篇一：2016年如皋市初中毕业、升学模拟考试物理试卷
如皋市2016年初中毕业、升学模拟考试
物理试卷
1、如图所示，一个圆柱状的轻质纸筒顺着一个倾斜的木板滚下。 关于纸筒在地面上的落点，下列说法中正确的是（ ）
A.在A点的左侧
B.正好在A点
C.在A点的右侧
D.上述三种情况皆有可能
2、如下图所示的四种现象中，由光的折射形成的是 （ ）
A．甲 、丁 B．丙、丁 C．乙、丙 D．甲、乙
3、星期天，小林同学在父母的协助下，从早上6：00开始每隔半小时分别对他家附近的气温和一个深池里的水温进行测量，并根据记录的数据绘成温度一时刻图线，如图所示．则可以判断 ( )
A.甲是“气温”图线，乙是“水温”图线，因为水的比热容比空气的大
B.甲是“气温”图线，乙是“水温”图线，因为水的比热容比空气的小
C.甲是“水温”图线，乙是“气温”图线，因为水的比热容比空气的大
D.甲是“水温”图线，乙是“气温”图线，因为水的比热容比空气的小
4、下列四幅图中，用来研究磁场对通电导体有力的作用的是 （ ）
A．图甲中，风车转动时电流表指针偏转B
．图乙中，闭合开关后线圈转动
C
．图丙中，旋转启动钥匙后用电器工作D．图丁中，闭合开关后铁钉吸引大头针
5、物体在平衡力作用下作匀速直线运动，关于物体的动能、重力势能及机械能的变化下列说法中正确的是 （ ）
A．动能不变，重力势能不变，机械能不变
B．动能不变，重力势能变大，机械能变大
C．动能不变，重力势能变小，机械能变小
D．动能不变，重力势能与机械能不能确定
6、为改善地铁地下车站的通风状况，小明设计了抽气管道，利用地面横风实现自动抽气．为提高抽气效果，管道上方遮雨盖的形状应设计成下列图中的 （ ）
7、如下图所示的四种声现象中，可以用相同的声学知识解释的是（ ）
A．甲和乙 B.乙和丙 C．丙和丁D．甲和丁 8、如图所示，用一细线悬挂一根粗细均匀的轻质细麦桔杆，使其静止在水平方向上，O为麦桔杆的中点．这时有两只大肚皮的蚂蚁同时从O点分别向着麦桔杆的两端匀速爬行，在蚂蚁爬行的过程中麦桔杆在水平方向始终保持乎衡，则（ ）
A．两蚂蚁的质量一定相等
B．两蚂蚁的爬行速度大小一定相等
C．两蚂蚁的质量与爬行速度大小的乘积一定相等
D．两蚂蚁对麦桔杆的压力一定相等
9
、以下是一则新闻报道：
“今天零时，汽、柴油价格每吨分别提高205元和200元，测算到零售价格90号汽油和0号柴油每升分别提高0.15元和0.17元。” 据此估测0号柴油的密度为(不考虑0号柴油生产过程中密度的变化) ( )
A.0.80×10kg/m B.0.85×10kg/m
C.0.90×103kg/m3 D.0.72×103kg/m3
10、某实验小组根据实验会出小灯泡的U-I特性曲线如右图所示，根据此图给出的信息，以下有关小灯泡功率P的图象正确的是 ( )
-726、（4分）某天文台接收到周期为8×10s的神秘电磁波，信号源居然是隔壁的微波炉，
该微波炉泄漏的电磁波频率是__________Hz.在能量的利用过程中，大量向外散失的能量不会自动再汇集起来，这说明能量的转化和转移具有_________。发明了蓝色发光二极管3333
（LED）的三位发明者获得了诺贝尔物理学奖，在此之前，红色、______色发光二极管已经面世，人类终于可以利用这三种发光二极管产生白色光源。LED是由_________（填“超导体”或“半导体”）制成的。
27、（6分）小明在探究利用杠杆做功的实践活动中，将重G为15N
的物体的挂在一粗细相同、质量均匀的长硬棒的中点，手竖直提起
棒的另一端，用10N的拉力使物体在2s内缓慢匀速提升了0.1m。
如图所示（不计摩擦）。
⑴重物上升的速度_________m/s；
⑵小明利用杠杆所做的有用功________j，做功的功率_______W，
杠杆的机械效率__________；
⑶长硬棒自身的重力______N.若把重物向支点移动一段距离，则将该重物缓慢匀速提升时杠杆的机械效率将_________（填变大、变小或不变）
28、（4分）生活中处处有物理： ⑴煮鸡蛋用水，而炸油条等用油，这样可以对不同食物提供各自煮熟所需达到的温度，这是因为油和水的________不同．
⑵小明在浴室中洗澡时，
看到浴室内有两根水管，
一根水管上有
很多水滴，而另外一根水管上却没有水滴，他猜一根是热水管，
一根是冷水管，但他又怕烫着而不敢摸，请你帮他判断出没有水
滴的那根是______水管。（选填“冷”或“热”）
⑶草坪式浴室防滑垫的正反面如图所示，其正面做成仿草坪式，
目的是为了 ；反面的许多小吸盘，可利用_________
使垫紧贴在地面上。
29、（4分）如图，用酒精灯对试管加热，水温升高，这是通过______
的方式改变水的内能。一段时间后瓶塞被水蒸气冲出去，其能量转
化与汽油机工作中的_______冲程能量转化相同。一台单缸四冲程
柴油机，飞轮转速为3600转/分，该柴油机活塞1s对外做功____
次。若其效率为40％，消耗5㎏的柴油转化成的机械能是
7_________j。（q柴油＝4.3×10j/㎏）
30、（8分）如图是小明“探究平面镜成像特点”的情景：
竖立的透明玻璃板下方放一张白色的方格纸，玻璃板与桌面垂直；两个相同的棋子A、B 竖立于玻璃板两侧的白纸上，以A棋子为成像物体。
（1）为了使所成的像更清晰，可用手电筒对着______（A/B）
棋子照射；此外，采用茶色透明玻璃板代替平面镜，虽然成
像不如平面镜清晰，但却能在观察到A棋子像的同时,也能
观察到______，巧妙地解决了确定像的位置和大小的问题．
（2）将A棋子固定，小心地移动B棋子，直到与A棋子的
像______为止，这时小明在B棋子处放了一张白纸，结果白纸上______(选填“能”或“不能”)接收到A 棋子的像。
（3）下列关于棋子的像的描述中，符合实际的一项是__________
A．改变棋子到玻璃板的距离，像的大小不同
B．用大小不同的玻璃板实验，像的大小不同
C．沿不同方向观察棋子的像，像的位置不同
D．若在玻璃板和B之间放一块纸板，仍可以看到A的像
（4）实验中，看到A棋子通过玻璃板成两个像，其中距离观察者较远的像较暗。远处的
像是来自于A棋子的入射光线经过玻璃板_________
A．一次反射、一次折射形成的B. 一次反射、两次折射形成的
C．两次反射、两次折射形成的D. 两次反射、一次折射形成的
31、（6分）按照题目要求作图。
⑴如图甲所示，一箱子放在水平向右匀速行驶的汽车上，请画出箱子受力的示意图． ⑵如图乙所示，根据小磁针静止时的指向在图中标出通电螺线管的N、S极和电源的正负极．
⑶请在图丙中用笔画线代替导线将电灯和开关、插座分别接入电路。
32、（8分）为了缓解城市交通拥堵，某大学的两位研究生设计发明的“都市蚂蚁”概念车，
3该车外表似蚂蚁，小巧实用，质量仅有400㎏，总体积0.75m，
2轮胎与地面的总接触面积200cm，标准乘载100㎏。请解答
3标准乘载时的下列问题（g取10N/㎏，水的密度为1.0×10
3kg/m）
(1)“都市蚂蚁”车对水平路面的压力、压强多大？
(2)“都市蚂蚁”车以5m/s的速度在公路上匀速行驶时，受
到的阻力是车总重的0.04倍，则发动机的输出功率多大？
(3)该车密封良好，可将此车改造成“水路两栖蚂蚁车”，请计算它浮在水面上行驶时，它露出水面的体积是多少？
33、（9分）如图所示的电路中，小灯泡L上标有“6V 6W”字样（忽略温度对灯丝电阻的影响）。
（1）求小灯泡正常发光时的电流和电阻；
（2）若电源电压是9V，闭合开关S1和
S
2
，为了保证电路安全，滑动变阻器接入电路的
电阻的最小值是多少？
（3）若换一个电压未知但不变的电源，闭合开关S1断开开关S2，滑动变阻器的滑片从一处滑到另一处时，电压表的示数由5V变化到1V，电流表的示数变化了0.4A，则R0的阻值是多少？
34、(8分)在“测量小灯泡电功率”的实验中，电源电压恒定为6V，小灯泡的额定电压为
2.5V，正常发光时的电阻约为10Ω，所用滑动变阻器的最大阻值约为40Ω。
⑴请用笔画线代替导线把甲图中未完成的实物电路连接完整；
⑵同学们进行试触时，发现小灯泡不发光，电流表无示数，电压表有示数，则电路中发生的故障可能是_____________(选填“小灯泡断路”、“小灯泡短路”或“滑动变阻器处断路”)；
⑶排除故障后，闭合开关又发现小灯泡不亮，但电流表有示数，接下来应进行的操作是________
A．更换小灯泡 B.检查开关是否闭合
C．移动滑动变阻器滑片 D.检查电压表是否断路
⑷某次中实验中，同学们看到电压表示数为1.8V，要使灯泡L正常发光应向_____(选填“A” 或“B” )端移动滑片P，同时视线应注意观察_________（选填“电流表”或“电压表”）示数，当灯泡正常发光时，电流表的示数如图乙所示，则小灯泡的额定电功率是________W；
⑸某同学还想探究电流与电阻的关系，于是将甲图中的小灯泡换成定值电阻R，并使电压表的示数始终保持2V不变，多次更换阻值不同的定值电阻R，记录各次电流表的示数，在不更换其他器材的情况下，为了能够完成实验，他更换的定值电阻R的阻值不能大于____Ω。
35、（6分）探究篮球反弹性能的强弱与哪些因索有关?
【猜想与假设】猜想一：可能与篮球的材质有关；
猜想二：可能与篮球的充气情况有关；
【制定计划与设计实验】
在探究猪想一时，我们只选择材质不同、其他因素都相同的篮球，设计了以下实验方案． 方案一：其他条件都相同，用力向下拍不同的篮球，观察比较它们反弹后的高度； 方案二：其他条件都相同，将不同的篮球从同一高度自由下落．观察比较它们反弹后的
高度
方案三：其他条件都相同，使不同的篮球反弹到相同的高度．观察比较它们所需自由下
落高度．
【评估与交流】
(1)按照方案一探究，其不足之处是___________________________________________；
(2)按照方案二探究．篮球反弹后的高度越高，反弹性能就越_______
；像这种用反弹的
篇二：江苏省如皋市2016年中考第二次模拟英语试卷含答案
如皋市2015～2016学年度九年级第二次中考模拟
英语试卷
(考试时间：120分钟，总分：120分)
第Ⅰ卷（选择题部分 共60分）
第Ⅰ卷共45小题，请按要求将答案填涂在答题卡上。
一、单项选择 (本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
1. After supper I like to walk in the street, and I often see old man walk his dog.
A. the; a
B. a; an C. 不填; an D. 不填; the B. suggestionC. notice D. advice 2. Simon, would you please give me some ? I tried several times but failed. A. technology A. takes up A. neither; nor A. Instead3. David so much of his valuable time to play video games on weekends. B. comes up C. stays up D. makes up B. not only; but also C. either; or D. not; but B. AnywayC. FinallyD. Similarly 4. Our teachers teach us how to learn well behave well in school. 5. That’s a bad habit of learning. ________, it is never too late for you to get out of it.
6. ---Mr Wang, must I come again to clean the classroom on Sunday?
---No, you ______. I have asked Kate to do it.A. can’t
B. mustn’t C. needn’tD. shouldn’t D. bigger and bigger 7. With the rapid development of chemical industry, there will be polluted rivers in our hometown.A. fewer and fewer B. less and less C. more and more
8. ---The Shuihui Park is not far from the Dinghui Temple in Rugao, so you can easily visit in a day.--- Fantastic! I can’t wait for it.
A. noneB. both C. all D. either
9. ---Would you mind my opening the window?
--- A. Of course, open it
C. Not at all B. Certainly, do please D. No, don’t do it
10. ---Any special in this shopping mall now?
---Sure, there’s a discount on last year’s e-products.
A. type B. price C. offer D. service
11. ---Hello! Would you please _______ me ---With pleasure. Please hold on for a minute.
A. put; outB. put; offC. put; upD. put; through
12. --- I hear it’s not easy to get a ticket for Fast & Furious 7.
--- Exactly. The fi
A. less excitingB. more exciting C. most exciting D. least exciting
13. ---Would you like to visit the zoo with me now?
--- Sorry. It’s ______ the visiting hours. Let’s go there tomorrow.
A. on B. over C. beyond D. during
14. We must learn how to think and do it ourselves we want to develop ourselves to get really creative.
A. but B. thoughC. unlessD. if
?
---Certainly.
A. whether are his works wonderful
C. when is the Dragon Boat FestivalB. if the air is badly polluted D. what’s the story Yu Gong Moves a Mountain about
二、完型填空（本题共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的ABCD四个选项，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Hunter Adams was very unhappy during his teenage days and he spent many years in a special hospital for people with mental(心理的) health problems.
When he was from the hospital, Adams decided to become a school in Virginia, USA. But when he was there, he did things in a way. For example, he didn’t like the doctor’s coats, so he shirts with flowers on them when he visited his and he tried to make them laugh. The doctors at the medical school didn’t like Adams he was too different.
But Adams considered that people in hospital more than medicine. They had unhappy and hearts, and they needed to be helped as patients, but as people too. He spent a lot of time with children in the hospital and often up like a clown(小丑) to make the children laugh.
When he finished medical and became a doctor, Adams his own hospital, called “the Gusundheit Institute”，together with some other doctors. They wanted it to be a place with a different way of Hunter Adams became during the 1980s, and in 1988, Universal Pictures made a film about his life. It was very successful. In the film, Robin Williams played Adams. Williams said, “Hunter is a/anwarm person, who believes that patients need a doctor who is kind and friendly. I enjoyed playing him.”
16. A. out
B. abroad C. far D. away D. hunter
D. orange
D. made
D. players 17. A. nurse B. doctorB. untidyB. hung C. worker C. white C. found18. A. special20. A. woreC. complete D. different 19. A. blackB. yellow21. A. parentsB. patientsC. partners
22. A. after
23. A. play
24. A. lonely
25. A. picked
26. A. school
27. A. cleaned
28. A. connecting
29. A. strong
30. A. exactlyB. when C. becauseD. before D. need D. usual D. looked B. chat B. climbedB. examination C. know C. dressedB. serious C. terribleC. treatment D. care C. playingC. famousC. mainly D. working D. patient D. actually B. opened C. watched D. used B. living B. honest B. really
三、阅读理解（本题共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A In English, people use many expressions with the word dog. People in Britain and America love their dogs and treat them well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care．However, dogs without owners to care for them lead a different kind of 1ife．The expression, to lead a dog’s life，means living an unhappy life.
Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world. That means many people are competing for the same thing，like good jobs．They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. Such work can make people dogtired. And the situation will be even worse if they become sick as a dog. Sometimes we should let a sleeping dogs lie, which means we’d better not trouble a person who is likely to cause problems. And if someone says you’re a lucky dog, he is just saying you are very lucky.
Very often, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To achieve one’s goal, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.
Dog expressions are also used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year．A rainstorm may cool the weather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. We do not want it to rain cats and dogs. 31. According to what have read above, working too hard can make people________.
A. let a sleeping dog lie
B. become a lucky dog D. work like a dog C. live in a dog-eat-dog world
32. What can we learn from the passage?
A. It may difficult for the young to learn new skills. B. Dogs play an important part in language and culture. C. We can be successful if we learn from our mistakes. D. Dogs like the hottest days in summer very much. 33. If we say a person lives a dog’s life, he might be________.
A. a student who does quite well in English
B. a baby that is well taken care of by its mother
C. a person who has endless work to do
D. an old person who refuses to accept new things
B Starting from my second year of primary school, there was one event I hated every
year: the piano recital(独唱会). I didn’t want to practice a boring piece of music and was afraid to perform in front of strangers. Each year I would ask my father if I could
clear the recital “just this once”. And he would say something about building self-confidence and working toward a goal.
So I was very satisfied when I stood in church(教堂) and watched my father play the piano during his very first recital. My father wanted to play music when he was small. But his mother couldn’t afford lessons. Three years ago, when he retired, he asked the church music director, Charles, to take him as a student. Just before the recital, Charles told me my dad was playing “the best I’ve ever seen him.”
For a moment after my father sat down at the keyboard, he simply stared down at(盯得……不敢对视) his fingers. I wondered whether he would even begin. But then Aram Khachaturian’s Melody began. It seemed that my father was so focused on the music that he didn’t realize we were there.
My dad made it through Melody and then through another song. Although he didn’t have much skill, he made up for it in feeling.
My 11-year-old son Jeff was there. “So what did you think about your granddad?” I asked Jeff later. “He was great,” Jeff replied.
My father may not have reached his height musically, but in his grandson’s eyes, he’s at the top of the mountain. 34. From the first paragraph, we know the writer A. practiced the piano every day B. was confident at piano recitals
C. didn’t like to play the piano at all D. was always working toward his goal
35. Which is NOT true about the writer’s father?
A. He was poor when he was a child. B. He gave a piano recital the year he retired. C. The music teacher was proud of him. D. He had learned the piano for three years.
36. Why did people like the performance of the writer’s father?
A. Because he practiced hard. B. Because he was an old learner. C. Because he played with his feelings.
D. Because he communicated with people. 37. What does the story tell us?
A. Children should respect parents’ decisions.
B. Learning an instrument is easy for old people.
C. Never give up on your dreams no matter your age.
D. Skills for playing an instrument are not very important.
C
On March 14, math and science lovers around the world celebrated a special day: Pi Day.
Pi is equal to about 3.14, but the number goes on endlessly. It is sometimes written in Greek, π. With the help of computers, mathematicians have been able to calculate(计算) pi
out to over a trillion (万亿) decimal (小数的) places, but there is still no end to the number.
Pi Day is celebrated around the world on March 14, since how we write this date, 3/14, looks just like the number pi.
For some people, the appeal(感染力) of Pi Day goes far beyond math and science. Pi shows up throughout popular culture. You can see it in movies, comics, music and more. “In modern movies, any time the filmmaker wants to produce a sense of mystery(神秘), often the symbol pi is used,” says David Blatner, Jewish American writer of The Joy of Pi.
People also love trying to memorize the digits (数字) of pi and competing against others to see who can remember the most. Many teachers hold class contests to see how many numbers their students can memorize. The Guinness World Record for reciting the most digits of pi is held by Lü Chao of China, who successfully recited pi out to nearly 67,890 decimal places. Above all, Pi Day is about having fun with the number. People celebrate Pi Day by eating or throwing pie and with fun pi-related games and activities. This year, Princeton, New Jersey, held a birthday party for Albert Einstein whose birthday also falls on March 14. There was also a “Walk a Pi Event” where people walked 3.14 miles together. Just like the number itself, the possibilities for Pi Day are truly endless. 38. The following about Pi Day is true EXCEPT A. it’s on March 14
B. it’s a day just for scientists D. Pi’s Greek form is π B. not clear to the understanding D. of great help B. represent the subject of math D. describe something mysterious B. Activities about pi in class. D. Albert Einstein’s birthday.
D Have you ever experienced the feeling of falling as you start to fall asleep?
Sometimes you may come to realize this feeling. If so, don’t worry. Many people have
felt the same thing.
In fact, these muscle twitches (肌肉抽搐) in the arms, legs or other parts of the
body are called hypnic jerks (入睡抽动) or sleep starts. And they are very common. Up
to 70 percent of people experience them sometimes, Huffington Post reported. But what
causes it?
There are some theories(理论). Some scientists believe that the feeling of falling comes from the body relaxing itself, especially
if
the person is anxious or unable to get comfortable. As you’re about to sleep, your
C. Pi is equal to about 3.14 A. attractive C. exciting A. represent a long number 39. What does the underlined word “” in Paragraph 2 mean? 40. In modern movies, the symbol pi is often used to ________. C. describe something boring A. Fun activities on Pi Day. C. Walk a Pi Event. 41. What does the last paragraph talk about?