篇一：详细解读托福阅读句子插入题
智课网TOEFL备考资料
详细解读托福阅读句子插入题
摘要： 句子插入题是托福阅读中的一道必考题型，题量不多，每篇文章中出现一道。句子插入题是给出一句话让我们来判断这句话应该加入1-2个段落中的四个黑方块的哪个部分，用鼠标点击所选的黑色方块即可。
托福 阅读的题型有很多，必考题型中有一类是句子插入题，这类题型的结构大家应该都比较熟悉了，关于这类题型的解法也有很多种，我们在这里为大家总结归纳一下。
做这类题目的关键首先是理解待插入的句子，寻找其中的衔接词，分析这个句子的特点和其在文中的作用，然后把这个句子带入原文中检验其是否合适。
一、解题步骤与解题要点
? 阅读并分析待插入的句子，找出其中的线索词;
? 从第一个小黑方块前一句开始读，逐一代入进行验证;
? 插入句必须满足前后两条线索，先前再后。(先用前线索再看后线索)
从此步骤中可以看出掌握线索词是解答此题的关键，那么线索词都有哪些?主要有两大类，指代线索和逻辑线索。
1. 指代线索
(1). 指代词(they,it, them)必然有所指代;指代词(this, these, their,other, another, such)后面若有名词短语，则向前寻找此名词短语或其同义改写。
例题1:
Paragraph 4: Regularly flowing rivers andstreams that originate within arid lands are known as "endogenous."These are generally fed by groundwater springs, and many issue from limestonemassifs, such as the Atlas Mountains in Morocco. Basaltic rocks also supportsprings, notably at the Jabal Al-Arab on the Jordan-Syria border. ■Endogenous rivers often do not reach the sea but draininto inland basins, where the water evaporates or is lost in the ground. ■Most desert streambeds are normally dry, but they occasionallyreceive large flows of water and sediment.■
Paragraph 5: Deserts contain large amounts ofgroundwater when compared to the amounts they hold in surface stores such aslakes and rivers. ■But only a small fraction of groundwaterenters the hydrological cycle—feeding the flows of streams, maintaining lakelevels, and being recharged (or refilled) through surface flows and rainwater. (TPO16 Water in the Desert)
12. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentencecould be added to the passage.
Thesesudden floods provide important water supplies but can also be highlydestructive.
Wherewould the sentence best fit?
解析：
1. 分析黑体句，找到其中的线索词即为thesesudden floods, 则要插入的方块前面必定要出现名词短语
suddenfloods或是其同义改写。
2.从第一个小黑方块前一句开始读，寻找与线索词相吻合的信息。
3.在第三个方块前面出现了largeflows of water and sediment(巨大的水流和沉积物)，即为suddenfloods的同义替换，所以答案应当是第三个黑方块的位置。
例题2:
Paragraph 4: One of the outer planets, Saturn, has adensity of only 0.7 that of water, which means that Saturn would float inwater. Variations in the composition of the planets are largely responsible forthe density differences. ■The substances that make up both groups ofplanets are divided into three groups—gases, rocks, and ices—based on
theirmelting points. ■The terrestrial planets are mostly rocks:dense rocky and metallic material, with minor amounts of gases. ■The Jovian planets, on the other hand, contain a largepercentage of the gases hydrogen and helium, with varying amounts of ices:mostly water, ammonia, and methane ices. ■ (TPO 16 Planets in Our Solar System)
12. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to thepassage.
Thisexplains their relatively low densities.
Where would the sentence best fit?
解析：首先分析待插入的句子，涉及两个指代词，this和their, 根据这两个指代词则能够推出前文一定要讲到某些密度较低的行星(即their所指代的)，并且前面还要给出密度低的原因(即this所指代的)。然后阅读段落，发现段落中首先提到行星构成成分的不同会导致密度的差异，然后讲到类地行星(terrestrial planets)主要由密度大
的石头组成，然后提到类木行星(Jovian planets)是由大量的气体组成的，所以正确答案应是第四个黑方块的位置。
(2). 定冠词the+名词，用于重复上文提到的事物
例题1:
Paragraph 3: Film analysis of the infant'sresponses, heart and respiration rate monitors, and nonnutritive
suckingdevices are used as effective tools in understanding infant perception. ■Film analysis permits researchers to carefullystudy the infant's responses over and over and in slow motion. ■Precise measurements can be made of the lengthand frequency of the infant's attention between two stimuli. ■Heart and respiration monitors provide
theinvestigator with the number of heartbeats or breaths taken when a new stimulusis presented.
■Numericalincreases are used as quantifiable indicators of heightened interest in the newstimulus. Increases in nonnutritive sucking were first used as an assessment measureby researchers in 1969.
13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentencecould be added to the passage.
The repetition allows researchers to observe theinfant's behavior until they reach agreement about the presenceand the degree of the infant's response.
Where would the sentencebest fit?
解析：分析黑体句，找到线索词therepetition, 根据规则前文中应出现repetition这个信息，从第一个小黑方块前一句开始分析，发现第二个黑方块前面出现了…overand over and in slow motion, 识别出是repetition的同义改写，则答案即为第二个小黑方块位置。
例题2:
The universal global warming at the end of the Ice Age haddramatic effects on temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. Icesheets retreated and sea levels rose. ■The climatic changes in southwestern Asia weremore subtle, in that they involved shifts in mountain snow lines, rainfallpatterns, and vegetation cover. ■However, these same cycles of change hadmomentous impacts on the sparse human populations of the region. ■At the end of the Ice Age, no more than a few thousandforagers lived along the eastern Mediterranean coast, in the Jordan andEuphrates valleys. Within 2,000 years, the human population of the regionnumbered in the tens of thousands, all as a result of village life and farming.■Thanks to new environmental and archaeologicaldiscoveries, we now know something about this remarkable change in local life.
13. Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
One of themajor effects was the rapid growth of the human population itself.
Where would the sentence best fit?
Click on a square [■] to insert the sentence in the passage.
解析：分析待插入的句子，可以找到线索词the major effects, 则推出前文中一定要提到effects或其同义(原文来自：wWW.DxF5.com 东 星资源网:托福阅读插入句子题)替换，本题中还有一个后线索，后面的句子中应该要提到人口的迅速增长这个信息。阅读段落，发现these same cycles of change had momentousimpacts on the sparse human populations of the region中impacts即为effects的同义替换，并且第三个黑方块后面的两句话都在详细论述人口从最初的几千人增加到上万人，所以前后都符合线索词，则正确答案为第三个黑方块。
2. 逻辑线索
在逻辑线索中主要会出现以下几种情况：
(1). 插入句中出现表结果的表达：一般可以排除段首位置，注意因果的逻辑关系
表示因果关系的信号词：therefore,thus, accordingly, consequently, hence, so, as a result等。
例题：
Paragraph 3: Another explanation for the focus on animalsmight be that these people sought to improve their luck at hunting. █Thistheory is suggested by evidence of chips in the painted figures, perhaps madeby spears thrown at the
drawings. █But if improving their hunting luck was the chiefmotivation for the paintings, it is difficult to explain why only a few showsigns of having been speared. █Perhaps the paintings were inspired by the need toincrease the supply of animals. Cave art seems to have reached a peak towardthe end of the Upper Paleolithic period, when the herds of game weredecreasing. █ (TPO 4 Cave Art in Europe)
13. Lookat the four squares [█] that indicate where the following sentence could beadded to the passage.
Therefore, if the paintings were connected with hunting, some otherexplanation is needed.
Where would the sentence best fit?
解析：阅读黑体句，发现了因果关系词therefore, 从此句意思(因此，如果这些绘画与狩猎有关，那么必定会有其他一些解释)来看，待插入的位置前面应当出现thepaintings were connected with hunting这个信息，后面应当出现someother explanation。阅读段落，发现在第三个方块处信息有所转变，其前面在讲岩壁画的主要动机是提高打猎命中率，后面在讲岩壁画或许是出于增加猎物的需求而画的画，所以跟前面的分析相吻合，答案即为第三个黑方块。
(2). 插入句中出现表转折的信号词：插入的句子与前一句话的内容形成转折关系。
标示词：however,but, nevertheless, yet, on the other hand, rather than, instead of等
例题：
Paragraph 5: Children normally desire to vent aggressiveimpulses on other people, including their parents, because even the most attentiveparents cannot gratify all of their demands immediately. ■Yetchildren, also fearing their parents' punishment and the loss of parental love,come to repress most aggressive impulses. ■The
Freudianperspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines." ■Byholding in rather than venting "steam," we set the stage for futureexplosions. ■Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may beexpressed toward parents in indirect ways such as destroying furniture, or theymay be expressed toward strangers later in life. (OG Aggression)
11. Look at the four squares [■] that indicatewhere the following sentence can be added to the passage.
According to Freud, however, impulses that have been repressed continue toexist and demand expression.
Where would the sentence best fit?
解析：黑体句中出现了表转折的逻辑关系词however, 此句意思大意为“被压抑的冲动会继续存在并且要求表现出来”。阅读段落，发现第二个黑方块前面一句大意为“儿童由于害怕父母的惩罚和失去父母的爱通常会压抑他们绝大多数的冲动”，看到这句话则可以发现其与待插入的句子句意有转折关系，所以答案即为第二个黑方块。
(3). 举例关系
若出现forexample的举例，则找其对应的分论点，插入句放在对应观点之后。
例题1:
篇二：托福阅读中句子插入题的做法
智课网TOEFL备考资料
托福阅读中句子插入题的做法
摘要： 做句子插入题，关键在于找衔接词。下面就是做题的具体方法，和小马过河一起来看看吧。
句子插入题分三步走，第一步是一定要找指代，指代是什么啊？指代是用代词或名词替代原文中出现过的词，所以咱们先找有代词的地方。如果出现了代词this，它后面的名词前边一定出现过，这是第一种解题方法。
第二种解题方法是逻辑关系，第三种方法是靠句义。
来看一下例题。
? ■Exhibitors， however， wanted to maximize their profits， which they could do more readily by projecting a handful of films to hundreds of customers at a time (rather than one at a time) and by charging 25 to 50 cents
admission. ■About a year after the opening of the first Kinetoscope parlor in 1894， showmen such as Louis and
Auguste Lumiere， Thomas Armat and Charles Francis Jenkins， and Orville and Woodville Latham (with the assistance of Edison’s former assistant， William Dickson) perfected projection devices. ■These early projection devices were used in vaudeville theaters， legitimate theaters， local town halls， makeshift storefront theaters， fairgrounds， and amusement parks to show films to a mass audience. ■
? When this widespread use of projection technology began to hurt his Kinetoscope business， Edison acquired a projector developed by Armat and introduced it as “Edison’s latest marvel， the Vitascope.”
指代如果出现了this、that，来看一下这个指示代词，this、that、those它后面看到这种东西代词吧，它后边的是名词，一定前边都出现过，所以你只要去前文中找一个它指代的名词，然后跟着它后面就好了，所以这个句子插入题变成了一个定位。这里面给大家说一下，除了this、that、such这样的什么东西前文中一定会有。还有最常见的其实是定冠词。
咱们说了一个指代咱们往下看一下逻辑关系的。逻辑关系通常是这几种，时间顺序，不要忽略这个时间顺序，有时候出现than、next、later、finally、etc。因果关系呢，常常出现consequently。转折关系的，转折关系难在哪，一定要要知道转折一定是要插入的这句话和前问中的一句话的意义相反，句义是相反的。看下面并列关系，你要找到它和谁并列。
说一道大家普遍做错的一个题目，
? Above the tree line there is a zone that is generally called alpine tundra. █Immediately adjacent to the timberline， the tundra consists of a fairly complete cover of low-lying shrubs， herbs， and grasses， while higher up the number and diversity of species decrease until there is much bare ground with occasional mosses and lichens and some
prostrate cushion plants. █Some plants can even survive in favorable microhabitats above the snow line. The highest plants in the world occur at around 6，100 meters on Makalu in the Himalayas. █At this great height， rocks， warmed by the sun， melt small snowdrifts. █
? This explains how， for example， alpine cushion plants have been found growing at an altitude of 6，180 meters. (复杂：隐性因果逻辑)
先看插入句，This explains how，有this说明了前面有一个指代是吧。explains什么东西啊？解释了，A解释了B，也就是说A是原因，所以看一下，它的前边一定是一个原因，解释了什么啊？解释了ac可以活在6180米上，大家看一下。很多同学都选C和D，咱们看一下到底是选C还是D呢？绝大部分都放在了C，咱们看一下C，如果放在C。有一个6100合适，这是6180靠谱了，貌似很靠谱，咱看一下。This explains 也就是说这解释了，前边一定是原因，这解释了为什么ac这种植物可以活在6180米处，前面是原因吗？咱看一看，最高的植物，它可以在喜马拉雅上可以活到6100米，这是原因？显然这不是原因，所以这个应该放在D选项，非常好。因为前面是什么啊？在这样的高度，rocks岩石它被太阳一晒，然后它融化了那些雪片，然后这就产生了水，所以这个题应该放在D选项。
前面是逻辑关系，第三种句子插入题它的解决办法是通过语义，也就是说这种是最不常见的，但这种比较难。咱们接着往下看，这是句义型，如果遇到句义型。
看一下这个句义型的，也就是说原则是什么呢？英语语言里也是先说观点再加上解释。观点加解释，是英文的行文习惯，所以咱们要插入的这句话，如果是个观点，它一定要放在举例的前边，如果这句话它是一个例子，它一定要放在观点的后面。大家来看一下，这里边有一个小窍门，这句话是什么啊？显然它是个观点，而且这个观点有什么啊？有一个比较，所以你要去原文中找一个有比较的，然后和它挨着。哪有比较啊？第三个黑格前面pales in comparison，这有一个比较，咱放在哪啊？看看哪一个例子是例子，这里边有大写字母，通常有大写字母的都是例子，观点应该放在例子的前面，所以应该放在第二个还是第三个地方呢？很好放在第二个例子，因为这是一个观点，后边是对它的解释。
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篇三：实例解析托福阅读句子插入题解的题思路
智课网TOEFL备考资料
实例解析托福阅读句子插入题解的题思路
摘要： 实例解析托福阅读句子插入题解的题思路，小马过河通过实例讲解托福阅读句子插入题解题思路，希望同学们能够从中得到做托福阅读句子插入题的方法，供同学们参考。
句子插入题 Insert Text questions
█ Most investigators concur that certain facial expressions suggest the same emotions in all people. █ Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. █ In classic research Paul
Ekman took photographs of people exhibiting the emotions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness. █ He then asked people around the world to indicate what emotions were
being depicted in them.
12. Look at the four squares █ that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods.
Where would the sentence best fit?
Click on a square [ ■ ] to add the sentence to the passage.
解题思路：
Insert Text question。该题型要求考生将一句话插入到原文四个黑色空格的其中一个当中，使得段落看起来更通顺。首先可以从这个单独的句子中找到暗示点，例如，本题待插入句子为：This universality in the recognition of emotions was demonstrated by using rather simple methods. 主语部分为：这个对于感情的认知的普遍性。如果待插入句子中出现代词，则代词所指内容应当在该句之前出现，结合这道题目，在这个句子应当插入的空之前必有：对于感情认知的普遍性。这道题目选择第三个黑色方框，其之前的句子为：
Moreover, people in diverse cultures recognize the emotions manifested by the facial expressions. 意思是：另外，来自不同文化背景的人能够通过面部表情的识别来判断对方的情绪。来自不同文化背景的人都可以判断出来，这里暗示了universality 普遍性。同时，放在第三个空也可以对应后面的内容。待插入句子说到“demonstrated by using rather simple methods”：可以用简单的方式证明，对应第三个空后方的句子：In classic research Paul Ekman took photographs(在经典的研究项目当中)。
再来看一道题目，
Sigmund Freud, for example, believed that aggressive impulses are inevitable reactions to the frustrations of daily life. Children normally desire to vent aggressive impulses on other people, including their parents, because even the most attentive parents cannot gratify all of their demands immediately. ■ Yet children, also fearing their parents'
punishment and the loss of parental love, come to repress most aggressive impulses. ■ The Freudian perspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines." ■ By holding in rather than venting "steam," we set the stage for future explosions. ■ Pent-up aggressive impulses demand outlets. They may be expressed toward parents in indirect ways such as
destroying furniture, or they may be expressed toward strangers later in life.
11. Look at the four squares [ ■ ] that indicate where the following sentence can be added to the passage.
According to Freud, however, impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression.
Where would the sentence best fit?
Click on a square [ ■ ] to add the sentence to the passage.
首先我们来看待插入句子：According to Freud, however, impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression. 本句的前半句说道，According to Freud,(根据弗洛伊德的理论); 后半句：impulses that have been repressed continue to exist and demand expression. 被压抑的冲动会持续存在并且需要表达。这个句子是一句概括性的陈述，一般概括性陈述的后方需要有具体的细节句子来提供支持解释。所以这道题目选择第二个空。第二空格之后紧跟：The Freudian perspective, in a sense: sees us as "steam engines."(从某种意义上讲，弗洛伊德的观点是将人类看做“蒸汽机”)。这里既可以对应Freud，又有具体的细节交代，说持续存在的冲动，就好比蒸汽机，这里的steam engines是解释他观点的具体细节。
再来看一道题目，
■ Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills. ■ Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. ■ In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. ■ They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.
Look at the four squares [ ■ ] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.
Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.
Where would the sentence best fit?
Click on a square [ ■ ] to add the sentence to the passage.
解题思路： 此题的带插入句子当中并没有代词， 这时我们可以根据关联词来解答题目。带插入句子当中的Consequently(结果是...)可以给我们暗示。带插入句子的含义为：结果是，tunas(金枪鱼)不需要吸水。那么该句子的前方应该在陈述关于导致金枪鱼不需要吸水的内容。此题正确答案选C。在第三个空格之前的这句
话：...they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. (金枪鱼失去了像其他鱼类的嘴里所拥有的一块肌肉，这块肌肉用于吸水和从腮里排水。)既然已经失去了这块用来吸水的肌肉，那么自然紧接着陈述，其结果，即金枪鱼不再需要吸水。
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