篇一：1984年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试物理试题
1984年高考物理试题
一、(21分)每小题3分.把答案填写在题中横线上空白处,不要求写出演算过
程.
(1)我国在1984年4月8日成功地发射了一颗通信卫星.
这颗卫星绕地
(2)平衡下列核反应方程式
:
(3)如右图所示,一正离子以速度v从左向右射入匀强电场和匀强磁场并存的区域中.电场强度E=4×104牛顿/库仑.磁感应强度B=0.2特斯拉,方向垂直纸面向里.电场、磁场和速度三者的方向互相垂直.如果该离子在场中运动时不发生偏转,则电场方向在附图中为从 向 ;离子速度大小v= 米/秒.
(4)频率为ν的光照射到一金属表面上,有电子从金属表面逸出.当所加反向电压Ｕ的大小增大到3伏特时,光电流刚好减小到零.已知这种金属的极限频率为ν0=6×1014赫兹,因此照射光的频率ν= 赫兹.
(5)太阳光谱中含有许多暗线,这些暗线是由于 而形成的.
(6)氢原子的基态能量E1=-13.6电子伏特,则氢原子处于量子数n=5的能级时的能量为 电子伏特.
(7)S1和S2是两个相干波源.在图中分别以S1和S2为圆心作出了两组同心圆弧,分别表示在同一时刻两列波的波峰和波谷.实线表示波峰,虚线表示波谷.在图中方框内标出了三个点a、b、c.在这三个点中,振动加强的点是 ,振动减弱的点是 .
二、(16分) 每小题4分.本题中每小题给出的几个说法中,有一个或几个是正
确的.把正确的说法全选出来,并将正确说法的号码填写在题后方括号内.每小题,全部选对的,得4分;选对但不全的,得少量分;有选错的,得0分;不答的,得0分.填写在方括号外的号码,不作为选出的答案.
(1)火车在长直水平轨道上匀速行驶.门窗紧闭的车厢内有一人向上跳起,发现仍落回到车上原处.这是因为:
1.人跳起后,厢内空气给他以向前的力,带着他随同火车一起向前运动.
2.人跳起的瞬间,车厢的地板给他一个向前的力,推动他随同火车一起向前运动.
3.人跳起后,车在继续向前运动,所以人落下后必定偏后一些,只是由于时间很短,偏后距离太小,不明显而已.
4.人跳起后直到落地,在水平方向上人和车始终具有相同的速度.
答( )
(2)法拉第电磁感应定律可以这样表述:闭合电路中感生电动势的大小:
1.跟穿过这一闭合电路的磁通量成正比.
2.跟穿过这一闭合电路的磁感应强度成正比.
3.跟穿过这一闭合电路的磁通量的变化率成正比.
4.跟穿过这一闭合电路的磁通量的变化量成正比.
答( )
(3)在下图所示的电路中,当可变电阻R的阻值增大时:
1.AB两点间的电压U增大.
2.AB两点间的电压U减小.
3.通过R的电流I增大.
4.通过R的电流I减小.
5.通过R的电流I不变.
答( )
(4)下列几种说法中,哪种说法正确?
1.电场中电力线上每一点的切线方向都跟该点的场强方向一致.
2.沿电力线方向,场强一定越来越小.
3.沿电力线方向,电势一定越来越低.
4.在电场力作用下,正电荷一定从电势高的地方向电势低的地方移动.
5.在电场力作用下,负电荷一定从电势高的地方向电势低的地方移动.
答( )
三、(14分)
(1)测定电流表内电阻的实验中备用的器件有:
A.电流表(量程0～100μA),
B.标准伏特表(量程0～5V),
C.电阻箱(阻值范围0～999Ω),
D.电阻箱(阻值范围0～9999Ω),
E.电源(电动势2V,有内阻),
F.电源(电动势6V,有内阻),
G.滑动变阻器(阻值范围0～50Ω,额定电流1.5A),还有若干电键和导线.
1.如果采用图1所示的电路测定电流表A的内电阻并且要想得到较高的精
确度,那末从以上备用的器件中,可变电阻R1应选用 ,可变电阻R2应选用 ,电源ε应选用 .(用字母代号填写
)
2.如果实验时要进行的步骤有:
A.合上K1;
B.合上K2;
C.观察R1的阻值是否最大,如果不是,将R1的阻值调至最大;
D.调节R1的阻值,使电流表指针偏转到满刻度;
E.调节R2的阻值,使电流表指针偏转到满刻度的一半;
F.记下R2的阻值.
把以上步骤的字母代号按实验的合理顺序填写在下面横线上空白处: ① ;② ;③ ;④ ;⑤ ;⑥ .
3.如果在步骤F中所得R2的阻值为600欧姆,则图1中电流表的内电阻Rg的测量值为 欧姆.
(2)如果要将第(1)小题中的电流表A改装成量程为0～5V的伏特表,则
改装的方法是跟电流表 联一个阻值为 欧姆的电阻.
(3)图2所示器件中,一部分是将电流表改装为伏特表所需的,其余是为
了把改装成的伏特表跟标准伏特表进行核对所需的.首先在下面空白处画出改装和核对都包括在内的电路图(要求对0～5V的所有刻度都能在实验中进行核对),然后在图2上画出连线,将所示器件按以上要求连接成实验电路.
四、(26分) 第(1)到第(3)小题,每题7分;第(4)小题5分.
(1)根据牛顿运动定律证明:两物体沿一直线运动,相互作用但不受外力时,它们的总动量保持不变.
篇二：2015高考英语模拟试题附详细答案
高三年级第一次月考 A卷
满分120分
第一节：单项填空（共20小题；每小题0.5分，满分10分）
从A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项选项的标号涂黑。
1. — Susan, will you please go and empty the rubbish?
— ______? A. Why me
recently started.
A. a; theA. left
English.
A. which
A. what B. whether B. those C. how C. that D. that D. one 5. Our understanding of education, work and society is different from ______ of the earlier generation.
6. Syria's foreign ministry yesterday accused Israel ______ working with "terrorist groups" after it carried out two strikes against Syrian targets.
A. of
A. theory B. with B. regulationC. on C. procedure
C. answering D. against D. assumption D. being answered7. My calculations were based on the ______ that house prices would remain steady. 8. The story is moving, and the questions, I suppose, are not so difficult as they appear ______.A. to answer B. to be answered
—Thanks. Hope for further cooperation.
B. which
B. negativeC. where C. flexibleD. what D. sensible 9. —We’ll take the conditions into careful consideration ______ you have attached to this contract. A. asA. sensitive
world.
A. coming
A. transformed B. having come B. skipped C. to come C. adjusted D. to be coming D. switched 12. She started studying medicine at college, but ______ to Business Studies in her second year.
13.—Has your father returned from Europe yet?
—Yes, but he ______ here for only three days before his company sent him to America.
A. was B. has been
C. will be D. would be 14. Steve has to get up at 5:00 A.M. to get to school. ______ this , he has never missed a class.A. In contrast to A. came toB. Apart from B. came across C. In addition to D. In spite of C. came intoD. came through 15. The other day he ______ a dollar bill in the suit he was sending to the cleaner’s.
16. —Bob! How’s your project? I heard you started it last Friday, right?
—Oh! I ______ for it. But I haven’t decided when to do it.
B. So what C. What for D. How come 2. Nowadays ______ Internet is becoming increasingly popular and ______ new high speed broadband network was B. the; aB. leaving C. a; aC. to leave D. the; the D. having left 3. Most of us manage our physical health better than our emotional health, ______ problems to cause real harm. 4. Anyone who applies for the position must meet the requirement ______ he or she should have a good command of 10. The elderly need special care in winter, as they are ______ to the sudden change of weather. 11. If water becomes increasingly scarce in decades ______, water shortage will become a hot issue all over the
A. had prepared B. was preparingC. have been preparing D. have prepared
17. I saw a woman running toward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she was, she had
run back in the direction ______ she had come.
A. of whichB. from where C. in which D. from which
18. —Haven’t seen Lucy recently. What’s happened?
—Oh, it’s more than two months ______ she worked here.
A. before
A. should B. after C. since
D. when three years. D. can D. would have come 19. The company is quite honest and guarantees the new product ______ be under warranty for B. shall C. will B. did come 20. I was really busy these days, otherwise I _______ to your birthday party last night.A. cameC. should have come
第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—40 各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，
选出最佳选项。
American medical researchers have just reported the first scientific proof that even a small amount of exercise will were very famous in America. It involved (涉及Harvard between 1916 and 1950.
The their research in 1960. They collected a lot and studied the of how much they walked, how each week. The scientists about height, pressure and family records of heart disease. Their research the chance of death from a number of diseases. They also concluded that sports and weight. never exercised. One of the scientists said the most was that people who do not exercise have more heart diseases, but realize the to get them to exercise now them to. They take the doctors' advice very seriously and they want to keep healthy and have a longer life.
21. A. learn B. remember C. live D. work
22. A. where B. who C. which D. all
23. A. attended B. passed C. entered D. visited
24. A. began B. finished C. stopped D. discovered
25. A. advice B. facts C. truth D. ideas
26 A. care B. research C. practice D. history
27. A. reported B. counted C. tested D. studied
28. A. paces B. steps C. races D. blackboards
29. A. could B. should C. used D. did
30. A. information B. knowledge C. message D. news
31. A. air B. water C. blood D. strength
32. A. reduce B. slow C. lose D. miss
33. A. increased B. kept C. built up D. harmed
34. A. losing B. putting on C. leaving D. remaining
35. A. beat B. strike C. attack D. break
36. A. invention B. discovery C. subject D. plan
37. A. will B. won't C. did D. didn't
38. A. know B. cure C. get D. cause
39. A. important B. necessary C. harder D. easier
40. A. advise B. agree C. hope D. lead
第三节：阅读理解（第一节２０小题，第二节５小题； 每小题２分，满分５０分）
1.阅读下列短文， 从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题纸上将该选项标
号涂黑。
A
Four Efficient Ways to Improve Your Speech
1. Use More Facial Expression
One psychologist feels that our facial expression is responsible more than anything else for the impression others have of us. In fact, more than 50 percent of another’s impression, he believes, is influenced by the look on your face. Naturally a smile in which the eyes participate is extremely communicative. An unfriendly look often brings the same thing in return. People tend to mirror your expression, so try to show how you feel about a topic or an idea or the audience through your facial expression.
2. Rid Your Inner Fear
It's natural to have some tension or nervousness when you appear before an audience. The way to handle it is to put it to work for you, get into action, as Shakespeare observed, action cures fear. There are only a few known ways to control fear. The first is to admit it, do the thing you fear and it will be the death of fear itself. Another simple aid at the last minute before you begin, is to take a few deep breaths, this will help get the butterflies in formation and also keep your voice under control. In fact, if you’re thoroughly prepared, just taking a few deep breaths before you’re introduced will give you added confidence and balance. Other known ways to control nervousness and fear are to give yourself an encouraging talk or take some physical exercise.
3. Polish Your Voice
Our voice is the main instrument we possess for communicating with people, we’re all sound sensitive. So invest in a tape recorder, practise your speech by speaking it into the microphone then listen to it. You can even have others join in the evaluation of your strong points and your weaknesses or faults as well. Remember that Demosthenes and Winston Churchill both used pebbles in their mouths while practising their speaking. Simply reading out loud can also help you improve your voice and develop a personal style.
4. Strengthen Your Memory
Psychologists tell us that most individuals don’t use above ten percent of their natural capacity for memory, that’s comparable to trying to run a car on one cylinder(汽缸). Why do most people use so little of their power of memory? Because they don’t practise the fundamentals of remembering. First and most important, it’s necessary to have a burning desire to remember, it’s difficult to recall anything without wanting to do so. Step number two is concentration. Hey Ward Beecher once observed, one hour of intense concentration can accomplish more than years of dreaming. The next principle is repetition, we learned many things in school by rote by repetition, when you hear a name for the first time repeat it, spell it, write it down, review it, you’ll soon know it by heart.
41. To make a good impression on others, you should pay special attention to your ______.
A. voiceB. gestures C. facial expression D. words
42. Which of the ways to rid yourself of your inner fear is NOT included in the passage?
A. take a deep breath B. take some physical exercise
C. keep your voice under control D. encourage yourself
43. You can improve our voice by ______.
A. listening to the tape B. imitating others
C. keeping pebbles in your mouth D. reading out loud
44. According to the article, which of the following is true?
A. We can strengthen our memory by practising.
B. We can remember things longer if we do not try to remember them on purpose.
C. Hey Ward Beacher believes that repetition is the key to long memory.
D. We can only remember names sooner by repeating them.
B.
Many educators recommend that parents find a quiet place for children to do homework away from the noise and distractions of family activities(Strother, 1984). Certainly, children will seek the help of parents with the spelling of a word, a difficult math problem, or confusing directions and teachers will occasionally assign projects that require the assistance of parents. Most parents will also assume responsibility for monitoring children's homework. But, it is often understood that homework is the child's responsibility, not the parents' (Keith, 1986).
The parents I interviewed indicated that, for their children, homework was rarely an independent activity. Diane Riggs, for example, continually referred to her son's homework in our interview as "our homework" - and so it was for most of the parents I interviewed. In these families, homework was a collaborative activity involving children and parents. There were differences in the level of support children required and the kind of assistance parents were capable of providing, but, if homework made significant demands on the time of students who struggled in school, it made similar demands on their parents. Carol Dumay strongly regretted the fact that when her daughter Georgina was in first and second grade she wasn't able to do her homework independently. " was a problem. I had to sit right there with her. I couldn't leave her on her own . . . 'cause she didn't work independently. She always wanted you there, to help her."
Betty Blake indicated that her son Timmy required a high level of support with math problems. "I understand that I have to help with homework," she told me, "but the depth in which I have to help him with his homework is what frustrates me. Like, I don't understand how come he is not picking this up at school. He should be able to just come home and do the work." But, since Timmy could not "just come home and do the work," his homework was also his mother's homework.
Many parents of elementary school children, like Carol Dumay and Betty Blake, told me that their children needed constant support while they did homework, but even parents of older students indicated that their daughters and sons often insisted that a parent sit with them while they did homework. Edna Bunker spoke of her thirteen-year-old son Mike's need for her to "be there" while he did his homework:
Mike wants someone to sit one-on-one with him . And so I'll do that for a while. But I get frustrated too because it goes on and on and on. It's not like he can just sit there and get the stuff done quickly. It goes on and on . . . and so it's frustrating.
The parents I interviewed spend considerable time and emotional energy getting children to complete homework assignments. But, feeling the pressure for their children to do well at school, parents frequently took on roles that went beyond either monitoring homework or helping children with homework assignments.
45. The following people have something in common except ______.
A. EdnaB. Keith C. Diane D. Betty
46. We can learn from the passage what Betty Blake really complained was that ______.
A. her son always had more homework than he could finish
B. her son’s homework was too difficult for a primary school student
C. her son simply wanted her to sit with him every day
D. what her son learned at school seemed not enough for his homework
47. The author included Mike’s case in the passage to indicate that ______.
A. younger children need constant support.
B. even older children fail to work at their homework independently
C. boy students are relatively more independent than girl students
D. It is important to form a good habit at an early age.
48. Which of the following is the author likely to agree with?
A. Parents should stay away from their children’s homework.
B. Students’ homework is becoming too demanding.
C. Parents should monitor and help with their children’s homework.
D. With the help of parents, children can do well at school.
49. The passage is probably part of a research essay on ______.
A. parents’ involvement in their children’s homework
B. children’s ability to accomplish their homework
C. the role of homework in children’s development
D. how parents can help their children with their homework
C.
What Would Happen If Every Element On The Periodic Table Came Into Contact Simultaneously?
There are two ways to go about testing this, neither of which are practical. One requires the energy of dozens of Large Hadron Colliders(强子对撞机). The other could produce a large pot of flaming plutonium(钚). Both, however, would probably create carbon monoxide and a pile of rust and salts rather than a cool Frankenstein element.
If you throw single atoms of each element into a box, they won’t form a super-molecule containing one of everything, explains Mark Tuckerman, a theoretical chemist at New York University. Atoms cons(本文来自：Www.dXF5.com 东星资源 网:1984高考英语)ist of a nucleus of neutrons and protons with a set number of electrons circulating around them. Molecules form when atoms’ electron orbitals extend over each other and effectively hold the atoms together. What you get when you mix all your atoms, Tuckerman says, will be influenced by what’s close to what.
Oxygen, for example, is very reactive, and if it is closest to hydrogen, it will make hydroxide. If it is nearest to carbon, it will make carbon monoxide. ―That random reactive nature applies to pretty much all elements,‖ Tuckerman says. ―You could run this experiment 100 times and get 100 different combinations.‖ Certain elements, such as the noble gases(惰性气体), wouldn’t react with anything, so you’d be left with those and a few commonly found two- and three-atom molecules.
Ramming(锤击) the atoms together at 99.999 percent the speed of light-the top speed of particles in the Large Hadron Collider, at the CERN particle physics lab near Geneva-might mix a few nuclei together, but it won’t make that cool Frankenstein element. More likely, they would meld into a quark-gluon plasma(夸克胶子浆), the theoretical matter that existed right after the universe formed. ―But they would last for a fraction of a second before degrading,‖ Tuckerman says. ―Plus, you’d need 118 LHCs-one to accelerate each element-to get it done.‖
The other approach, as explained by John Stanton, the director of the Institute for Theoretical Chemistry at the University of Texas, would be to throw a powdered piece of each element or a puff of each gas into a sealed container and see what happens. No one has ever tried this experiment either, but here’s how Stanton thinks things would play out: ―The oxygen gas would react with lithium(锂) or sodium(钠) and start to burn, raising the temperature in the container to the point that all hell would break loose. Powdered graphite(石墨) carbon would start to burn, too. There are roughly 25 radioactive elements, and they would make your flaming stew a little dangerous. Flaming plutonium is a very bad thing. Breathing in airborne radioactive material can cause rapid death.‖
Once things calmed down, Stanton says, the result would be as boring as the atoms-only scenario. Carbon and oxygen would produce carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Nitrogen gas is very stable, and would remain as is. The noble gases wouldn’t react, nor would a few of the metals, like gold and platinum, which are mostly found in their pure forms. The things that do react will form rust and salts. ―Thermodynamics(热力学) wins again,‖ he says. ―Things will always achieve balance, and in this case that’s a mix of common, stable compounds.‖
50. According to the article, we can learn that if we put all the elements on the periodic table into one container,
篇三：2011-2015年高考英语全国卷(含答案)
2011年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语
本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。第一卷1至12页。第二卷13至14页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一卷
注意事项：
1. 答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2. 每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在试卷上。
第一部分 英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）
第一节 语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）1高1考1资1源1网1 从A, B, C, D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
例：have
答案是C。
1． 3． 5．
第二节 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
从A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂 黑。
例：It is generally considered unwise to give a childhe or she wants.
A. however B. whatever
C. whichever D. whenever
答案是B。
6.----Did you forget about my birthday?
I‘ve booked a table at Michel‘s restaurant for this evening.
A. What then? B. I‘m afraid so.
C. how could I? D. For sure.
in such weather.
A. this B. that C. what D. which
8.If you A. can B. should C. must D. may
9.If you don't like the drink you______just leave it and try a different one.
A. ordered B. are ordering C. will order D. had ordered
10.Mary,I_____John of his promise to help you.
A. told B. reminded C. warned D. advised
;My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.
A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing
another to play it well yourself.
A. quite B. very C. rather D. much
13.Jane won‘t join us for dinner tonight and A. neither won‘t Tom B. Tom won‘t either
C. Tom will too D. so will Tom
further notice.
A. with B. until C. for D. at
15.The island,to the mainland by a bridge,is easy to go to.
A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined
16.As he reached front door,Jack saw strange sight.
A. the;不填 B. a;the C. 不填a D. the;a
17．Mr.Stevenson is great to work for --I really couldn't ask for a＿boss.
A. better B. good C. best D. still better
18．Sarah pretended to be cheerful,______nothing about the argument.
A. says B:said C. to say D. saying
19.It was a nice meal,_______a little expensive.
A. though B. whether C. as D. since
20.-----So you gave her your phone?
-----______she said she'd return it to me when she could afford her own.
A. My pleasure B. Not exactly C. No doubt D. All right
第三节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项飞并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
There are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere.We can see there fall asleep on the shoulder of the to where unplanned （打鼾）（尴尬）situation occurs when a student starts falling into sleep and the ___30___of the head pushes the arm off the movement carries the body along.The student wakes up on the floor with getting there.The worst time to fall asleep is when reports are full of occur when people fall into sleep and road.If the drivers are are not seriously hurt.One woman's into the river.She woke up in four feet of thought it was
raining.When people are really ，nothing will stop them from falling asleep --no matter where they are.
21. A. way B. track C. path D. road
22. A. buying B. folding C. delivering D. reading
23. A. acts B. shows C. appears D. sounds
24. A. open B. eat C. find D. finish
25. A. lying B. waiting C. talking D. sitting
26. A. Next B. Every C. Another D. One
27. A. goes on B. ends up C. lasts D. returns
28. A. bravely B. happily C. loudly D. carelessly
29. A. leave B. shake C. keep D. watch
30. A. size B. shape C. weight D. strength
31. A. cushion B. desk C. shoulder D. book
32. A. action B. position C. rest D. side
33. A. memory B. reason C. question D. purpos
34. A. thinking B. working C. walking D. driving
35. A. changes B. events C. ideas D. accidents
36. A. up B. off C. along D. down
37. A. lucky B. awake C. calm D. strong
38. A. in time B. at first C. as usual D. for example
39. A. dust B. water C. grass D. bush
40. A. tired B. drunk C. lonely D. lazy
第二部分阅读理解（共25小题。第一节每小题2分，第二节每小题1分；满分45分）
第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A, B, C和D）中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Since 1984, Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one, graffiti-covered walls are being changed into outdoor art. So far, more than 1,800 murals（壁画）have been painted. Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city.
The walls that were once ugly with graffiti（涂鸦）are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes schools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphia's Anti-Graffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAP's artistic director. "When people ask me what our program is about," she says, "I answer them with one word: hope." Each year, the MAP offers youth art programs and workshops. Some one-time graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.
The MAP's work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community（社区）．When a neighborhood requests a mural, the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been "Safe Streets," "Love and Care," and "Peace Walk."
The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year, the workers painted
140 murals.
"The making of a mural enters people's collective memory as an extraordinary, pleasant moment in neighborhood history" says Golden, who began as a muralist in Los Angeles.
41．What can be the best title for the text?
A. Love, from Graffiti Writers to Muralists
B. MAP, a New Company in Philadelphia
C. Jane, an Excellent Mural Artist
D. Hope, One Wall at a Time
42. What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?
A. Helping the young find jobs.
B. Protecting the neighborhood.
C. Fighting against graffiti.
D. Attracting more visitors.
43．How does the MAP decide on the message for a mural?
A. By having discussions with people in the community.
B．By seeking advice from the city government.
C．By learning from the young graffiti writers.
D. By studying the history of the city.
44. Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?
A. Difficult. B．Dangerous. C. Experimental．D. Successful.
B
For those who study the development of intelligence（智力）in the animal world, self-awareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware（意识）of itself has a high level of intelligence.
Awareness can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image（反射出的影像）.Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying evry little attention to the reflected image. Only humans, and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins, have shown to recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.
Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror self-reflection test.
―We thought that elephants were the next important animal,‖ said Dinana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M.Plotnik and Fans B.M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains, Reiss said, elephants ―seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.‖
The researchers tested Happy, Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the Bronx Zoo.They put an 8-foot-square mirror on a wall of the animals‘ play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.
The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it, and to examine parts of their bodies.
Of the three, Happy then passed the test, in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch
the mark with her long nose.
Diana Reiss said, "We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intelligence in a better way."
45. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?
A. Whether they have large brains.
B．Whether they have self-awareness.
C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises.
D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.
46. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?
A. They are most familiar to readers.
B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors.
C. They are included in the study by Reiss.
D. They are already known to be intelligent.
47. What made Happy different from Maxine and Patty?
A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.
B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.
C. She painted a mark on her own face.
D. She found the hidden camera.
C
Student Membership--Cambridge Arts Cinema
Cambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home of the internationally celebrated Cambridge Film Festival. Since 1947 generations of students have discovered the
wealth of world cinema. Now you too can make most of it and save money.
48. Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?