Abstract.The construction of basic teaching laboratory of the university to information and network is the trend of the times. Open laboratory construction is helpful for laboratory between universities and society in resources sharing，and can reduce social fixed assets investment, students have more opportunities to understand teaching experiment contents and experiment technology development frontier, they will be more active to design and finish the experiment as well as improve their comprehensive ability and practice ability in practice.
Key words: construction; open; laboratory
Mechanics is not only the basic disciplines, but aslo have the characteristics of the application subject. Mechanics course must pay attention to the theory with practice, make engineering students can abstract and summarize the basic mechanics model from actual engineering, then conduct the theory model solution or experimental study. From what we see, mechanics laboratory have many large equipments, but equipment quantity is so little as well as periods，the research on open laboratory construction is inexperienced，but opening mechanics laboratory can provide students places for the theory with the practice and experimental research, can arouse their study enthusiasm and initiative, and the ability of experiment organization and beginning. To train the students" self development ability to acquire knowledge and independent thinking ability to solve problems, fully exemplifies the effective way of ability training and quality education.
1.Implementation of the construction of an open laboratory
mechanical is technology-based courses which is associated with engineering problems that engineering students access to earlier in university. A series of research results in modern mechanical have a profound impact in disciplines of traditional design criteria and structural failure criteria .The development of experimental mechanics and computational mechanics provides a powerful tool for engineering research and engineering design. Therefore, it should be strengthened the corresponding lab. Experimental teaching is an important part of undergraduate teaching. Mechanics is a very practical subject, weather the results of the theory is correct or can be applied to engineering practice, it should be verified by experiments. Mechanical laboratory classroom training has a special role. Experiment of mechanics has always been attached to the course or part of the theory, The traditional and closed experimental approach have more experimental drawbacks. Main in the following areas.
Students’ experiments are specified experimental time and content and very few students do the further reflection of experiment. It cannot mobilize the enthusiasm of active learning.
There are fewer experiments hours, more validation experiments and less comprehensive design of the experiment for students. They cannot find the place in the learning problems or want to achieve certain design experiment to experiment.
Experimental equipment utilization is low. The closed and results known experiment are not conducive to inspiring students to actively explore the sense of innovation and research capacity. Even cannot effectively train students with engineering sense. Building an open mechanics laboratory, students can actively participate in the experiment through the network, by setting the multi-level, stepped, close to the engineering applications of a series of experiments. Enable students to choose different levels of experiments themselves, understand of the mechanical properties of materials in-depth. Engineering the mechanical phenomenon, and then analyze, explore, find a solution to the problem of reasonable ways and means to enable students in the experiment to develop good scientific quality, innovative spirit and practical ability.
In the open laboratory, students will no longer simplely and passively validate theoretical knowledge in the books or be taught by teachers. The students" initiative are stimulated and their creativities are expressed. It makes the experiment teaching change from simplely demonstrative and validated type into designing and creative type. So as to cultivate the students" independent thinking and the ability to solve problems. And students’ innovation spirit and collective cooperation consciousness are cultivated.
2.Open Laboratory construction plan
Experimental types can be divided into: Validation type, type design, comprehensive type and other different administrative levels.
Laboratory construct a LAN, and connected to campus network.Open to students, and according to their situation ，students can choose experiment of different administrative levels.
Take advantage of LAN todistribute information ,so that students can know the laboratory profile. including laboratory composition, distribution, equipment and personnel, various rules and regulations; Also can be found in the course of laboratory experiments and projects, experimental syllabus and specification, experimental equipment, etc; Let the students according to the teaching requirements to choose their own experiment project, experimental time, experimental teachers, then make online reservations. Students make an appointment to the laboratory experiments, the teacher must carry on heuristic education, such as the type of stress analysis method, the simulation of the actual stress loading method, etc.While guiding students to master basic experimental skills, open experiment for teachers and technicians put forward higher requirements, and improved equipment utilization.
Comprehensive experiments such as variable section of pure bending stress experiments; internal force and stability analysis of statically indeterminate steel frame; shaft brake process dynamic stress test for elements; multifunction vibration test, and so on.
Selected as the test: test on vibration performance.
Engineering design project experiments such as : The strain gauge horizontal effect coefficient determination; Engine crankshaft stress analysis; Floor node stress analysis; The dam section stress analysis, etc. Allows students through access to information, complete experimental design, data processing method for design, analysis of experimental results, the whole process to this to give students flexibility in the use of basic mechanics theory in experimental, education project for awareness training ability, strengthen the experimental skill. Even if some experimental results and theoretical works have greater access to existing theories cannot be used to give a satisfactory explanation, Also allow students to understand the complexity of practical problems, Modeling theory of rationality and limitation of the application，Both give students further enhance creative space，And further improve the comprehensive mechanical qualities of the students, To exercise both student knowledge ability, also to cultivate students " innovative abilities.
3.Advantages of opening laboratory
3.1.Can inspire enthusiasm for study and research
Before the open laboratory, students generally do not preview, do the experiment more passive. In an open lab, students available online preview,, themselves on the computer programming, computer skills have also been used, arouse the enthusiasm of the students participate in the experiment. Students have a new idea, to study the topics of interest to the open laboratory, based on design the plan, earlier participate in scientific research.
3.2.Develop students " practical abilities, problem identification, problem solving, and creative spirit
Experimental process is the process of cultivating a student"s practice ability, experience and scientific research. In this process, the students to think independently and teachers to inspire a student problem identification, analysis, research issues, problem-solving, exercises in practice ability of students to analyze and solve problems. Open the characteristics of students to experiment is interested in the subject to independent research completed .Students " thinking is an active, students in the experimental process will identify and put forward many new problems, teachers not only on specific questions and ability to help students improve study problems. Experiment every time is not required to have a satisfactory result and the expected answer, we must encourage students to explore, exploration can be found. Experimental interaction and exploration for the teaching and learning in the process.
3.3.Cultivating students " rigorous, realistic spirit
Knowledge is a vector, The important thing is in the process of learning knowledge ability cultivation and rigorous scientific spirit. Open Labs to provide students with an opportunity to experience the spirit of science and place.
3.4.Better use the limited laboratory equipment
At present due to the mechanical laboratory equipment limited, not all open-type experiment, needs to increase funding and staffing for the lab to be improved. In addition, the construction of laboratory LAN, building simulation experiment on the Internet is an important part of opening laboratory. After development, students can design their own experiments on the Internet, after the online simulation, and then to the laboratory to complete.
An open experiment is the biggest feature of independent research on issues of interest for students, students can choose topics, or you can design or the design of comprehensive experiment in the lab topics，In his own experiments on computer programmes, under the guidance of the teachers final experimental study on complete tasks in a creative way. One or two-year student, select verify performance tests. Confirmatory experimental arrangements of the less, want ingenious.Performance test should be to break the previous single tests of metallic materials, you can perform a wide range of material (rubber, plastic, leather, wire) tensile, compression, bending, shear and friction mechanical test.
Students of two or three grade laboratory experimental design projects and major projects of comprehensive experiment project design, experimental combination of theory and engineering practice.
4.Conclusion
Of opening laboratory for conducting quality-oriented education and effective ways to promote the cultivation of students ability. Students can choose a suitable experiment, students designed experiments, summarized conclusions, analysis results, arouse the enthusiasm the students " learning, development of experimental skills, improves students " ability to analyze and solve problems. Network management is the future course of laboratory management, should develop networking construction of open laboratory in order to meet the demands of educational reform and development.
5.References
[1]Wang Jinfa andHe Yanming et al.(2007) "The establishment and practice of experimental teaching mode with opening type and research." Higher Education of Sciences NO.6.
[2]Zhang Yongxiong (2008) "The open experimental teaching of the the background of higher education popularization" China Modern Education Equipment NO.67.
[3]Chen Jun (2007.7)" Study on Open Experiment Teaching in Colleges and Universities" VOL.12 NO.4.
[4]Shun Xiu et al.(2008.12)" Open experiment teaching in Higher Vocational Schools" The Journal of Liuzhou Vocational and Technical College VOL.8 NO.4.
[5]Zhu Zhongsui and Chen Zhaoyan " Exploration of open experiment teaching and research" UNESCO Forum.
[6]Zhang Hongsheng and Yang Sanmin et al.(2010) " Study on Open Experiment Teaching" Beijing Higher Education Institute lab work research 2010 Academic Symposium.