2010高考必考80个句型精讲

句型1

    would rather that somebody did…“宁愿……；更愿意……”(表示现在或将来的愿望)

    would rather that somebody had done…“宁愿……；更愿意……”（表示的愿望）

[例句]

I’d rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。

I’d rather you were not a celebrated actor. In that case, we could spend more time together. 

我到情愿你个知名演员，可以有更多的在一起。

I’d rather that I hadn’t seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天看到她。

句型2

as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……（表示现在或将来的情况用时；表示的情况用时）[参考句型4]

[例句]

Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.

Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。

句型3

   “wish +宾语从句”，表示不大 的愿望

表示现在的愿望：主语+时；

表示的愿望：主语+had done；

表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do

[例句]

How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 学生多么希望有更多的自由放松！

I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn’t wasted so much time playing!

What a pity you can’t go to the party. How I wish I could dance with you at the party!

句型4

    It’s high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该……

[例句]

It’s time that you went to school.= It’s time that you should go to school.

It’s high time that we did something to improve our environment. 该是为环保做些事情了。

I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。

句型5

情态动词+动词不定式结构的用法

could have done “本来可以……”（表示的）。

might have done “本来……；本来应该或可以做某事”（；含有轻微的责备语气。

should/ought to have done “本来该做某事”（而未做）

should not/ought not to have done “本来不该做”（却做过了，含有责备语气）

needn’t have done “本来不必做”（做过了）

would rather have done “当时宁愿做了某事”（做过）；否定式would rather not have done表达相反意思，两者都有表示“后悔”之意。

句型6

as, though, although的让步状语从句。

[注意]although位于句首；though位于句首或句中；as位于句中=though。它的词序是把句中强调的形容词、副词、动词或名词连词前。[参考倒装结构] 请注意下列句式的：

[例句]

1. Although/Though I’m young, I already know what career I want to follow.

→Young as/though I am, I already know what career I want to follow.

我年轻，但我明白我应该追随样的事业。

2. Although/Though I respect him very much, I cannot agree with his idea.

  →Much as/though I respect him, I cannot agree with his idea. 我很尊重他，我不同意他的观点。

3. Although/Though he is a child, he knows a lot of Chinese characters.

  →Child（省略冠词）as/though he is, he knows a lot of Chinese characters. 他个孩子，却认识了许多汉字。

4. Although he tried, he couldn’t solve the problem.

  →Try as he might, he couldn’t solve the problem. 他努力了，他解决问题。

5. Although it is raining, I’m going out for a walk.

  →Raining as it is, I’m going out for a walk. 天在下雨，我要出去散步。

6. Strange as it may seem, nobody was injured in the accident. 这次意外显得不可思议，却人受伤。

7. Much as I would like to help, I have a lot to do. 我很想帮助你，我有事要做。

8. Object as you may, I will go. 纵使你反对，我也要去。

句型7

…before…特殊用法（1）“没来得及……就……”

[例句]

The roof fell before he had time to dash into the room to save his baby.

他还来得及冲进房间救孩子，房顶就塌了。

He ran off before I could stop him. 我还来得及阻止，他跑了。

To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her.

让我非常失望的是，我还来得及和我最喜欢的歌手打招呼，她就离开了。

句型8

…before…特殊用法（2）“过了多久才……”或“动作到程度才……”

[例句]

They walked about fifty miles to the west before they saw a village.

西行50英里才看到村庄。

The workers worked day and night about three days before everything returned to normal.

工人们连续工作3天才使一切恢复。

He almost knocked me down before he knew it.

他几乎撞到我了才意识到。

We had walked a long way before we found some water.

走了很长的路才找到一点水。

Five years went by before I knew it. 不知不觉，五年了。

句型9

It was + 段+before….“过了多久才（怎么样）……”

It was not long before….“不久，就……”

It will (not) be +段+before….“要过多久（不久）……才……”(before从句谓语动词要用时态)

[例句]

It was not long before he sensed the danger of the position.不久他就意识到他处境的危险。

It was five days before he came back. 五天后他才回来。

It will be half a year before you graduate from the school. 再过半年你才能毕业。

It will not be long before they understand each other. 大概不久就会互相。

句型10

in case of…(+n.) “以防；万一”；

in case that…“以防，万一……”（谓语动词用现在时态或should+动词原形）

[例句]

In case of fire, what should we do?

Please remind me about it in case I forget/should forget. 万一我忘了，请提醒我。

In case (that) John comes/should come, please tell him to wait.

Please take your umbrella in case (that it rains/should rain).带上雨伞，以防下雨。

句型11

It强调句型

强调句的构成：It is/was + 被强调的 + who（主要指人时）/that + 其余

[注意1]

结构可以强调句子的主语、宾语、状语（包括，地点，，原因等），强调谓语动词（参考句型15）。

原句的谓语动词是现在或将来时态，用It is…that/who….；

原句的谓语动词是时态，用It was…that/who….；   

强调、地点、原因或时不要用when, where或how, 用that。

[例句1]

I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.

→It was I who saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调主语）

→It was in the street that I saw him yesterday afternoon.（强调地点状语）

→It was yesterday afternoon that I saw him in the street.（强调状语）

→It was him that/who I saw in the street yesterday afternoon.（强调宾语）

[例句2]

He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.

→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.

He didn’t do his homework until his father came back from work.

→It wasn’t until his father came back from work that he did his homework.

[例句3]

Only when you nearly lose someone do you fully realize how much you value him.

→It is only when you nearly lose someone that you fully realize how much you value him.

你快要失去某个人时，你才意识到你是多么尊重他。

[例句4]

I was late again because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour.

→It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again.

（强调句中只能强调由because的原因状语从句，because换成since, as, for, now that等）

[注意2]强调句的疑问结构

疑问句 Is / Was it +被强调 +who / that …?

特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词+is /was +it +who / that…?                                                 

What is/was it that…? Who is/was it that…? When is/was it that…?

Where is/was it that…? Why is/was it that…? How is/was it that…?

[例句1]

I saw him in the street yesterday afternoon.

→When was it that you saw him in the street?

→Who was it that you saw in the street yesterday afternoon?

→Where was it that you saw him yesterday afternoon?

[例句2]

I don’t know when he will come back.

→I don’t know when it is that he will come back.（宾语从句疑问词后用陈述句语序）

–How was it that you got in touch with Mr. Smith? 你是怎么和Smith先生上的？

–Trough a friend of mine. 朋友。

句型12

（1）、祈使句（表条件）+ or/or else/ otherwise + 主句（表结果）… “否则…，要不然…”

（2）、祈使句（表条件）+ and +主句（表结果）

[例句]

Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class.

Please call me up before you come, otherwise/or else/or we might be out.

你来之前打个电话，否则，也许会出去。

Think it over and you will find the answer.

Give him an inch and he will take a mile. 得寸进尺。

Work hard and you will make progress every day. 好好学习，天天向上。

句型13

…until….“直到……时候”；not…until…“直到……才……”

[例句]

You are to stay until/till your mother comes back. 你得等到你妈妈回来。

The meeting was put off until ten o’clock. 会议推迟到十点钟。

The villagers didn’t realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river.

→Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how serious the pollution was.（倒装句）

等到湖里的鱼全死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。

He didn’t go to bed until his mother came back.

→It was not until his mother came back that he went to bed.（强调句）

Not until he failed in the exam did he realize that he had wasted much time playing computer games.

Not until his son came back from school did he go to bed.

句型14

unless…“除非，不……”(=if…not)

[例句]

I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. 不下雨，我明天去。

–Shall Tom go and play football?

–Not unless he has finished his homework. 除非他作业，否则出去。

I won’t go unless he comes to invite me himself.

除非他本人来邀请我，不然我是不会去的。

I won’t attend his birthday party unless invited (=unless I am invited).      除非被邀请，否则我不

去参加的生日晚会。

句型15

when的从句

when除了用来主语从句、宾语从句、状语从句、表语从句和定语从句，还有用法值得关注，那when并列分句，意思是“这时突然；就在那时”，强调另动作的突然。常用于句型中：（1）、主语 + be doing… when…意思是“正在做某事这时……”；（2）、主语 + be about to do…when…；（3）、主语+be on the point of (doing) …when…意思是“正要去做某事这时……”

[例句]

One day Chuck was on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashed. 有一天，Chuck正在太平洋上飞行，这时他的飞机突然爆炸了。

I don’t know when he will arrive. 我不晓得他时候到达。

I thought of the happy days when I was in Beijing. 我想起了在北京时的那段快乐日子。

I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上武器的日子不久就会到来。

I was walking along the river when I heard a drowning boy cry for help. 我正在河边行走，这时我突然听到落水男孩求救。

I was about to leave when it began to rain. 我刚要离开，这时下雨了。

I had just finished my exam paper when the bell rang, announcing the class was over. 我刚做完作业，下课铃响了。

I thought of the happy days when I was in France. 我想到了在法国时那段快乐日子。

I believe the time will soon come when there will be no weapons in the world. 我相信世界上武器的日子不久就会来临。

[]

I was walking along the street when I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我正在街上走，这时我看见一家裁缝店。

I was walking along the streets. Just at the moment I caught sight of a tailor’s shop. 我在街上走。就在那时我看见一家裁缝店。

句型16

while的从句

while除了有“当/在……时候”的意思外（注意：的句子谓语动词只能是延续性动词！），的两层意思考查的：（1）while = although “”、“”，让步状语从句；（2）while的意思是“然而；可是”，常用来表达对比关系。

[例句]

While I admit that the problem is difficult, I don’t think that they can’t be solved.

我承认问题很难，我并不无法解决。

While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings.

我承认他的优点，我也能看出他的缺点。

While I was angry with her, I didn’t lose my temper.

我很生气，但我当时对她发脾气。

While I understand your viewpoint, I don’t agree with you. 我你的见解， 我同意（你）。

I earn only 120 dollars a week, while she earns 180 dollars. 我一星期只赚120美元，她却赚180美元。

句型17

where…（地点从句）

[注意]where地点从句时，可以定语从句或是逻辑地点状语从句。当它在定语从句中作地点状语，指代地点时，这时可以用in which, on which, at which, to which, from which等结构代替。它逻辑地点状语从句时，用法。

[例句]

You should put the book where it was. 把书放回原处。

Persistent people begin their success where others end in failure.

不屈不挠者从他人失败的地方获取。

Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。

Where men are greedy, there is never peace. 人类贪欲不止，世界和平无望。

Go where you should, keep on studying. 你到哪里，你都应该学习。

That is the building where my father works. 那是我父亲工作的大楼。

Yesterday I went to the department store, where I met my teacher. 昨天我去百货公司，就在那儿遇见了我的老师。

That’s where a change is needed. 那需要变更的地方。

We could see the runners very well from where we stood. 从所站的地方能很清楚地看到赛跑的选手。

You should let your children play where you can see them. 你应该让小孩在你的视线所及的地方玩耍。

Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.=Potatoes can be grown in places where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where定语从句）

有些地方太冷种水稻，但可以种马铃薯。

[请下面的句子结构的不同]

Potatoes can be grown where it is too cold to grow rice.（本句where地点状语从句）

句型18

what的从句

what在英语中非常活跃,它可以用来主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句，不用来定语从句。在句子里可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语，既可以指人，也可以指物。

[例句]

What is the population of the world? 世界的人口有多少？

What did you pay for this picture? 这幅画你付了多少钱？

What is most important in life isn’t money. 人生最的并非是金钱。

Will you show me what you bought? 可以把你所买的东西给我看一下吗？

Mary is no longer what she was ten years ago. Mary10年前的她了。

句型19

as的非限制性定语从句

     在as的非限制性定语从句中，连接代词as在句子中可以作主语、宾语或表语等，可以指人或物。其在定语从句中的位置灵活，即可以在句子前面，在句子中间或句子末尾。常用的结构有：as we all know; as is well known to…; as is often the case; as is said/mentioned above; as has been said before; as I told you before; as is evident; as often happens; as can be seen; as is/was expected; as we expect; as I can remember等。

[注意1]as通常只指整个句子的内容，不表示内容。

[注意2]as的非限制性定语从句通常指“事先可以预料到的”“料想到的”，表达“好”的。

[注意3]as限制性定语从句时，常构成the same…as…; such…as…; so/as …as…等结构。在从句中既可以指人、物，也可以指整个句子。

[例句]                                                          
This is also part of your work, as I told you before. 我曾告诉过你，这你工作的一。

The man was a teacher, as was evident from his way of speaking. 从那人说话的样子可看出，他是个老师。

Such ideas as he hits on are worthless. 像他那样偶然想起的主意是无用的。

It’s the same story as I heard from her yesterday. 这故事跟我从她那儿听到的相同。

He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find. 他要尽找漂亮的女孩结婚。

Such people as have made great contributions to the world should be greatly respected.

那些对世界巨大的人们应该受到的尊重。

句型20

which的非限制性定语从句（也限制性定语从句）

     which的非限制性定语从句既可以指整个句子内容，也可以指句子的内容（如单词或词组等），在句子中可以作主语、宾语（动词或介词的）、定语等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能主句后，主句前。表达的内容是“不好的”、“事先预料到的”等时，常用which，只指物。

[例句]

Yellowstone National Park, which is in Wyoming, is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world. 黄石公园位于怀俄明州，是世界上最美丽的公园。

The clock, which my grandfather bought, is still in good order. 这时钟是我祖父买的，现在还走时很准。

The picture, for which he paid an enormous amount of money, was a forgery.

那幅画他花了一大笔钱购买，却是幅赝品。

She changed her mind again, which made us all angry. 她又了主意，这使大家都生气了。

I lived three years in Paris, during which time I learned French. 我在巴黎住了三年，在那期间我学了法语。

The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we could expect. 天气结果转晴，

这是预料到的。