篇一：2015年英语高考试题及答案解析 全国卷1
2015·全国卷Ⅰ(英语)
第Ⅰ卷
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
C4[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]
A
Monthly talks at London Canal Museum
Our monthly talks start at 19：30 on the first Thursday of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you don't need to book. They end around 21：00. The Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal planning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”．
Ice for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and catering. Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how London's ice trade grew. An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer. We will have a report on the present state of play. Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest.
Online bookings：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book
More info：www.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson
London Canal Museum
12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT
www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi
Tel：020 7713 0836
21．When is the talk on James Brindley?
A．February 6th.
B．March 6th.
C．November 7th.
D．December 5th.
22. What is the topic of the talk in February?
A．The Canal Pioneers.
B．Ice for the Metropolis.
C．Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands.
D．An Update on the Cotswold Canals.
23. Who will give the talk on the islands in the Thames?
A．Miranda Vickers.
B．Malcolm Tucker.
C．Chris Lewis.
D．Liz Payne.
【要点综述】 此文主要介绍了伦敦运河博物馆四个月份的讲座安排。
21．C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.”及其所对应的日期November 7th，可知选C。
22．D 细节理解题。根据文章第四段前两句“An Update on the Cotswold Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.”可以得出答案。故选D。
23．A 细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的“Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them.”可知做报告的人是Miranda Vickers。故选A。
C2[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]
B
The freezing north-east hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say “sunshine”. I left for the land of warmth and vitamin C(维生素C), thinking of beaches and orange trees. When we touched down to blue skies and warm air, I sent up a small prayer of gratefulness. Swimming pools, wine tasting, and pink sunsets(at normal evening hours, not 4 in the afternoon) filled the weekend, but the best part—particularly to my taste, dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables—was a 7 am adventure to the Sarasota farmers' market that proved to be more than worth the early wake-up call.
The market, which was founded in 1979, sets up its tents every Saturday from 7 am to 1 pm, rain or shine, along North Lemon and State streets. Baskets of perfect red strawberries; the red-painted sides of the Java Dawg coffee truck; and most of all, the tomatoes: amazing, large, soft and round red tomatoes.
Disappointed by many a broken, vine-ripened(蔓上成熟的) promise, I've refused to buy winter tomatoes for years. No matter how attractive they look in the store, once I get them home they're unfailingly dry, hard, and tasteless. But I homed in, with uncertainty, on one particular table at the Brown's Grove Farm's stand, full of fresh and soft tomatoes the size of my fist. These were the real deal—and at that moment, I realized that the best part of Sarasota in winter was going to be eating things that back home in New York I wouldn't be experiencing again for months.
Delighted as I was by the tomatoes in sight, my happiness deepened when I learned that Brown's Grove Farm is one of the suppliers for Jack Dusty, a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night. Without even seeing the menu, I knew I'd be ordering every tomato on it.
24. What did the author think of her winter life in New York?
A．Exciting. B．Boring.
C．Relaxing. D．Annoying.
25. What made the author's getting up early worthwhile?
A．Having a swim.
B．Breathing in fresh air.
C．Walking in the morning sun.
D．Visiting a local farmers' market.
26. What can we learn about tomatoes sold in New York in winter?
A．They are soft.
B．They look nice.
C．They taste great.
D．They are juicy.
27. What was the author going to do that evening?
A．Go to a farm.
B．Check into a hotel.
C．Eat in a restaurant.
D．Buy fresh vegetables.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。作者生活在纽约，但她在佛罗里达州萨拉索塔度过的一个周末让她体验到了不同的冬天。作者赞美了萨拉索塔的新鲜多汁的水果和蔬菜。
24．B 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“The freezing north-east hasn't been a terribly fun place to spend time this winter, so when the chance came for a weekend to Sarasota, Florida, my bags were packed before you could say ‘sunshine’．”可知，作者认为在纽约冬天的生活是令人厌烦的。此处的boring与“?hasn't been a terribly fun place?”是同义表达。故选B。
25．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知，作者认为早上7点到当地的农产品市场是有意义的。故选D。
26．B 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二句可知，纽约的西红柿在商店里看起来是很吸引人的。故选B。
27．C 细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“?a newly opened restaurant at the Sarasota Ritz Carlton, where—luckily for me—I was planning to have dinner that very night.”可知，作者那天晚上计划在餐馆吃饭。故选C。
C5[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]
C
Salvador Dali (1904—1989) was one of the most popular of modern artists. The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more. Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory. There is also L'Enigme sans Fin from 1938, works on paper, objects, and projects for stage and screen and selected parts from television programmes reflecting the artist's showman qualities.
The visitor will enter the World of Dali through an egg and is met with the beginning, the world of birth. The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.
The exhibition shows how Dali draws the viewer between two infinities(无限). “From the infinity small to the infinity large, contraction and expansion coming in and out of focus: amazing Flemish accuracy and the showy Baroque of old painting that he used in his museum-theatre in Figueras，” explains the Pompidou Centre.
The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.
28. Which of the following best describes Dali according to Paragraph 1?
A．Optimistic.B．Productive.
C．Generous. D．Traditional.
29. What is Dali's The Persistence of Memory considered to be?
A．One of his masterworks.
B．A successful screen adaptation.
C．An artistic creation for the stage.
D．One of the best TV programmes.
30. How are the exhibits arranged at the World of Dali?
A．By popularity.
B．By importance.
C．By size and shape.
D．By time and subject.
31. What does the word “contributions” in the last paragraph refer to?
A．Artworks. B．Projects.
C．Donations. D．Documents.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在巴黎 Pompidou Centre举办的著名画家萨尔瓦多·达利的画展。
28．B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二句“The Pompidou Centre in Paris is showing its respect and admiration for the artist and his powerful personality with an exhibition bringing together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.”可知达利是一位多产的画家。故选B。
29．A 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“Among the works and masterworks on exhibition the visitor will find the best pieces, most importantly The Persistence of Memory.”可知The Persistence of Memory是他的杰作之一。故选A。
30．D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句“The exhibition follows a path of time and subject with the visitor exiting through the brain.”可知，展品是根据时间和主题安排的。故选D。
31．A 词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“The fine selection of the major works was done in close collaboration(合作) with the Museo Nacional Reina Sofia in Madrid, Spain, and with contributions from other institutions like the Salvador Dali Museum in St. Petersburg, Florida.”可知选A。
C7[2015·全国卷Ⅰ]
D
Conflict is on the menu tonight at the cafe La Chope. This evening, as on every Thursday night, psychologist Maud Lehanne is leading two of France's favourite pastimes, coffee drinking and the “talking cure”. Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings. It isn't always easy. The customers—some thirty Parisians who pay just under $2 (plus drinks) per session—are quick to intellectualize (高谈阔论)，slow to open up and connect. “You are forbidden to say ‘one feels’， or ‘people think’，” Lehanne told them. “Say ‘I think，’ ‘Think me’．”
A cafe society where no intellectualizing is allowed? It couldn't seem more un-French. But Lehanne's psychology cafe is about more than knowing oneself: it's trying to help the city's troubled neighbourhood cafes. Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home. Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation. Cafes focused around psychology, history, and engineering are catching on, filling tables well into the evening.
The city's “psychology cafes”， which offer great comfort, are among the most popular places. Middle-aged homemakers, retirees, and the unemployed come to such cafes to talk about love, anger, and dreams with a psychologist. And they come to Lehanne's group just to learn to say what they feel. “There's a strong need in Paris for communication，” says Maurice Frisch, a cafe La Chope regular who works as a religious instructor in a nearby church. “People have few real friends. And they need to open up.” Lehanne says she'd like to see psychology cafes all over France. “If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist，”she says.“If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.”But then, it wouldn't be France.
32．What are people encouraged to do at the cafe La Chope?
A．Learn a new subject.
B．Keep in touch with friends.
C．Show off their knowledge.
D．Express their true feelings.
33. How are cafes affected by French lifestyle changes?
A．They are less frequently visited.
B．They stay open for longer hours.
C．They have bigger night crowds.
D．They start to serve fast food.
34. What are theme cafes expected to do?
A．Create more jobs.
B．Supply better drinks.
C．Save the cafe business.
D．Serve the neighbourhood.
35. Why are psychology cafes becoming popular in Paris?
A．They bring people true friendship.
B．They give people spiritual support.
C．They help people realize their dreams.
D．They offer a platform for business links.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国心理咖啡馆的社会意义和功能特色，以及这类咖啡馆在法国越来越受欢迎的原因。
32．D 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句“Here they are learning to get in touch with their true feelings.”可知在La Chope咖啡馆，人们被鼓励表达他们真正的情感。故选D。
33．A 推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle—longer working hours, a fast-food boom and a younger generation's desire to spend more time at home.”可知选A。
34．C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Dozens of new theme cafes appear to change the situation.”可以得出答案。故选C。
35．B 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“‘If people had normal lives, these cafes wouldn't exist，’ she says.‘If life weren't a battle, people wouldn't need a special place just to speak.’But then, it wouldn't be France.”可知， 心理咖啡馆在巴黎受欢迎的原因是它们能给予人们精神上的支持。故选B。
第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
篇二：2016高考英语全国卷一 附答案 word版
2016普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）
英 语 试卷类型A
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）
做题时，现将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例：How much is the shirt?
A. ￡ 19. 15 B. ￡ 9. 18 C. ￡ 9. 15
答案是 C。
1. What are the speakers talking about?
A. Having a birthday party. B. Doing some exercise. C. Getting Lydia a gift.
2. What is the woman going to do?
A. Help the man. B. Take a bus. C. Get a camera.
3. What does the woman suggest the man do?
A. Tell Kate to stop. B. Call Kate, s friends. C. Stay away from Kate.
4. Where does the conversation probably take place?
A. In a wine shop. B. In a supermarket. C. In a restaurant.
5. What does the woman mean?
A. Keep the window closed. B. Go out for fresh air. C. Turn on the fan.
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What is the man going to do this summer?
A. Teach a course. B. Repair his house. C. Work at a hotel.
7. How will the man use the money?
A. To hire a gardener. B. To buy books. C. To pay for a boat trip.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?
A. Schoolmates. B. Colleagues. C. Roommates.
9. What does Frank plan to do right after graduation?
A. Work as a programmer. B. Travel around the world. C. Start his own business.
第二节 （共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题
10. Why does the woman make the call?
A. To book a hotel room.
B. To ask about the room service
C. To make changes ti a reservation
11. When will the women arrive at the hotel?
A. On September 15 B. On September 16 C. On September 23
12. How much will the woman pay her room per night?
A. $179 B. $199 C. $219
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is the woman’s plan for Saturday?
A. Going shopping B. Going camping C. Going boating
14. Where will the woman stay in Keswick?
A. In a country inn B. In a five-star hotel C. In her aunt’s home
15. What will Gordon do over the weekend?
A. Visit his friends B. Watch DVDs C. Join the woman
16. What does the woman think of Gordon’s coming weekend?
A. Relaxed B. Boring C. Busy.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题
17. Who is Wang Ming?
A. A student B. An employer C. An engineer
18. What does the speaker say about the college job market this year?
A. It’s unpredictable B. It’s quite stable C. It’s not optimistic
19. What percentage of student job seekers have found a job by now?
A. 20％ B. 22％ C. 50％
20. Why are engineering graduates more likely to accept a job?
A. They need more work experience
B. The salary is usually good
C. Their choice is limited.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
You probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?
Jane Addams (1860-1935)
Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区) by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need In 1931,Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.
Rachel Carson (1907-1964)
If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.
Sandra Day O’Connor (1930-present)
When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议
员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.
Rosa Parks (1913-2005)
On December 1,1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.
21. What is jane Addams noted for in history?
A. Her social work.
B. Her lack of proper training in law.
C. Her efforts to win a prize.
D. Her community background.
22. What is the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?
A. Her lack of proper training in law.
B. Her little work experience in court.
C. The discrimination against women.
D. The poor financial conditions.
23. Who made a great contribution to the civil-rights movement in the US?
A. Jane Addams. B. Rachel Carson.
C. Sandra Day O’Connor. D. Ross Parks.
24. What can we infer about the women mentioned in the text?
A. They are highly educated. B. They are truly creative.
C. They are pioneers. D. They are peace-lovers.
B
Grandparents Answer a Call
As a third generation native of Brownsville, Texas, Mildred Garza never pleased move away. Even when her daughter and son asked her to move to San Antonio to help their children, she politely refused. Only after a year of friendly discussion did Ms. Gaf finally say yes. That was four years ago. Today all three generations regard the move to a success, giving them a closer relationship than they would have had in separate cities.
No statistics show the number of grandparents like Garza who are moving closer to the children and grandchildren. Yet there is evidence suggesting that the trend is growing. Even President Obama’s mother-in-law, Marian Robinson, has agreed to leave Chicago and into the White House to help care for her granddaughters. According to a study grandparents com. 83 percent of the people said Mrs. Robinson ‘s decision will influence the grandparents in the American family. Two-thirds believe more families will follow the example of Obama’s family.
“In the 1960s we were all a little wild and couldn’t get away from home far enough fast enough to prove we could do it on our own,” says Christine Crosby, publisher of Grate magazine for grandparents. We now realize how important family is and how important to be near them, especially when you’re raining children.”
Moving is not for everyone. Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices, but sometimes it is wiser to say no and visit frequently instead. Having your grandchildren far away is hard, especially knowing your adult child is struggling, but giving up the life you know may be harder.
25. Why was Garza’s move a success?
A. It strengthened her family ties.
B. It improved her living conditions.
C. It enabled her make more friends.
D. It helped her know more new places.
26. What was the reaction of the public to Mrs. Robinson’s decision?
A. 17% expressed their support for it.
B. Few people responded sympathetically.
C. 83% believed it had a bad influence.
D. The majority thought it was a trend.
27. What did Crosby say about people in the 1960s?
A. They were unsure of raise more children.
B. They were eager to raise more children.
C. They wanted to live away from their parents.
D. They bad little respect for their grandparent.
28. What does the author suggest the grandparents do in the last paragraph?
A. Make decisions in the best interests’ of their own
B. Ask their children to pay more visits to them
C. Sacrifice for their struggling children
D. Get to know themselves better
C
I am Peter Hodes, a volunteer stem courier. Since March 2012, I've done 89 trips of those , 51 have been abroad, I have 42 hours to carry stem cells（干细胞）in my little box because I've got two ice packs and that's how long they last, in all, from the time the stem cells are harvested from a donor(捐献者) to the time they can be implanted in the patient, we’ve got 72 hours at most, So I am always conscious of time.
I had one trip last year where I was caught by a hurricane in America. I picked up the stem cells in Providence, Rhode Island, and was meant to fly to Washington then back to London. But when I arrived at the check-in desk at Providence, the lady on the desk said: “Well, I’m really sorry, I’ve got some bad news for you-there are no fights from Washington.” So I took my box and put it on the desk and I said: “In this box are some stem cells that are urgently needed for a patient-please, please, you’ve got to get me back to the United Kingdom.” She just dropped everything. She arranged for a flight on a small plane to be held for me. re-routed(改道) me through Newark and got me back to the UK even earlier than originally scheduled.
For this courier job, you’re consciously aware than that box you’re got something that is potentially going to save somebody’s life.
29. Which of the following can replace the underlined word “courier” in Paragraph17
A. provider B. delivery man
C. collector D. medical doctor
30. Why does Peter have to complete his trip within 42hours?
A. He cannot stay away from his job too long.
B. The donor can only wait for that long.
C. The operation needs that very much.
D. The ice won't last any longer.
31. Which flight did the woman put Peter on first?
A. To London B. To Newark
C. To Providence D. To Washington
D
The meaning of silence varies among cultural groups. Silences may be thoughtful, or they may be empty when a person has nothing to say. A silence in a conversation may also show stubbornness, or worry. Silence may be viewed by some cultural groups as extremely uncomfortable; therefore attempts may be made to fill every gap(间隙) with conversation. Persons in other cultural groups value silence and view it as necessary for understanding a person's needs.
Many Native Americans value silence and feel it is a basic part of communicating among people, just as some traditional Chinese and Thai persons do. Therefore, when a person from one of these cultures is speaking and suddenly stops, what maybe implied(暗示) is that the person wants the listener to consider what has been said before continuing. In these cultures, silence is a call for reflection.
Other cultures may use silence in other ways, particularly when dealing with conflicts among people or in relationships of people with different amounts of power. For example, Russian, French, and Spanish persons may use silence to show agreement between parties about the topic under discussion. However, Mexicans may use silence when instructions are given by a person in authority rather than be rude to that person by arguing with him or her. In still another use, persons in Asian cultures may view silence as a sign of respect, particularly to an elder or a person in authority.
Nurses and other care-givers need to be aware of the possible meanings of silence when they come across the personal anxiety their patients may be experiencing. Nurses should recognize their own personal and cultural construction of silence so that a patient’s silence is not interrupted too early or allowed to go on unnecessarily. A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.
32.What does the author say about silence in conversations?
A. It implies anger.
B. It promotes friendship.
C. It is culture-specific.
D. It is content-based.
33.Which of the following people might regard silence as a call for careful thought?
A. The Chinese.
B. The French.
C. The Mexicans.
D. The Russians.
34.What does the author advise nurses to do about silence?
A. Let it continue as the patient pleases.
B. Break it while treating patients.
C. Evaluate its harm to patients.
D. Make use of its healing effects.
35.What may be the best title for the text?
篇三：2012至2015高考英语全国卷阅读理解汇编(精校版)
A（12新课标）
Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids to? Try some of these places. ·Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making land-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings（签名） by children's favorite writers, and even musical performances and other arts.
·Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.
·Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.
·Try hands-on science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums. A. a YoutheaterB. an art museum C. a natural history museumD. a hands-on science museum 57. What can kids do at a Youtheater?A. Look at rock collections. B. See dinosaur models. C. Watch puppet making. D. Give performances. 58. What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph? A. Science games designed by kids.B. Learning science by doing things. C. A show of kids' science work.D. Reading science books. 59. Where does this text probably come from? A. A science textbook. B. A tourist map. C. A museum guide.D. A news report.
B（12新课标）
Honey from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.
The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees‘ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.
Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit. 60. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest? A. It's small in size. B. It's hidden in trees. C. It's covered with wax.D. It's hard to recognize. 61. What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. A bee. B. A bird. C. A honey seeker.D. A beekeeper. 62. The honey guide is special in the way____________.A. it gets its food B. it goes to churchC. it sings in the forest D. it reaches into bees' nests 63. What can be the best title for the text? A. Wild Bees B. Wax and Honey C. Beekeeping in Africa D. Honey-Lover's Helper
C（12新课标）
About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a crowd-scene. Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.
We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow". Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.
The next scene was a complete contrast (对比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water‘s edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!
Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film "stars"! 64. Who is the author? A. A cameraman.B. .A film director.C. A crowd-scene actor. D. A workman for scene setting. 65. What made the author feel cold? A. The heavy snowfall. B. The man-made scene.
C. The low temperature. D. The film being shown.
66. What would happen in the "three minutes" mentioned in the last paragraph? A. A new scene would be filmed.B. More stars would act in the film. C. The author would leave the studio. D. The next scene would be prepared.
D（12新课标）
Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.
One explanation is the law of overlearning , which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time, we will remember it.
In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn. The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.
The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development. 67. What is the main idea of paragraph I?
A. People remember well what they learned in childhood. B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups. C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words. D. Stories for children arc easy to remember.
68. The author explains the law of overlearning by_________. A. presenting research findings B. selling down general rules C. making a comparison D. using examples
69. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______. A. a result of overlearning B. a special case of cramming C. a skill to deal with math problemsD. a basic step towards advanced studies 70. What is the author's opinion on cramming? A. It leads(本文来自：WWw.DXF5.com 东 星 资 源 网:高考英语全国卷阅读) to failure in college exams.B. It's helpful only in a limited way. C. It's possible to result in poor memory.D. It increases students' learning interest. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Kids’ health: Four steps for fighting stress
—like screaming or hitting someone – don‘t solve (解决) much. But other ways, like talking to someone you trust, can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.
Try taking these four steps the next time you are stressed: (1) Get support. When you need help, reach out to the people who care about you. Talk to a trusted
adult, such as a parent or other They might have had similar problems, such dealing with a test, or the death of a beloved pet.
(2) Don’t take it out on yourself. Sometimes when kids are stressed and upset they take it out on
themselves. Oh, dear, that‘s not a good idea. Remember that there are always people to help you. Don‘(3) Try to solve the problem. After you‘re calm and you have support from adults and friends, it‘s
‘t solve it all, you can solve a piece of it.
(4) Be positive. Most stress is temporary(暂时的). Remember stress does go away, especially when
you figure out the problem and start working on solving it.
These steps aren‘t magic, but they do work. And if you can stay positive as you make your way through a tough time, you‘
A. Ask for a helping hand to get you through the tough situation. B. Notice your friends‘ feelings and find a way to help them. C. Different people feel stress in different ways. D. Ah, it feels so good when the stress is gone. E. You need to figure out what the problem is. F. And don‘t forget about your friends. G. Then, find a way to calm down.
A（12大纲卷）
Cold weather can be hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.
Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you‘re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.
If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet‘s water. Sometimes owners don‘t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can‘t get anything to drink. Animals that don‘t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them. 41. What do we learn about pets from Paragraph 1? A. They are often forgotten by their owners. B. They are used to living outdoors. C. They build their won shelter.D. They like to stay in warm places. 42. Why are pet owners asked to stay with their pets when they are out in cold weather? A. To know when to bring them inside. B. To keep them from eating bad food. C. To help them find shelters.D. To keep them company. 43. If pets are left on their own outdoors in cold weather, they may ___. A. run short of clean water B. dig deep holes for fun C. dirty the snow nearby D. get lost in the wild 44. What is the purpose of this text? A. To solve a problem.B. To give practical advice. C. To tell an interesting story.D. To present a research result.
B （12大纲卷）
You may think that sailing is a difficult sport, but it is really not hard to learn it. You do not need to be strong. But you need to be quick. And you need to understand a few basic rules about the wind.
First, you must ask yourself, ―Where is the wind coming from? Is it coming from ahead or behind or from the side?‖ You must think about this all the time on the boat. The wind direction tells you what to do with the sail.
Let‘s start with the wind blowing from the behind. This means the wind and the boat are going in the same direction. Then you must always keep the sail outside the boat. It should be at a 90° angle (角度) to the boat. Then it will catch the wind best.
If the wind is blowing from the side, it is blowing across the boat. In this case, you must keep the sail half way outside the boat. It should be at a 45°it shouldn‘t flap (摆动). It shouldn‘t look like a flag on a flagpole. If it is flapping, it is probably out too far, and
the boat will slow down.
Sailing into the wind is not possible. If you try, the sail will flap and the boat will stop. You may want to go in that direction. It is possible, but you can‘t go in a straight line. You must go first in one direction and then in another. This is called tacking. When you are tacking, you must always keep the sail inside the boat. 45. What should you consider first while sailing? A. Sailors‘ strength. B. Wave levels.C. Wind directions. D. Size of sails. 46. What does the word ―It‖ underlined in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. The boat.B. The wind.C. The sail. D. The angle. 47. What do you have to do when sailing against the wind? A. Move in a straight line. B. Allow the sail to flap. C. Lower the sail. D. Tack the boat. 48. Where can you probably find the text? A. In a popular magazine. B. In a tourist guidebook. C. In a physics textbook. D. In an official report.
C （12大纲卷）
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman‘s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don‘t smile enough. In Southeast Asian culture, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to ―read‖ people from another culture as we would ―read‖ someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of ―reading‖ the other person incorrectly.
49. What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?
A. Love. B. Politeness. C. Joy. D. Thankfulness.
50. The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that smile can ___ . A. show friendliness to strangers B. be used to hide true feelings C. be used in the wrong places D. show personal habits 51. What should we do before attempting to ―read‖ people?
A. Learn about their relations with others. B. Understand their cultural backgrounds. C. Find out about their past experience. D. Figure out what they will do next. 52. What would be the best title for the test? A. Cultural Differences B. Smiles and Relationship C. Facial Expressiveness D. Habits and Emotions
D （12大纲卷）
ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia – One of the world‘s most famous fossils (化石) – the 3.2 million-year-old Lucy skeleton (骨骼) unearthed in Ethiopia in 1974 – will go on an exhibition tour abroad for the first time in the United States, officials said Tuesday.
Even the Ethiopian public has only seen Lucy twice. The Lucy on exhibition at the Ethiopian National A team from the Museum of National Science in Houston, Texas, spent four years discussing with the Ethiopians for the U.S. tour, which will start in Houston next September.
―Ethiopia‘s rich culture of both the past and today, is one of the best kept secrets in the world,‖ said Joel Bartsch, director of the Houston museum.
The six-year tour will also go to Washington, New York, Denver and Chicago. Officials said six other U.S. cities may be on the tour. But they said plans had not been worked out.
Travelling with Lucy will be 190 other fossils.
Lucy, her name taken from a Beatles song that played in a camp the night of her discovery, is part of the skeleton of what was once a 31
2
-foot-tall ape-man (猿人).
53. The author writes this text mainly to ___ . A. introduce a few U.S. museums B. describe some research work C. discuss the value of an ape-man D. report a coming event 54. What does the words ―a replica‖ in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. A painting of the skeleton.B. A photograph of Lucy C. A copy of the skeleton.D. A written record of Lucy. 55. How many cities has Lucy‘s U.S. tour plan already included? A. Four.B. Five. C. Six. D. Eleven. 56. What was the skeleton named after? A. An ape-man.B. A song. C. A singer.D. A camp.
E （12大纲卷） Make Up Your Mind to Succeed
Kind-hearted parents have unknowingly left their children defenseless against failure. The generation born between 1980 and 2001 grew up playing sports where scores and performance were played down because ―everyone‘s a winter.‖ And their report cards sounded more positive (正面的) than ever before. As a result, Stanford University professor Carol Dweck, PhD, calls them ―the overpraised generation.‖
Dweck has been studying how people deal with failure for 40 years. Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it. Here‘s how they work:
A fixed mind-set is grounded in the belief that talent (才能) is genetic – you‘re a born artist, point guard, or numbers person. The fixed mind-set believes it‘s sure to succeed without much effort and regards failure as personal shame. When things get difficult, it‘s quick to blame, lie, and even stay away from future difficulties.
On the other hand, a growth mind-set believes that no talent is entirely heaven-sent and that effort and learning make everything possible. Because the ego (自尊) isn‘t on the line as much, the growth mind-set sees failure as a chance rather than shame. When faced with a difficulty, it‘s quick to rethink, change and try again. In fact, it enjoys this experience.
We are all born with growth mind-sets. (Otherwise, we wouldn‘t be able to live in the world.) But parents, teachers, and instructors often push us into fixed mind-sets by encouraging certain actions and misdirecting praise. Dweck‘s book, Mind-set: The New Psychology of Success, and online instructional program explain this in depth. But she says there are many little things you can start doing today to make sure that your children, grandchildren and even you are never defeated by failure. 57. What does the author think about the present generation? A. They don‘t do well at school.B. They are often misunderstood. C. They are eager to win in sports. D. They are given too much praise. 58. A fixed mind-set person is probably one who _________ . A. doesn‘t want to work hard B. cares a lot about personal safety C. cannot share his ideas with others D. can succeed with the help of teachers 59. What does the growth mind-set believe?
A. Admitting failure is shameful. B. Talent comes with one‘s birth. C. Scores should be highly valued. D. Getting over difficulties is enjoyable. 60. What should parents do for their children based on Dweck‘s study? A. Encourage them to learn from failures. B. Prevent them from making mistakes. C. Guide them in doing little things. D. Help them grow with praise.
A（13新课标1）
Some people will do just about anything to save money. And I am one of them. Take my family‘s last vacation. It was my six-year-old son‘s winter break form school, and we were heading home from Fort Lauderdale after a weeklong trip. The flight was overbooked, and Delta, the airline, offered us $400 per person in credits to give up our seats and leave the next day. I had meetings in New York，So I had to get back. But that didn't mean my husband and my son couldn't stay. I took my nine-month-old and took off for home.
The next day, my husband and son were offered more credits to take an even later flight. Yes, I encouraged—okay, ordered—them to wait it out at the airport, to "earn" more Delta Dollars. Our total take: $1,600. Not bad, huh?
Now some people may think I'm a bad mother and not such a great wife either. But as a big-time bargain hunter, I know the value of a dollar. And these days, a good deal is something few of us can afford to pass up.
I've made living looking for the best deals and exposing(揭露)the worst tricks. I have been the consumer reporter of NBC's Today show for over a decade. I have written a couple of books including one titled Tricks of the Trade: A Consumer Survival Guide. And I really do what I believe in.
I tell you this because there is no shame in getting your money‘s worth. I‘m also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children, and expensive restaurants. But I wouldn't hesitate to spend on a good haircut. It keeps its shape longer, and it's the first thing people notice. And I will also spend on a classic piece of furniture. Quality lasts.
56. Why did Delta give the author's family credits? A. They took a later flight.B. They had early bookings. C. Their flight had been delayed. D. Their flight had been cancelled. 57. What can we learn about the author? A. She rarely misses a good deal. B. She seldom makes a compromise. C. She is very strict with her children. D. She is interested in cheap products. 58. What does the author do? A. She's a teacher. B. She's a housewife.C. She's a media person. D. She's a businesswoman. 59. What does the author want to tell us? A. How to expose bad tricks.B. How to reserve airline seats. C. How to spend money wisely. D. How to make a business deal.
B（13新课标1）
The baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. She is quiet but alert(警觉). Twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it. She stares at it carefully. A researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. As the cards change from one to the other, her gaze(凝视)starts to lose its focus — until a third, with three black spots, is presented. Her gaze returns: she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. Can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world? Or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? The same experiment, but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes. Perhaps it is just the newness? When slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects (a comb, a key, an orange and so on), changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves. Could it be the pattern that two things make, as opposed to three? No again. Babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. The effect even crosses between senses. Babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地)when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots. 60. The experiment described in Paragraph 1 is related to the baby‘s______.
A. sense of hearing B. sense of sight C. sense of touch D. sense of smell 61. Babies are sensitive to the change in______.
A. the size of cards B. the colour of pictures C. the shape of patternsD. the number of objects 62. Why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?
A. To reduce the difficulty of the experiment. B. To see how babies recognize sounds. C. To carry their experiment further.D. To keep the babies‘ interest. 63. Where does this text probably come from?
A. Science fiction. B. Children‘s literature. C. An advertisement. D. A science report.
C（13新课标1）
It happened to me recently. I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama‘s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President. A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was, in his words, ―a brilliantly （精彩地）written book‖. However, he then went on to talk about Mr. Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.
And it seems that my friend is not the only one. Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven‘t. In the World Book Day‘s ―Report on Guilty Secrets‖, Dreams From My Father is at number 9. The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I‘m not one to lie too often (I‘d hate to be caught out), I‘ll admit here and now that I haven‘t read the entire top ten. But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell‘s 1984. I think it‘s really brilliant.
The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it. It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky (I haven‘t read him, but haven‘t lied about it either) and Herman Melville.
Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to ―impress‖ someone they were speaking to. This could be tricky if the conversation became more in–depth!
But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J. K. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words). Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the