高考网权威发布2017年高考英语备考：虚拟语气语法真题练习，更多2017年高考英语备考相关信息请访问高考网。
【经典例题】
1. If my lawyer _______ here last Saturday， he _______ me from going.
A. had been; would have prevented B. had been; would prevent
C. were; would prevent D. were; would have prevented
2. If I had worn my overcoat， I _______cold.
A. won’t have caught B .couldn’t have caught
C. won’t catch D. wouldn’t catch
3.—If he ______ ， he ______ that food.
—Luckily he was sent to the hospital immediately.
A. was warned; would not take B. had been warned; would not have taken
C. would be warned; had not taken D. would have been warned; had not taken
4. I didn’t see your sister at the meeting. If she _______， she would have met my brother.
A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come
【答案与解析】
1.A.本题考查虚拟语气。因为从句表示与过去事实相反的假设，故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。
2.B.本题考查虚拟条件句中主句谓语动词的使用。因为从句用了过去完成时，可知主句谓语动词用would / could have +过去分词形式。根据句意，可知选B。
3.B. 根据答语，可知本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。故从句谓语动词用过去完成时，而主句谓语动词用would have +过去分词形式。
4.D. 根据句意“在会上我没有看到你的姐姐。如果她来的话，她就见到我哥哥了”可知，这是考查对过去事实的虚拟。主句用could have done，故从句谓语动词应该用过去完成时。
【重点归纳】
一、虚拟条件句的类别
虚拟条件句可分为三类：一类是叙述与现在事实相反的情况;一类是叙述与过去事实相反的情况;另一类是叙述与将来事实相反的情况。其主句和从句的谓语动词构成如下：
1. 与现在事实相反
条件从句用过去时(be动词的过去式一律用were)，主句用would (should/ might / could)+动词原形”。如：
If I were you， I would accept the invitation to the party.
如果我是你的话，我将接受去舞会的邀请。
If I knew her well， I would tell you about her.
如果我很了解她的话，我将告诉你关于她的事情。
2. 与过去事实相反
条件从句用过去完成时，主句用“would /should/ might / could + have +过去分词”， 如：
If you had been there last night， nothing would have happened.
如果你昨天晚上在那儿的话，就没有什么事情发生了。
If I had got up earlier， I would have caught the first bus.
如果我起得更早一些的话，就赶上头班车了。
3.与将来事实相反
条件从句用过去时或者“were to + 动词原形”或者“should+ 动词原形”，主句用“would (should/ might / could)+动词原形”，如：
If it were Saturday tomorrow， we wouldn’t have an exam.
如果明天是周六的话，我们就不考试了。
If you were to visit the school tomorrow， you would see Professor Smith.
如果你明天去参观学校的话，你就会看到史密斯教授。
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