纲要求：来源：www.examda.com

　　1、常用介词及其词义；来源：www.examda.com

　　2、介词与某些动词、形容词、名词的固定搭配；

　　3、介词短语及其用法。来源：www.examda.com

　　介词在句子中独立充当成分，往往和后面的宾语构成句子的成分。介词与名词、形容词、动词有着固定的搭配。

　　常用介词用法：

　　1. across（穿过）         My mother lives across the street.

　　I came across him yesterday.   （ come across偶然遇到 ）

　　The post office is just across the street.

　　2. after（在……之后）

　　The girl is named after her mother.

　　（name after 以……命名）

　　Rewrite the sentences after the model. （模仿，仿照）

　　3. against（反对）      What you are doing is against the rule.

　　We are against the proposal. （be against 反对）

　　Nobody has got anything against you.

　　4. along（沿着）     They walked along Nanjing Road.

　　There is a cinema along the street.     I'm  getting  along  well with my classmates.

　　5. around（）     We all drew up closely around him.

　　The guide showed us around the city.

　　（show sb. around 领某人参观）

　　6. at（在……）    Let's meet at the station.

　　She was at a conference.

　　The committee is to meet at the weekend.     He joined up at eighteen.（join up 参军）

　　What are you laughing at？ （laugh at 嘲笑）

　　My mother was surpris

　　7. before（在……之前）

　　Don't put the cart before the horse. 不要本末倒置。

　　Pride comes before a fall. 骄傲就会摔跤。     Before starting the work， we had a discussion.

　　Before long， the war broke out. （break out 爆发）

　　I bought the book the day before yesterday.

　　8. besides （ 除…之外还 ）     There are six students in the classroom besides me.

　　Besides fun and good exercise， swimming is a very useful skill.

　　9. between（在……之间）     Come between ten and eleven o'clock.

　　They don't know the difference between wheat and oats.

　　（among 用于三者或三者）      What's the difference between them？

　　10. beyond（在……之外）

　　The lake is beyond that mountain.      Don't go beyond the city boundary. （go beyond 超过）

　　It's expensive and beyond our reach.

　　The city is beyond recognition. （beyond recognition 面目全非）

　　The problem is too difficult. It's beyond me.

　　This is  inevitable  and beyond all doubts. 这是的，毫无疑义的。

　　11. but （ 除…之外 ）      Who but a fool would do such a thing？

　　I have nothing but a book in my hand.     I'm the last but one to get here.

　　12.by（）      She passed by me without saying goodbye to me.

　　The woman is standing by the door.      By the time we got to the station， the train had left.

　　By the end of the year， we have trained 4

　　I came here by taxi. （by bus， by plane， by ship，  on foot  ）

　　The girl isn't an actress by profession.   （actor 男演员）      What's the time by your watch？

　　Consumer goods production will go up by 6 % this year.

　　I met him by chance yesterday. （by chance 偶尔碰到）

　　We all have to abide by the rules. （abide by 遵守）

　　In order to pass the exam， we have to learn the texts by heart.

　　At the age of ten she began to live by herself.（by oneself 独自）

　　13. except （除去）     None of us have seen the film except my sister.

　　He comes to school every day except Saturday.

　　She is alone in the world except for her mother.

　　14. for（）

　　Thank you for spending so much time listening to me explain.

　　Thank you for spending so much time listening to my explanation.

　　Forgive me for being late. （表原因）      I'm sorry for what has happened.

　　The coat is for sale. （for sale 出售）

　　Whenever she is in trouble， she'll turn to her parents for help.

　　（be in trouble 处在之中  turn to 向某人求助）

　　We left Beijing for Shanghai last week. （leave…for… 动身去）

　　I sold the flat for 100，000 yuan.        （flat， apartment 公寓，house 别墅，）

　　How much do you pay for the coat？ （pay for 付款）

　　I do this all for your good. （for one's good 某人好）

　　They do this for the sake of their mother.        （for the sake of ）

　　15. from（来自……）     We've learnt a

　　They are busy from morning to night.（from……to…… 从……到……）

　　The letter is from your parents.     I have been away from home for a long time.

　　（be away from home 离开家）

　　The film we saw yesterday was different from the novel.

　　（be different from 与……不同，differ from）

　　The wine is made from the best grapes.

　　make from 化学        make of 物理   The desk is made of wood.

　　make sth. up 由……组成

　　Animal bodies  are made up of  cells.

　　Society  is made up of  people of widely differing abilities.

　　make with sth. 迅速拿出或某物    Make with the beers， buster. 伙计，拿啤酒来。

　　make for 为……做……            She made coffee for all of us.

　　Millions of people are suffering from the war.（suffer from 遭受）

　　He is weak from lack of sleep. （lack of ）

　　I try to prevent them from doing the work， but in vain.

　　（prevent sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事）       （in vain 毫无作用，徒劳）

　　The situation is getting from bad to worse.      The guest is talking from beginning to the end.

　　16. in（在……里）      We'll be back in three days.

　　（ He came back three days ago.）

　　Do you work in the daytime or at night？

　　We'll be back in no time. （in no time 立刻，马上）

　　He is always in a good mood.        （in a good mood 情绪  in a bad mood 情绪很糟）

　　I have n

　　Did you have any difficulty in finding the hotel？

　　They have done it in a wrong way. （in a wrong way 错误的）

　　They accepted the plan in principle. （in principle 原则上）

　　17. into（）    Let's go into the room.     I worked far into the night.

　　The house has been turned into a museum.（ turn into 变成 ）

　　We must put these theories into practice.

　　They all burst into laughter. （burst into 爆发）

　　At the news， my sister burst into tears.     （burst into tears 放声大哭）

　　I ran into my former classmate at the station. We haven't seen each other for a long time.

　　（run into 偶然碰到，偶然遇到）

　　18. like（像……）    He likes its mother. 他喜欢他的母亲。

　　The baby looks like its mother.      It looks like snow.

　　What's the weather like today？    I don't feel like eating anything.   What does it look（taste） like？

　　19. of（……的）       Have you got the Complete Works of Lu Hsun？

　　We're of the same opinion. （be of 赞同）

　　Electricity is of great use in industry and everyday life.     （be of use=be useful）

　　Your help is of great value to us.                   （be of value=be valuable）

　　I often think of the days we spent together. （think of 想起）

　　I read it quite by chance in a magazine. （by chance 偶然）

　　It's very kind of you to remind me of it.    （ remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事）

　　The picture reminds me of the time we spent together in Dalian.

　　We're proud of our son. （be proud of 以……为骄傲）

　　The little boy is afraid of dogs. （be afraid of 害怕）     It's just waste of time.

　　He is ashamed of his past.（be ashamed of 羞耻，惭愧） The village is short of water.（be short of 缺少）

　　I do all these of my own will. （of one's own 出于某人的意愿）

　　20. on（在……上）    You hit the nail on the head. 你这话击中了要害。

　　Put the book on the shelf， please.

　　My mother was born  on  April 14， 1947.

　　（哪一年用in，到某一天用on）

　　He left Beijing for home on the morning of July 2.

　　（in the morning ， 到某一天的上午、下午、晚上用on  ）

　　On the eve of their departure， they gave a farewell banquet.  （on the eve of 在……前夕）

　　We usually get up late on Sunday morning.    On his return he told us about the meeting.

　　They will go on a visit to Asia. （go on a visit=visit ）

　　He is here on business. （be on business 做生意）

　　The workers at the airport is on strike. （be on strike 罢工）

　　When we came back， we found our house on fire.        （on fire 着火）

　　The professor is making a speech on the current situation.（关于）

　　This house is on sale. （on sale 出售）    Who's on duty today？

　　The girl insists on leaving home and depends on herself for a living.

　　（insist on    depend on ，依赖）

　　21. out of（出于）

　　Looking  out of&nbs

　　My brother has been out of the hospital for a week.

　　（be out of the hospital 出院   be in hospital 住院）

　　He did it out of gratitude for us.    We helped the poor boy out of  sympathy.

　　Please get out of the way. 别挡道。

　　All of us were out of breath when we got to the top of the mountain.  （be out of breath 气喘吁吁）

　　22. since（自从）They have been close friends since childhood.（从儿童时期好朋友）

　　We've always been on guard since then.（be on guard 警惕）

　　23. through  （、穿过）     There is a path through the garden.

　　I've gone through the book.（go through 看过 浏览过）

　　She must have been through  a lot.（ be through 受罪 ）

　　We quickly saw through his trick.  （ see through 看穿 ）

　　How soon will you be through？ （be through 打电话）

　　You're through now. 你的电话接通了。

　　He began to look through the album.  （look through 翻阅）

　　The couple went through many hardships. （go through 经历）

　　24.  to     We'll change the date to July 10.  （to 到）

　　Let's drink to your health. （ drink to 为干杯 ）

　　Don't leave things to the last moment.（to the last moment 到最后一刻）

　　You're awfully nice to me.     Hainan lies to the south of Guangdong.   （ lie on，  lie in ）

　　To our surprise， she gave up the opportunity.（to one's suuprise 使某人感到惊奇 give up 放弃）

　　The final score is 3：5 in our favor.

　　25. under（在……的下面）   The road is under repair.（be

　　From here， we can see the bridge  under construction.

　　Scientists believe that they will get weather under control some day.  （under control 在控制之中）

　　The unpopular mayor is under constant attack in the newspapers.

　　26. with（和……）

　　Who was that with you？ 你刚才和谁在一起？

　　Our teacher is strict with us. （  be strict with sb. 对某人要求）

　　My father is always patient with me. （ be patient with 对某人有耐心）

　　We're satisfied with our work. （  be satisfied with 对……满意）

　　We're familiar with each other.  （ be famililar with 熟悉 similiar to 相似）

　　Her eyes were filled with tears. （ be filled with 充满）

　　He's in bed with flu.  The ground was covered with snow.

　　The street is crowded with people.（ be crowded with 拥挤 ）

　　He wanted to kill two birds with one stone.（ 一举两得）  The girl greeted me with a smile.

　　The young man with glasses over there is my brother.

　　I found the place with great difficulty.  （with great difficulty费劲）

　　It's hot outside. He was working there with only a T-shirt on.

　　The girl was sitting in a chair with her hands folded.

　　介词考试：

　　除了要介词与动词、名词、形容词的固定搭配外，还需牢记点即，介词后面接的是宾语，跟在其后面的主要是代词、名词或动名词及其词组，间或是宾语从句。

　　①I'm looking forward ____ you tomorrow.

　　A.to see    B. to seeing  C. seeing  D. see       look forward to doing    答案B

　　②I always arrive at the office in time， but _______ the heavy rain， I'm one hour late this morning.

　　A.because  B. becaus

　　③This weekly schedule will make you more aware of how you spend your time.   aware of意识到

　　典型例题：

　　1. When the taxi came I put out my head， but it just went ______ me without stopping.

　　A. off        B. over        C. through       D. past

　　put out my head （ 伸出头）     go off （下车）   go through （碾）   past （） 答案 D

　　sensitive to  （ 对……敏感 ）

　　3. He might have been killed _______ the arrival of the police.

　　A. except for    B. but for      C. with        D. for

　　except for  （ 除了）         but for  （ 要）

　　with （和……在一起）            for （）

　　except for： 除了……之外 The road was empty except for a few cars.

　　but for ： 倘无，要， 表虚拟语气。But for the doctor's skill， he would have died.

　　But for the rain， we should have had a very pleasant journey.  答案 B

　　4. Japan is __________ the east of China.  A. at  B in   C. over  D. to   答案 D

　　5. Try some of this tobacco. You'll say it's second ______ none.  A. of   B. with  C. to  D. but

　　second to none = as good as the best （不亚于任何人或事物）

　　As a dancer， she is second to none.    答案 C

　　6. He sold his car _

　　A. for       B. over        C. in     D. by    答案 A

　　7. “Wasn't John supposed to be here by now？”

　　“Don't worry. He'll be here _______ twenty minutes.”

　　A. by at least     B. around    C. at nearly    D. in about   答案 D

　　8. “Could you find an answer to your problem in the book I gave you？”

　　“I looked at it ， but it wasn't really _______.”

　　A. much used    B. able to use     C. of  usefulness     D. of much use

　　to ……的答案  key to my room（我屋子的钥匙）  be of use = be useful  答案 D

　　9. “Are you done with the book I gave you？”

　　“Not quite. I've read all ______ the last chapter.”  A. but   B. until  C. just    D. yet

　　but 除了     until 直到    just 刚好     yet 还

　　but=except.       but： 主要与no one ， none， nothing， nobody等否定词用；who， where， what等疑问词；all， everyone， everything， anyone， anything， 及everywhere等连用。

　　Who but George would do such a thing？    Isn't there anything but mountains？ except+句子；

　　except for + n.   except+n. 时主要与no one ， none， nothing， nobody等否定词用；all， everyone， everything， anyone， anything， 及everywhere等连用。不与who，where，what等疑问词连用 .            答案 A

　　10. I agree with him ________ ， but not entirely.

　　A. until a certain point      B. to some point    C. to some extent     D. until a certain extent

　　to some extent     （ 在某种程度上）        答案 C

　　11. My parents are not interested in modern music. They are _______ the times.

　　A. before        B. behind      C. after       D. against     答案 B

　　12. I'm rather anxious _______ her ， for I haven't heard from her for a long time.

　　A. toward      B. about       C. in          D. over

　　be  anxious about        hear from sb.  （收到某人来信）   答案 B

　　13. Who is responsible _______ the arrangements？

　　A. for make     B. to make      C. to making    D. for making

　　be responsible for                  答案 D

　　14. “Edward was terribly impolite to Miss Smith.”

　　“Yes， he should be ________ himself.”

　　A. sorry for    B. sorry about  答案 D    C. ashamed with    D. ashamed of

　　be impolite to sb（对某人礼貌）    ashame of（感到羞愧）    be sorry for / about sth. 自责

　　Aren't you sorry for  /  about what you've done？   

　　（1） 同情    I feel sorry for anyone who has to drive in this bad weather？

　　（2） 对某人有些不赞成，怜悯某人 If  he doesn't realize the consequences of his actions， I'm sorry for him.

　　15. I am disappointed with the new officers elected in our club， but there is no point ______ about it.

　　A. complain  B. in complaining   C. for us complain  D. with us to complain

　　no point in doing sth.    point：价值  There's not much point in complaining， they never take any notice.          答案 B

　　16. To say that someone's work is not good is to find fault ______ it .

　　A. of       B. with         C. for          D. on

　　find fault with   （ 对……找缺点 ）            答案 B

　　17. The airport is five miles ________ .

　　A. away from here    B. far from here    C. far away from here    D. from here away

　　away from （离……远）      答案 A

　　18. Tom has been _______ the telephone for two hours.

　　A. on       B in    C. at    D. for    be on the telephone 接电话   答案 A

　　19. _______ fun and exercise， swimming is a very useful skill.

　　A. Beside    B. Besides    C. Except for      D. B

　　Beside  （在……旁边）    besides （除了）     except  for （除了）    but for  （要）

　　Three others went there besides me.    Everyone went there except me.   答案 B

　　20. _______ the heavy snow last night， none of the classes have been cancelled at the university.

　　A. Despite of    B. In spite of    C. In spite     D. Despite with

　　in spite of=despite（）      答案 B

　　21. The movie we saw last night was very different _______ the novel.  A. of  B. to  C. from  D. with

　　be different from         答案 C

　　22. I prefer writing a term paper _______ taking an examination.

　　A. than      B. to       C. for        D. rather than

　　prefer to      prefer +n. to + n.    I prefer coffee to tea.     prefer+doing to+ doing  答案 B

　　23. The picture reminds me _______ the time we spent together in New York.

　　A. of        B. in         C. for        D. to

　　remind sb. of sth.         答案 A

　　24. From here we can see the bridge _______ construction.

　　A. below    B. by     C. under     D. with