonely. He wants to have a friend. The friend looks like him. Sam sees an ink fish. The ink fish has eight legs. He doesn’t look like Sam. So Sam goes away. Sam meets a shark. He wants to say hello to the shark. The shark opens his big mouth. Sam runs away quickly. Sam is tired and hungry. He wants to have a rest. Then he sees a round fish. She says to him. “Hello! Would you like to be my friend?” Sam answers: “Of course! But you are round. I am flat.” The round fish days: “But we are both fishes.”

Sam thinks and says, “You are right. Let’s be friends.” They become good friends. 故事四: 找朋友

塞姆是一条小鱼,他在海里。他生在海里。他很孤独,想要找一个朋友,那个朋友看起来要想他。 塞姆看见一条墨鱼。墨鱼有8条腿,看上去不像塞姆。因此塞姆游走了。塞姆遇见一条鲨鱼。他想跟鲨鱼问好。鲨鱼张开大嘴,塞姆有迅速地逃走了。

塞姆又累又饿,他要休息一会儿。这时他看见一条圆鱼,圆鱼对他说:“你好!你愿意做我的朋友吗?”

塞姆回答:“好哇!可你是圆形的,我是扁的。”圆鱼说:“但是我们俩都是鱼啊!”

塞姆思考后说:“你讲得对,让我们做朋友吧。”他们就成为好朋友了。

Story 5 The Hippo and I

A hippo lives in the zoo. I like him very much. I often go to see him. He often thinks of me, too. Today is Sunday. It is fine day. I go to see him again. After I leave the zoo, he follows me to my house. I give him lettuce, cabbages, bananas, apples and other food. He eats them up. When I sing songs, he stays in the pool. He is as quite as a rabbit.In the evening, he jumps onto my bed with me. My mum tells him to go home. He has to pack his bag and go back to the zoo. My mum lets me see him every week.

故事5 我与河马

河马住在动物园里,我很喜欢他。他经常去看它,他也经常想我。

今天是星期日,是个好天气,我又一次去看望它。在我离开动物园之后,他跟随到我的家。我给他莴苣、生菜、香蕉、苹果和其他食物。他都吃了。 当我唱歌是,它待在水池里,像兔子一样安静。

晚上,他跳到床上同我睡觉在一起睡。

妈妈要它回家。它不得不背起包回到动物园。妈妈允许我每周去看它。

Story 6 What Animals are the sea?

There are all kinds of animals in the sea. Look!

They are coming.

This is an octopus. The octopus is spraying ink.

This is a shark. The shark has sharp teeth.

This is a whale. The whale shoots water into the air.

This is a sea turtle. The sea turtle has a hard shell.

These are starfishes. The starfishes have five legs.

These are angelfishes. The angelfishes have beautiful colors.

This is a lobster. The lobster has strong claws.

This is a jellyfish. The jellyfish has a soft body.

They are different. But all of them live in the sea.

故事6海里有什么动物

在海洋里有各种各样的动物。

看!他们过来了。

这时一条章鱼,章鱼在喷墨。

这是一条鲨鱼,鲨鱼有锐利的牙齿。

这是一只鲸鱼,鲸把水喷射到空中。

这时一直海龟,海龟有坚硬的壳。

这些是海星,海星有五条腿。

这些是扁蛟鱼,扁姣鱼有美丽的花纹。

这是一只龙虾,龙虾有强壮的爪子。

这是一个水母,水母有一个柔软的身体。

他们各不相同,但他们都居住在海洋里。

Story 7 naughty Monkey

It’s very hot.. An old man is asleep on the chair. A fly comes and sits on the end of the man’s nose.

The old man has a naughty monkey. He chases the fly.

The fly comes back again and sits on the old man’s nose again. The monkey chases it away again and again.

This happens five or six times. The monkey is very angry. He jumps up, runs to the garden and picks up a large stone.

When the fly sits on the old man’s nose again, the monkey hits it hard with the stone.

He kills the fly and breaks the old man’s nose.

故事7 调皮的猴子

天气很热。一位老人在椅子上睡着了。

一只苍蝇飞来落在老人的鼻子上。

老人有一只顽皮的猴子。猴子在追打苍蝇。

苍蝇再次飞落在老人的鼻子上,猴子一再追打苍蝇。

这样往返了五六次,猴子很生气。

他跳着跑到花园,捡起一块大石头。

当苍蝇再次落在老人的鼻子上时,猴子用石头击中老人的鼻子上的苍蝇。他砸死了苍蝇也打破了老人的鼻子。

Story 8 A Beautiful Doll

Tina is a lovely girl. She has a lot of dolls. One of these dolls is very beautiful. She has long blond hair and wears a white dress. The little girl likes her very much. She called her “Sandy”. You would forget all the sad things and become happy when you see her.

Tina tried to teach Sandy to speak, but she failed. When she is free, Tina always made clothed for her. When she is unhappy or met with some difficulties, Tina talked to her, because they are close friends. What a lovely girl she is!

Do you like it, too?

故事8 漂亮的洋娃娃

缇娜是一个可爱的女孩, 她有许多洋娃娃。其中有个是很没得:她有着金色的长发,穿着一件白色的连衣裙。小女孩非常喜欢它,因此, 小女孩叫她“桑迪”。当你看到它的时候就会高兴,会忘记所有不开心的事。

缇娜试着教桑迪说话,可她失败了。 当缇娜空闲时,她时常会桑迪缝衣服。当她遇到不快乐的事或碰倒困难的时候,缇娜中哦你对它倾述,因为他们是亲密的朋友。多么可爱的一个女孩啊!

你也喜欢它吗?

Story 9It’s Good to Walk

A group of penguins at a zoo in Japan take a walk to lose weight. Every day, 15 king penguins there walk 500 meters twice. “Just like human, penguins don’t exercise much during winter. They become fat easily,” says a zookeeper.

故事9 散步有益

在日本的一个动物园里一群企鹅在散步减肥。哪里的15只金企鹅媒体散步两次,每次500米。 动物园工作人员说:“和人类一样,企鹅冬天不怎么运动,容易发胖。”

Story 10 The Panda in China

A panda looks like a little bear. It has black and white fur. It lives only in China, so it is called the national treasure of China and protected by the law.

篇三:寓言故事与英文作文

寓言故事與英文作文

摘要

寓言故事因其篇幅短小、語言簡約,同時兼具故事性及道德教訓,可以拿來作為高中生英文摘要及讀後感寫作的最佳練習教材。本文首先介紹寓言故事發展的歷史沿革,並舉希臘伊索、法國拉豐丹、德國雷辛、俄國克雷洛夫、托爾斯泰及美國索伯等寓言故事家的作品為例,說明各寓言的不同精神。第二部分探討摘要及讀後感寫作的基本原則與步驟,並舉學生作品為例,驗證其可行性。結語部分兼論中學英語作文教學的三個迷思。希望透過這個寓言教材的分析與討論,以提高中學英語文寫作的教學成效。

關鍵字:寓言故事;摘要;讀後感。

壹、前言

今年(2000年)大學入學考試中心首度推出「英文寫作能力」測驗,作為將來英語能力檢測及升大學的參考依據。雖屬試辦性質,但也引起各高中師生、家長、及關心英語教學發展的各界人士的高度重視。英文寫作能力的測驗,以往都附在其他能力的綜合測驗當中,只占部分的比例,未能完全測出學生對英語文運用的真正能力。現在獨立出來自成一科,也相對顯示出寫作能力作為英語能力指標的重要性。

今年的題目分兩部份四類題型。第一部份:句子合併、片語造句、簡答題各五句。配分60分,36分為及格。第二部份:作文。配分40分,20分為及格。作文題目取自伊索(Aesop)的寓言故事,<The Country Mouse and the Town Mouse>(附錄1)。答題要求考生閱讀該寓言後,寫出自己的感想。答題須分兩段作答:第一段包含寓言的摘要及寓言的寓意;第二段則寫出讀完該寓言後的感想或心得。

作文測驗的題型不斷在改變,傳統的方式只出一句話作為題目,要學生依此寫一篇文章。這樣的題型現在已經逐漸被引導式的題目所取代。引導式的題目一般都

以學生的生活經驗為題材。這回以寓言故事來命題,卻是頭一遭。寓言故事因為它的文章結構(form)簡明,但是內容(content)意涵豐富,非常適合拿來當作中學生的作文練習材料。尤其是寓言故事可以傳達人類共同的生活經驗,學生們除了語文的練習外,還可以透過不同的文化接觸,拓展閱讀的深度與廣度,開啟生命的智慧。

這篇短文分兩部分:第一、簡介寓言故事的性質特徵、歷史發展、及其精神。第

二、針對寓言故事的閱讀與寫作,探討故事摘要的寫作原則與步驟,以及讀後感想的寫作模式。結論部份兼論中學裡的閱讀訓練及寫作時常存有的幾個迷思。

貳、寓言故事

寓言故事是一種古老的文學表現形式。一般而言,它的篇幅不大,文字簡明,結構單純。寓言故事以擬人或比喻手法,間接影射或嘲諷世情,以傳達生活智慧的目的。寓言故事作為一種民間文學,源遠流長,歷久彌新,是一種雅俗共賞的文學體裁。所謂「寓」,即是寄托轉喻。也就是說,寓言故事在語言文字的表面陳述底下,另有一深層的生活哲學寄寓。因此這表面的敘述與底層的寄寓就構成了寓言故事的兩大要件。十七世紀法國著名的寓言詩人拉豐丹(La Fontaine)就有一個很貼切的說法:「一個寓言故事可分為身體與靈魂兩部份。所述的故事好比是身體,所給予人的教訓好比是靈魂」(qtd. in 馮凡 1)。

寓言故事盛行於古老的東方文明古國。最早的寓言寫作可以追溯到西元兩千年前的古印度。佛祖釋迦牟尼的《百喻經》首開宗教寓言先河,扮演了開啟智慧的法門,成為佛教傳播的利器。中國在春秋戰國先秦時代,也是寓言故事高手輩出的時代。道家的《莊子》、儒家的《孟子》、還有《列子》、《韓非子》、《呂氏春秋》等都含有許多精彩的寓言故事。在這個多元思想蓬勃發展的時代,諸子百家,紛紛採用寓言故事,借其語言生動、說服力強的特性,來傳播一己思想。國人熟悉的「杯弓蛇影」、「愚公移山」、「掩耳盜鈴」、「畫蛇添足」、「自相矛盾」、「守株待兔」、「庖丁解牛」、「狐假虎威」、「黔驢技窮」都是這一時期的精彩作品 。

寓言故事多大都由不同文化的民俗或民間傳說轉化而成。西方的寓言故事源自古西臘,其最著名的寓言故事當屬《伊索寓言》(Aesop?s Fables)。所謂《伊索寓言》,並不是伊索一個人的創作。早在伊索之前,就有許多的寓言故事流傳在世。西元前六世紀,希臘奴隸伊索,因善說寓言故事,獲得賞識,允為自由人。伊索雲遊帝國諸多城邦領地,收集不少各地精采的寓言故事。伊索因自己出身奴隸,再加上走訪各地,第一手接觸市井小民生活,最能了解強權當道下,

社會不公,正義不顯,以及惡政壓榨之下的民間疾苦,因此他的寓言故事常借動物來批判時政與嘲諷人性。伊索死後,後人將這些以詩篇傳頌的故事,加以編撰添補,並以散文的型式將之記載下來並將它稱之為《伊索寓言》。這些故事陸續被翻譯成拉丁文,隨後又被翻譯成各種不同的語言,早已成為世界文化的共同資產。清末林紓翻譯《伊索寓言》,將西洋的寓言故事介紹到中國。現今我們在台灣的學生對《伊索寓言》中的許多動物故事,例如<龜兔賽跑>、<狼與牧羊人>、<旅人與熊>、<狼來了>、<擠牛奶的女孩>、<守財奴>、<北風與太陽>、<狐狸和葡萄>、<狐狸和烏鴉>、<驢子和主人>等等,早已耳熟能詳。 伊索的寓言故事有一特定的寫作模式:他故事中的主角大抵以動物為主,所選用的動物依據其各自的特性來形塑故事與教訓。例如狡猾的狐狸、貪婪的狼、惡毒的蛇、笨拙的驢子。他的寓言將動物「擬人化」(personification),並穿插士農工商各種不同階層的人物,透過這些人與動物間,或動物與動物間的的對話行動來表達特定的道德教訓。這樣的風格對後世對寓言創作,影響深遠。伊索之後,西方陸續出了不少重要的寓言作家。其中又以法國的拉豐丹(La Fontaine)、德國的雷辛(Lessing)、俄國的克雷洛夫(Ivan Andreevich Krilof)等三人最為著名。

十七世紀法國作家拉豐丹仿伊索的寓言寫作模式,創作了許多充滿醒世與嘲諷的作品。例如,國人熟悉的<鐵匠與富翁> (?The Cobbler and the Banker”)的故事(Spector 355-356)。快樂的鐵匠每天早上在騎樓下,一面工作,一面歌唱,賺的錢不多,但是心情愉快,因為自由歌唱,所以從不覺得修補皮鞋是一件辛苦的工作。一位富翁住在樓上,每天一早就被這位鐵匠的歌聲吵醒。這位富翁便告訴鐵匠,說「我給你十萬元,但是以後你工作的時候不能再唱歌」。鐵匠想到不費力,便可得到十萬元,不加思索,便一口答應。此後,鐵匠只能閉著嘴工作,修補鞋子變成一件沉悶的負擔,心情鬱卒,每天都悶悶不樂。後來幾經思量,決定退回金錢,取回自己的快樂。這個故事告訴我們快樂無價,金錢不能換取快樂。 十八世紀德國啟蒙運動作家雷辛,也受了伊索的影響,寫了許多膾炙人口的動物寓言故事。例如,沒有自知之明的<鵝>( “The Goose”)(附錄2)。有一隻鵝,因為牠羽毛潔白如雪,就自以為是天鵝的化身。於是便刻意遠離牠的同伴,每天單獨、驕傲、得意地繞著池塘展現牠的美姿。牠模仿天鵝,伸長脖子,希望自己不夠長的脖子,能夠像所有的天鵝一般,有一個優美的弧形。但是這一切卻徒然無功,因為牠的頸子,又短又硬,怎麼也沒辦法像天鵝,結果牠不但失掉了同伴的認同,而旁觀的人也從不認為牠是一隻天鵝,牠仍然只是一隻可笑、平常的鵝。雷辛借這個故事批判凡人盲目,自以為是,缺少自知之明的荒謬。

十九世紀的俄國作家克雷洛夫的寓言故事集,承接伊索、拉豐丹的批判精神,以暗諭及旁敲側擊的方式,發揮寓言故事的藝術,針貶世情時事,對當時沙皇的時

政,多所批評。他的作品<風箏>( “The Kite”)就頗耐人尋味(Krilof 206-07)。一張飛入雲霄的風箏得意的對遨翔在山谷間的蝴蝶說,「當你在下面看到我時,你必須承認你很羨慕、很嫉妒我可以飛得這麼高。」蝴蝶聽了之後馬上回答說:「嫉妒你? 才不呢。你沒有資格如此自豪。雖然你飛得高,但是永遠被一根繩子給緊緊綁住。這種日子怎麼能稱得上是快樂呢?雖然我飛的沒有你高,但是我卻自由自在,愛往哪裡飛,就往哪裡飛。我不是別人的玩物,也不是他人愚蠢的娛樂而已」。這個簡短的故事說明了自由的可貴,唯有做為自己的主體,擁有自主意識,生命才有存在的價值。

十九世紀末另外一位俄國的大文豪托爾斯泰(Leo Tolstoy),也寫了不少寓言故事。但是他的作品很少採取伊索用一句警語來作結束的傳統,他不為寓言故事下結論,而將故事的詮釋留給讀者自己來決定。他的作品<商人與錢包>( “The Merchant and the Purse”)敘述一位商人丟掉皮包,內有兩千大洋,商人昭告大眾,將賞金一千元給拾獲者。有一名工人撿到皮包,交還給商人。商人想到平白損失一千元,心有不甘,便開始後悔。於是他捏造一個謊言,說皮包裡還有一顆寶石,如果這位工人把寶石還給他,那他將給工人兩千元。於是工人上法庭控告商人不守諾言。法官聽完兩方陳述之後,告訴商人說,「這只皮包裡只有兩千元,沒有寶石,所以這不是你丟掉的皮包。工人可以保管皮包,直到遺失者來認領時再歸還。至於你,只好繼續去尋早你丟掉的那只皮包」。這位貪婪的商人,只好乖乖地把一千大洋送給工人(Tolstoy 50)。

寓言故事並不是古代人的專利,現代人也喜歡以寓言的方式來表達思想。例如,索忍尼幸(Alexander Solzhenitsyn)就以<篝火與螞蟻> (“The Bonfire and the Ants”)來說明人對故土家園的認同與眷戀。故事的敘述者放火燒枯枝,寄居在木頭裡的螞蟻受不了高溫烈火,拼命往外逃離。敘述者把木頭拿離開烈火,螞蟻很快地逃到沙地和松針上。可是過了不久,螞蟻似乎克服了灼燒的恐懼,開始繞著烈火兜圈子,但尤於某種神秘的力量驅使,他們又回到熟悉的家園裡去。有許多螞蟻甚至於爬上燃燒中的木頭,壯烈地結束自己的生命(Solzhenitsyn 19)。 當代美國作家索柏(James Thurber)也擅長以寓言來針貶現代人的夫妻關係。他的 “The Unicorn in the Garden” 就是一個很有名的例子(Thurber 65-66)。一天早晨,丈夫告訴妻子說,花園裡有一隻全身雪白,而且頭上長著金角的獨角獸正在吃玫瑰花。妻子睡眼半開,斥責丈夫胡言亂語,與瘋子無異。她說獨角獸只是傳說中的怪獸。丈夫走回花園後,妻子打電話給精神科醫生與警察,說她的丈夫看到獨角獸,請他們快來家裡。精神科醫生與警察到了之後,再次聽到妻子對獨角獸的陳述,兩人機警的交換眼神,迅速將妻子綁起來。這時丈夫走進屋子來,警察問他:「你有沒有告訴你太太說你看見花園裡有一隻獨角獸?」丈夫答道:「當然沒有。獨角獸是只傳說中的怪獸。」精神科醫生與警察立刻將妻子帶走,送到精神科醫院治療。此後,丈夫就過著幸福快樂的日子。這篇預言的教訓

是: “Don?t count your boobies before they are hatched.”。索柏是一位幽默的作家,擅長文字遊戲。這篇短文當然是對伊索預言裡<賣牛奶的女孩>的教訓-- “Don?t count your chickens before they are hatched.” 的模擬與改寫。

參、摘要及讀後感寫作

寓言故事,一般說來,篇幅短小,文字簡潔,沒有艱深誨澀的修辭,也沒有繁複的情節,同時兼具故事與道德教訓,最適合作為中學生閱讀與寫作練習的教材。當前的英語教學趨勢,強調以內容為本的(content-based)指導,以此觀之,寓言不但有內容也有教育價值,是一個理想的教材。今年的寫作能力測驗要求閱讀伊索寓言後,寫一則摘要與讀後感。以下我就依這個方向,分兩部分來分別探討相關的教學活動。

一、摘要寫作

根據John M. Swales 和Christine B. Feak的研究,一個好的摘要必須符合以下三個原則:

1. It should offer a balanced coverage of the original. (There is a tendency to devote more coverage to the earlier parts of the source text.)

2. It should present the source material in a neutral fashion.

3. It should condense the source material and be presented in the summary writer?s own words. (Summaries that consist of directly copied portions of the original rarely succeed.) (Swales 105-106).

摘要的寫作在本質上是對原文的模擬與重述。也就是要將自己所閱讀的文章以簡短的篇幅作重點式的重述。這種重述必須平均兼顧文章的主要元素,不能太過於偏頗,也就是比重要均勻。再者,摘要的目的是要精簡的掌握文章原作者的大意,所以在書寫的過程要為持一中性的態度。也就是不能對原文添油加醋,也不發表己見,評論原文長短。但是最重要的一點是,我們必須用自己的話來書寫摘要。

标签:英文 幽默 寓言故事 幽默寓言小故事 寓言故事英文版