Host: In the future, computers may be able to 1)interface with your mind, cars may drive themselves, scientists may be able to grow new kidneys and other organs.
My guest Michio Kaku has written a new book about scientific innovations in the works, based on rapid advances in computers, biotechnology and 2)artificial intelligence. It’s called Physics of the Future: How Science Will Shape Human Destiny and Our Daily Lives by the Year 2100.
Michio Kaku, let’s look at some of the inventions you think might be ready for use within the next 30 years. Why don’t we start with Internet contact lenses? Michio: That’s right. The rate at which we are miniaturizing the Internet, it’ll be inside our contact lens. So you blink and you go online. If you talk to
主持人：未来，电脑也许可以跟我们的大脑交流；汽车不需要人驾驶就能自己开；而科学家们也许能培植出新的肾脏或是其它器官。
我们今天邀请到的是加来道雄，他最近写了一本书，该书以电脑技术、生物科技以及人工智能快速发展为基础，描述在工作中的科技革新。书名是：《未来物理：2011年，科学如何改变人类的命运以及我们的日常生活》。
加来道雄，让我们来看一些你认为在未来30年能投入使用的发明。不如，先从网络隐形眼镜说起吧？
加来道雄：好的。按照我们能将互联网缩小的比率，它将会内置在我们的隐形眼镜里。那就意味着你眨一下眼睛就能上网。
somebody you’ll see their biography appear right next to their name. And if they speak Chinese to you, you’ll see instantaneous translation of Chinese into English. Now, of course, the first people to buy these contact lenses will be college students studying for final examinations. They will simply blink and see all the exam questions right in their contact lens. The next people to buy these things would be people looking for a job.
Host: Wait, wait, wait. Won’t they see...won’t they see all the answers too...
Michio: Well...
Host: ...if these contact lenses are so
great?
Michio: Yes. I’m a professor and it means that we have to change the way we 3)grill our students. No longer long strips of memorization, but concepts and principles have to be stressed. And people who are looking for a job will also buy these contact lens. In a cocktail party, you will know exactly who to 4)suck up to at any cocktail party. You’ll have a complete read-out of who they are. And actors and actresses―they’ll never 5)flub a line. They’ll simply see all their lines right inside their contacts lens.
And 6)prototypes have already been made of Internet glasses, Internet lenses, and also even a prototype of an Internet contact lens. And so, eventually, everyone will have it and we will live in what is called“7)Augmented Reality.” And so, this will be part of life. Everything we see around us will be 8)annotated, footnoted and we’ll love it.
Host: You sure of that?
如果你跟某人谈话，你就能看到他们的生平资料就在其名字旁边。如果他们对你说中文，你可以直接看到那些中文的英文翻译。放到现在，最先购买这种隐形眼镜的人当然将会是准备期末考试的大学生。他们只需眨一下眼睛，就可以通过隐形眼镜
看到所有的考试题目。接着会购买这
种眼镜的将是找工作的人。
主持人：等等，等等，等等。那学生们岂不是也会看到答案……道雄：呃……
主持人：如果这种隐形眼镜这么棒的话？
道雄：是的。我是一名教授，这就意味着我们要改变我们考核学生的方法。不再要求大篇幅死记硬背，而是注重对概念和原理的理解。找工作的人也会买这种隐形眼镜。比如，在一个鸡尾酒会上，你就会知道你需要去巴结谁。他们的身份都会清楚地呈现在你眼前。还有演员们――他们再也不会讲错台词了。他们只要通过自己的隐形眼镜就能看到所有的台词。
网络眼镜、网络镜片，甚至是网络隐形眼镜的雏形已经做出来了。这样一来，最终大家都会拥有这个东西，我们将会生活在所谓的“增强现实”中。这将是生活的一部分。我们能看到的周围一切事物都将带有注解、脚注，我们会很喜欢这种生活的。
主持人：你肯定吗？
Michio: I’m sure, because how many times have we bumped into somebody and we say, who is this person? Jim, John, Jay, I know this person. In the future, you will know exactly who you are talking to and if you see an object you don’t understand you’ll immediately understand what that object is, and this is gonna have a revolutionary effect.
道雄：当然了。有多少次我们碰巧遇到谁的时候，会想：这个人是谁啊？吉姆、约翰还是杰伊？我明明认识这个人。在未来，你就会清楚地知道跟你交谈的人是谁，或者当你看到一个不明物体，你也会马上知道那是什么。这将会带来革命性的影响。
Host: One of the things you write about is how our minds, our brains might in the future be able to interface with artificial intelligence. I…I guess I have no idea how that would work.
Michio: Well, on several levels. Already at Brown University they’ve taken stroke victims and put a chip in their brain[s] and connected the chip to a laptop computer. And these individuals who are 9)paralyzed can now read e-mail, write e-mail, surf the Web, play video games, guide wheelchairs. Anything you can do on a computer they can do as well, except they’re trapped inside a paralyzed body.
Now in Japan, they’ve actually connected a robot called ASIMO―one of the world’s most advanced robots in the world―to a worker who has…puts on a helmet and the worker can…can
actually control the upper-body motions of ASIMO. And this could also be the future of the space program. It’s very dangerous to put astronauts in a moon base where there’s radiation, solar flares, 10)micrometeorites. It’d be much better to put robots on the moon and have them mentally connected to astronauts on the Earth.
主持人：还有一件你写到的事情是：我们的意识、我们的大脑在未来如何与人工智能交流。我发现我真不知道那是怎么一回事。道雄：嗯，在某些层面上可以交流。其实布朗大学已经在一些中风患者身上做了实验，将一个芯片植入他们的大脑，再将这个芯片与一台手提电脑连接起来。而现在这些处于瘫痪状态的患者已经可以看邮件、写邮件、上网、玩电子游戏，指挥自己的轮椅了。只要是能在电脑上做的事情，他们就能做。只不
过他们的身体仍处于瘫痪状态。
现今，日本其实已经将称为“阿西莫”的机器人――它是世界上最先进的机器
人之一――与一个带着头盔的工人连接起来了，这个工人实际上可以控制阿西莫的上半部分身体动作。这也可能是太空项目的未来。将宇航员送上月球是很危险的，因为那里有辐射、太阳耀斑以及微小的陨石。那么将机器人与在地球上的宇航员的意识连接起来，再将机器人送上月球，那就安全多了。