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Unit 7 A Christmas Carol单元教案 | |||||
Unit 整体感知 单元要点
Word study
1. bacteria 2. powder 3. standard 4. conscience 5. nephew 6. frost 7. handwriting 8. overcoat 9. wage 10. anyway 11. god 12. admit 13. foolish 14. clap 15. partner 16. abundant 17. warmth 18. taxpayer 19. personally 20. occupy 21. constant 22. welfare 23. clerk 24. composer 25. novelist 26. firm 27. shadow 28. ambition 29. noble 30. gain 31. bond 32. indeed 33. goose 34. selfish 35. bishop 36. choir 1. 细菌 2. 粉末 3. 标准 4. 良心 5. 侄子,外甥 6. 霜 7. 笔迹 8. 外套 9. 工资 10. 如何 11. 上帝 12. 承认 13. 愚蠢的 14. 拍手 15. 伙伴,搭档 16. 的 17. 温暖 18. 纳税人 19. 就而言, 20. 使忙碌,占有 21. 经常的 22. 福利 23. 职员 24. 创作者 25. 小说家 26. 公司 27. 影子 28. 雄心 29. 高贵的 30. 获利 31. 契约 32. 的确 33.. 鹅 34. 自私的 35. 主教 36. 合唱队 Useful expressions 1. care for 2. leave alone 3. in want of 4. close up 5. pick sb’s pocket 6. have eyes for 7. make money 8. do sb good 9. take sb’s/sth’s place 1. 喜爱,照顾 2. 不管,随……去 2. 需要 4. 关闭,使靠近 5. 扒窃 6. 喜欢 7. 挣钱 8. 对某人有好处 9. 代替某人/某物 Sentencepatterns & Communicative English 表示祝愿: God save you! God bless it! Merry Christmas! A Merry Christmas! Long life to him!
Grammar 状语(Adverbial) 1. 状语可以由副词、介词短语、不定式或不定式短语、分词或分词短语、形容词、词组、复合结构及从句来表示,间或可以用名词作状语。 He got up early to catch the early train. The boy lay on the ground, with his eyes staring at the ceiling. 2. 分词或分词短语作状语时,要考虑分词或分词短语与其逻辑主语(即句子的主语)的逻辑关系。的用现在分词,被动的用分词。 Scolded by his father, the boy was very sad. Walking through the woods, the two men came across a big bear. 3. 状语从句其作用分为状语从句、条件状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、原因状语从句、让步状语从句、状语从句、地点状语从句和状语从句。 He didn’t attend the meeting, because he was ill. You must do everything the way I do.Topic & Writing 谈论社会责任感的话题的方法。 背景知识Charles Dickens Charles Dickens (1812—1870) was one of the greatest English writers in the 19th century. He was the greatest representative of English critical realism. He was born in a poor family and when he was a child, his father was put into prison for debts. In order to make a living, he had to work in an underground cellar at a blacking factory in the East End of London when he was only 12. He had to work hard and long hours there and this was the most unhappy time of all his life. Later he had a chance to study at school, but his miserable life at the factory left an everlasting, painful brand on the boy’s mind. At the age of 15, he became a lawyer’s clerk. After work, he learned shorthand and visited the British Museum Library, filling up the gaps in his education by reading. Then he became a Parliamentary reporter for newspapers. In 1834 he was taken on the staff of a newspaper and went all over the country getting news, writing stories, meeting people and learning about life in general. He wrote a lot of novels in his life, many of which are word-famous. The most famous ones are “The Pickwick Papers”, “Oliver Twist”, “David Copperfield”, “Bleak House”, “A Tale of Two Cities”, “Great Expetations” and so on. “A Christmas Carol” was written in 1843.
细说教材 Warming up …the time in which he lived 他所生活的时代 [点拨] in which he lived是定语从句,修饰the time。这里是“介词+关系代词”定语从句,关系代词which代指the time。 e.g. I will never forget the day on which I first met him. 我永远都不会忘记我4次见到他的那一天。 [点拨] time 名词,表示(与某情况、经历等的)时期。 e.g. University is a good time for me. 我的大学时期愉快。
ListeningDuring our sleep we often have dreams. 睡觉时经常做梦。 [点拨] dream 用法小结: 1. 名词:梦,梦想 have a dream (of/about …) 做梦,梦(见…) realize one’s dream梦想 e.g. I have a recurrent dream that I’ve turned into an elephant. 我屡次梦见变成了大象。 My son’s dream is to be an astronaut. 我儿子的理想是当宇航员。 3. 动词:做梦,梦想 式和分词是dreamed 或者dreamt. dream of/about sth/doing sth 梦见某事物。 e.g. I dreamt about flying last night. 我昨夜梦见我在飞翔。 Was it real or did I dream it?是真的当时我在做梦? He dreams of one day becoming a famous violinist. 他梦想有朝一日著名的小提琴家。What does Scrooge have to do to avoid Jacob’s fate? 斯克罗奇要怎样做才能雅各布的命运? [点拨] avoid 动词 “stop (sth) happening, prevent” 防止(谋事),预防 avoid sb’s fate 某人的厄运。 The reason why Jacob Marley appears in Scrooge’s dream to warn him is probably because…雅各布·玛利在斯克罗奇的梦里警告他的原因是…… [点拨] why Jacob Marley appears in Scrooge’s dream to warn him是定语从句修饰先行词the reason。当定语从句的先行词是reason 时,定语从句可以用why, for which 或者that(关系副词) 。 Speaking Scrooge has no friends except his partner, Marley 除了他的合伙人玛利以外,斯克罗奇朋友也。 [点拨] except 介词,意思是“除了…以外”。Except用法小结: 1. except +名词 e.g. The restaurant is open everyday except Monday. 这家商店除星期一外,每天都营业。 2. except +代词 e.g. Everyone except me got an invitation. 除了我以外,所有人都收到了请柬。 3. except +介词短语 e.g. He looked everywhere for the book except in the bedroom. 除了卧室以外,为找那本书他到处都找遍了。 4. except +v-ing He does everything except washing clothes. 他除了洗衣服外,活都赶。 5. except+动词不定式 He desired nothing except to go abroad for further study. 他只求出国深造,别无他求。 6. except + that从句 He has no special bad habit except that he smokes too much.. 他的坏习惯,烟吸得太多。 7. except + when/where/why等从句 It happens every day, except when it rains. 除非是下雨天,天天如此。 I understand everything except why she killed him. 我一切都明白,只是不理解她为把他杀死。 8. except for + 名词/代词 e.g. Your composition is very good except for a few spelling mistakes. 你的作文除有几个字拼错外,其余都。 Neither Scrooge nor Marley care for other people. 斯克罗奇和玛利都不喜欢别人。 [点拨] care for sb 意思是“喜欢某人,照顾某人”。 e.g. I really care for the students in my class. 我确实喜欢我班里的学生。 The child is well cared for. 这孩子被照顾得。 [点拨] care for sth 意思是“愿意或同意(做某事),希望或喜欢(做某事)”,用于否定句或疑问句,尤与would 连用。 e.g. Would you care for some coffee? 来点咖啡好吗? They do not care about their employees, their families or poor people in society. 不的雇员、家人和社会上的穷苦的人们。 [点拨] care about 意思是“感兴趣,”,多用于否定句和疑问句。 e.g. Don’t you care about anybody? 你难道谁也不吗? I don’t care about what happens to him. 我才不管他的事呢。 …some people forget that business is not only about making money and profits. 人忘记了做生意不只是赚取金钱和利润。 [点拨] 此处,make 意为earn, gain, acquire 赚取(某事物);;。 e.g. She makes $15 …to protect the people working for them. 保护为工作的人们。 [点拨] working for them “为工作”里是现在分词短语作定语,修饰the people。 e.g. The boy talking with Mary is my son. 正和玛丽谈话的那个男孩是我儿子。 There are also cases of food polluted with poisons or bacteria. 也有食品受毒药或细菌污染的事例。 [点拨] case 此处意为“事例,事实,实例”。 e.g. Could you give us a concrete case? 你能给举个事例吗? ,case 还可意为“状况,情形;病例,患者;案件等”。 e.g. This is not the case in our country.在我国情况的。 He is the first case of cancer the young doctor has treated. 他是这位年轻医生医治的位癌症患者。 The case is in fovor of the defendant. 案情陈述有利于被告。 [点拨] case 短语总结 1. in case +从句 或者in case 作状语 意思是“because of the possibility of sth happening”“以防万一,万一”。 e.g. It may rain—take an umbrella with you in case (it does). 下雨---你最好带把伞,以防万一(下雨)。 2. in case of sth 意为“if sth happens” “假如,某事”。 e.g. In case of fire, ring the alarm bell. 遇火警时立即按警铃。 3. in any case意为“whatever happens or may have happened” “如何,总之”。 e.g. Be sure to try your best in any case. 如何都要尽你最大的努力。 4. in that case意为“if that happens or has happened; if that is the state of affairs” “既然那样;假如那样的话”。 e.g. You don’t like your job? In that case why don’t you leave? 你不喜欢这份工作?那你怎么不辞掉呢? 5. in no case意为“in no circumstances” “在任何情形下决不,如何都不”。 e.g. He would in no case give in.他决不会屈服的。
Frost stands on the window. 窗户上结着霜冻。
[点拨] stand 此处意为“在某处,位于”。
e.g. A tall poplar tree once stood here. 这儿曾经有过一棵高大的白杨树。
If I hear another word from you, you will go where it is really cold. 我要是再听你说一句,我就让你到真正冷的地方去
[点拨] 本句中where it is really cold 是状语从句,表示地点。
本句也可以表示:If I hear another word from you, you will go to the place where it is really cold.
e.g. Bamboo grows best (in the place) where it is warm and cold.
竹子在温暖潮湿的地方长的好。
Put the raincoat (in the place) where you can easily find it.
把雨衣你容易找到的地方。
That’s a poor excuse for picking a man’s pocket every twenty-fifth of December! 每年的十二月二十五日掏人腰包,借口不。
[点拨] poor 此处意为“不好的,不的,不充足的”。
e.g. We had a poor crop of wheat this year. 今年小麦歉收。
[点拨] pick sb’s pocket ---steal money, etc from sb’s pocket 扒窃
have one’s pocket picked 遭扒窃
e.g. He had his pocket picked in the supermarket. 他在超市里遭扒窃了。
Anyway I suppose I will have to let you have it. 不管怎么说,我想我会答应你的。
[点拨] anyway 副词,意思是“如何,即使如此(whatever the facts may be; in spite of this)”。
e.g. Whatever you say, I’m going anyway. 你说,如何我也要去。
Let me leave it alone, then. 我才不管它呢.
[点拨] leave sb/sth alone/be ---not disturb or interfere with sb/sth 不打扰或不干预某人[某事物]。
e.g. I’ve told you to leave my things alone. 我告诉过你不要动我的东西。
Much good may it do you. 愿它能给你带来好处!
[点拨] do sb good = do good to sb ---benefit sb “有益于某人“。
e.g. Eat more fruit; it will do you good. 多吃水果,对你有好处。
…women and men open their hearts freely and think of other people男人女人们自由地敞开心扉为别人考虑。
[点拨] open one’s heart “敞开心扉”
open one’s heart to sb “同情;向……讲心里话”。
e.g. Mr. Smith opened his heart to the poor little boy.
Integrating skillsThese are but shadows of the past. 只是的影子。 [点拨] but 此处是副词,意为“只,仅仅”。 e.g. He is but a boy. 他不过是个孩子。 I don’t think we can succeed. Still we can but try. 我想不会,,不妨试一试。 Another idol has taken my place. 另偶像取代了我。 [点拨] take sb’s/sth’s place`; take the place of sb/sth 代替某人/某事物 e.g. She couldn’t attend the meeting so her assistant took her place. 她出席会议,由助手替她。 Nothing could take the place of the family he had lost. 他失去了家庭,损失是无法弥补的。 That’s not what life is about! 钱生活的! [点拨] what life is about 是从句作表语。 You only have eyes for money. 你就只爱钱。[点拨] (only) have eyes for sb/sth. ; have eyes (only) for sb/sth---only be interested in or in love with (a specified person) (只)对……感兴趣;(只)爱恋/喜欢…… e.g. In Amsterdam, I had eyes only for the Rembrandts. 在阿姆斯特丹,我只想看伦勃朗的名画。 All the girls liked Fred, but he had eyes only for Helen. 姑娘们全都喜欢弗雷德,他却只对海伦感兴趣。 [点拨] have an eye/a good eye for… 意为“对……有眼光”。 e.g. He has an eye for the fair and the beautiful. 他有审美眼光。 You’ve got it all wrong. 你全弄错了。 [点拨] 此句中 all 副词,意为“completely 完全地”,修饰 wrong;wrong 是形容词,作it 的宾语补足语。 Nobody knows it better than you do, poor fellow. 人比你更他了,可怜的人。 [点拨] know sb/sth well 对……熟知,对……很;do 代指knows。 Grammar语法:状语(The Adverbial) (一)状语可以由成分表示 1. 副词 e.g. He secretly decided to leave the town. 他私下决定离开这座城市。 We’ll raise the money somehow. 将来以某种筹集这笔钱。 2. 介词短语 e.g. He traveled in the desert for six months. 他在沙漠里走了六个月。 We have friends all over the world. 的朋友遍天下。 3. 不定式(短语) e.g. I went there to see my grandmother. 我到那里去看我奶奶。 The suitcase is too heavy to be carried by a child. 箱子太重小孩拿不动。 4. 分词(短语) e.g. Being a poor teacher, he can’t afford to buy a car. 他是一位穷教师,买不起汽车。 Compared to her affection, nothing else had any worth. 和她的感情相比,别的东西都价值。 5. 形容词 e.g. He said nothing but sat silent smoking. 他没说话,只静坐在那里抽烟。 Fresh from the oven, rolls are delicious. 刚出炉的小面包吃。 6. 词组 e.g. I shall stay another five months. 我将再待五个月。 First thing in the morning we swept the courtyard for the landlord. 每天早上的件事给房东扫院子。 7. 复合结构 e.g. It being a holiday, the library isn’t open. 这天是假日,图书馆不开门。 They will send you the book for $2.50, postage included. 将把书寄给你,书价2.50美圆,邮资在内。 8. 从句 e.g. Next time you come in, please close the door. 下次你进来时请关好门。 However often I try, I can’t find the answer. 不管尝试多少次,我都找答案。 9. 有时可以用名词作状语。 e.g. That night on the way home, I looked down and found the necklace was not there any more. 坐了好几个钟头等你。 She’s feeling miles better today. 她感到好多了。 (二)关于分词作状语 1. 分词或分词短语作状语时,可以表示、原因、、伴随状况等。 2. 分词短语作状语时,其逻辑主语与句子的主语。分词与句子的主语是关系,用doing 表示与谓语动词或的动作,用having done 表示在谓语动词之前的动作。分词与句子的主语是被动关系,则用done 强调在谓语动词之前的动作,也可用having been done。 e.g. He lay still, staring at the ceiling. 他静静地躺着,茫然地望着天花板。 Having been warned about the bandits, she left her valuables at home. 有人警告她有盗匪,她把贵重物品都留在家里。 (三)状语从句的类型 1. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Time) 状语从句主要由连词:when, while, as, before, after, until, till, since, whenever等;有时由起着连词作用的词或词组来:as soon as, no sooner…than, the last time, once, next time, the first time, the moment, immediately, now(that)等。 e.g.1. While the discussion was going on, George came in. 正在时乔治进来了。 e.g.2. The moment he spoke I recognized his voice. 他一说话我就听出了他的声音。 2. 条件状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Condition) 条件状语从句主要由下列连词:if, unless, supposing, suppose, provided 等;有时由起着连词作用的词组来:so long as, as long as, in case, on condition that, even if等。 e.g.1. Suppose she finds out, what shall we do then? 假如她了,怎么办? e.g.2. In case he arrives before I get back, please ask him to wait. 我还没回来他就到了,请让他稍等。 3. 目的状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Purpose) 目的状语从句主要由连词:in order that, so that, so, that, lest等;有时由起着连词作用的词组:for fear (that), in case等。 e.g.1. Ask her to hurry up with the letters so that I can sign them.让她快点把信打好,以便我能签字。 e.g.2. She didn’t dare to call me for fear they might hear us. 她不敢叫我,唯恐会听到。 4. 结果状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Result) 结果状语从句主要由so…that, such…that, that有时可以省略,是在口语中。 e.g. They had such a fierce dog that no one dared to go near their house. 的狗那样凶,谁也不敢走近家。 5. 原因状语从句 ((Adverbial Clause of Reason) 原因状语从句主要由连词:because, as, since。有时由seeing, considering, now that, given等。 e.g.1. Because it was wet he took a taxi.下雨他叫了一辆出租车。 e.g.2. Considering he has only just started, he knows quite a lot about it. 考虑到他刚刚开始,对此他算是知道得了。 6. 让步状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Concession) 让步状语从句的连词主要有:although, though, even though, even if, while, whereas等。 e.g. She still loved him even though he had treated her so badly. 他待她那样差,她爱他。 7.状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Manner) 状语从句的连词主要有:as, like, as if, as though, however等,the way 也常可状语从句。 e.g.1. She looked a bit queer, as if she knew something. 她显得有点怪,仿佛她知道情况似的。 e.g.2. He doesn’t speak the way I do. 他不象我说话。 8. 地点状语从句 (Adverbial Clause of Place) 地点状语从句的连词主要有:where, wherever, everywhere, anywhere等,no matter where 也可以地点状语从句。 e.g.1. Put in an article where (it is necessary). 在必要的地方填入冠词。 e.g.2. Keep you mobile phone with you no matter where you are. 不管在哪里你都要带着手机。 9. 状语从句(Adverbial Clause of Comparison) 状语从句的连词主要是than和as。 e.g. It was more expensive than I thought. 它比我想的要贵。考题档案 1. (NMET 2000)It’s always difficult being in a foreign country, _______ if you don’t speak the language. A. extremely B. naturally C. basically D. especially 2. (NMET2003年北京)______ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player. A. Having B. To give C. Giving D. Given 3. (2003年春季上海)Unless _____ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited 4. (2004年春季上海)Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carriage ______ the girl and took her away, _______ into the woods. A. seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeared C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing 5. (NMET2001年春季北京)______ late in the afternoon, Bob turned off the alarm. A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleep 6. The bus rolled into the valley, _____ ten deaths and more wounded. A. to cause B. caused C. causing D. having caused 7. ---Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day? ---______ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up. A. Get B. Getting C. To get D. To be getting 8. ______, I’ll go over all these lessons before the exam. A. If time will permit B. Time permitting C. If time permitted D. Time permits 9. To learn swim well, ________. A. much practice is needed by one B. much practice is needed C. one needs much practice D. one is needed much practice 10. The poor man, ______, ran out of the dark carve. A. trembled and frightened B. trembling and frightened C. trembling and frightening D. trembled and frightening 11. When _______, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 12. ______ from the top of the building, and you’ll find the city more beautiful. A. To see B. See C. Seeing D. Seen 13. He ran off _______ I can stop him. A. since B. after C. before D. when 14. We won’t give up _______ we should fail ten times. A. since B. even if C. whether D. until 15. _____ , he knows a lot of things. A. A child as he is B. As he is a child C. Child as is he D. Child as he is 参考答案 1. 选D。 especially “地”,副词作状语。这里强调不会说那个的语言会感到。 2. 选D。 given time 作条件状语,于状语从句if he was given time。 3. 选A 。invite 和you是动宾关系,要用分词invited作状语,表示被动,于条件状语从句unless you are invited。 4. 选D。 seized 作谓语,要用式。disappear是不及物动词,和主语是关系,要用现在分词作状语。 5. 选A 。to sleep late in the afternoon 作目的状语。 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. B 15. D --下载< |
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