篇一：新GRE作文ARGUMENT官方题库+翻译
This page contains the Argument topics for the Analytical Writing section of the GRE?revised General Test. When you take the test, you will be presented with one Argument topic from this pool.
Each Argument topic consists of a passage that presents an argument followed by specific task instructions that tell you how to analyze the argument. The wording of some topics in the test might vary slightly from what is presented here. Also, because there may be multiple versions of some topics with similar or identical wording but with different task instructions, it is very important to read your test topic and its specific task directions carefully and respond to the wording as it appears in the actual test.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1)
Woven baskets characterized by a particular distinctive pattern have previously been found only in the immediate vicinity of the prehistoric village of Palea and therefore were believed to have been made only by the Palean people. Recently, however, archaeologists discovered such
a"Palean"basket in Lithos, an ancient village across the Brim River from Palea. The Brim River is very deep and broad, and so the ancient Paleans could have crossed it only by boat, and no
Palean boats have been found. Thus it follows that the so-called Palean baskets were not uniquely Palean.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
一种具有独特花纹的编织篮子以前只在史前村庄Palea的临近地区发现过，因而被认为是Palea居所独有的。然而最近，考古学家在一个与Palea隔着一条叫做Brim河的村庄Lithos发现了一个这样的Palea篮子。Brim河很深很宽，所以古代Palea人只能坐船穿过它，但没有证据表明Palea人拥有船只。这表明那种所谓的Palea篮子并不是那里所独有的。
1) the author fails to consider the possibility that the Palean may arrived in Lithos through other means
2) the Palean basket could arrive other place through many possible methods such as trade, or boats
possessed by other culture.
3) In Palean times, the Brim River may not be as deep and broad as it is currently.
4) This may also result from migration. 5) 没有证据表明palea和brim是同时期存在的，不同时期情况更复杂
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The following appeared as part of a letter to the editor of a scientific journal.
"A recent study of eighteen rhesus monkeys provides clues as to the effects of birth order on an individual's levels of stimulation. The study showed that in stimulating situations(such as an
encounter with an unfamiliar monkey),firstborn infant monkeys produce up to twice as much of the hormone cortisol, which primes the body for increased activity levels, as do their younger siblings. Firstborn humans also produce relatively high levels of cortisol in stimulating situations (such as the return of a parent after an absence).The study also found that during pregnancy, first-time mother monkeys had higher levels of cortisol than did those who had had several offspring."
Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
最近一项对恒河猴的调查揭示了出生顺序对于个体刺激水平的影响。调查显示在受到刺激的环境下（例如遇到一个不熟悉的猴子），头胎小猴的皮质醇分泌会翻倍，这样增加了它及其兄弟姐妹的身体灵活度。人类的头胎孩子在遇到刺激（例如父母外出回家）时也会分泌出相对浓度的皮质醇。研究同时还发现在怀孕期间，第一次为人母的猴子的皮质醇要比生过几次孩子后的猴子水平高很多。
1) 任何猴子不是一类，不能归于一谈
2) 产生皮质醇的原因可能是由于害怕等因素而非出生顺序
3) 产生皮质醇可能是由于害怕等等因素而非出生顺序
4) 样本的数量和真实性、代表性作者没有说明 5) 母猴体内皮质醇水平跟小猴体内皮质醇水平没有直接关系
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3)
The following appeared as a letter to the editor from a Central Plaza store owner.
"Over the past two years, the number of shoppers in Central Plaza has been steadily decreasing while the popularity of skateboarding has increased dramatically. Many Central Plaza store
owners believe that the decrease in their business is due to the number of skateboard users in the plaza. There has also been a dramatic increase in the amount of litter and vandalism throughout the plaza. Thus, we recommend that the city prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. If
skateboarding is prohibited here, we predict that business in Central Plaza will return to its previously high levels."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
过去两年中，中心广场的顾客数量稳步下降与此同时滑板却急剧增加。很多中心广场的店主认为顾客数量下滑是由于玩滑板人数的增加。同时整个广场废弃物和公物损毁也大大增加。因此，我们建议应该在中心广场禁止玩滑板。如果禁止的话，我们估计中心广场的生意将会恢复到以前的水平。
1) 过去“两年”，时间太短使得数据不具说服性
2) 没有证据表明顾客数量的下降与skateboarder的增加有直接关系
3) 仅仅是店主的看法不具有参考价值，应该调查顾客等更多人的看法
4) 废弃物和公务损坏的增加也会是顾客数量下降的原因
5) 没有证据表明废弃物和公务损坏的增加是skateboarder造成的
171)
The following appeared as a letter to the editor from the owner of a skate shop in Central Plaza.
"Two years ago the city voted to prohibit skateboarding in Central Plaza. They claimed that skateboard users were responsible for the litter and vandalism that were keeping other visitors from coming to the plaza. In the past two years, however, there has only been a small increase in the number of visitors to Central Plaza, and litter and vandalism are still problematic.
Skateboarding is permitted in Mooe Park, however, and there is no problem with litter or
vandalism there. In order to restore Central Plaza to its former glory, then, we recommend that the city lift its prohibition on skateboarding in the plaza."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
两年前，市里投票禁止了在中央广场玩滑板。他们认为是滑板爱好者的废弃物和损毁公物的行为使游客远离了广场。然而在过去两年中，中央广场的游客却只有少数增加，而且废弃物和损毁公物的行为依然存在。滑板运动在M公园就被允许，但是那里却没有任何的废弃物和损毁公物的行为。为了能让中央广场重新焕发生机，我们建议市里应该取消广场禁止滑板的限令。
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4)
The following appeared in a letter from a homeowner to a friend.
"Of the two leading real estate firms in our town—Adams Realty and Fitch Realty—Adams Realty is clearly superior. Adams has 40 real estate agents; in contrast, Fitch has 25, many of whom work only part-time. Moreover, Adams' revenue last year was twice as high as that of Fitch and included home sales that averaged$168, 000, compared to Fitch's$144,000.Homes listed with Adams sell faster as well: ten years ago I listed my home with Fitch, and it took more than four months to sell; last year, when I sold another home, I listed it with Adams, and it took only one month. Thus, if you want to sell your home quickly and at a good price, you should use Adams Realty."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
在本市的两家最大的房地产经纪公司--Adams Realty和Fitch Realty--之中，Adams显然更优秀一些。Adams有40名房地产经纪人，而Fitch只有25个，且很多是兼职工作。而且，Adams去年的收入是Fitch的两倍，其平均房价为$168000，而Fitch仅为$144000。在Adams销售的房屋卖得也更快：十年前，我把我的房产交给Fitch，它用了四个多月才卖出去；去年，我在Adams卖了另一处房产，仅用一个月就售出了。因此，要想让你的房产卖的更快更好，你应该选择Adams。
1) A的收入是F的两倍，但没有数据显示A售出房产的数量是F的两倍，所以很可能A收取了较
高的中介费
2) A的房价比F高没有考虑到房产的净价值，可能A的房产本来就价值高，所以售价较高
3) 十年前的数据不能跟去年的数据比较，不具可比性
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette.
"On Balmer Island, where mopeds serve as a popular form of transportation, the population increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island should limit the number of mopeds rented by the island's moped rental companies from 50 per day to 25 per day during the summer season. By limiting the number of rentals, the town council will attain the 50 percent annual reduction in moped accidents that was achieved last year on the neighboring island of Seaville, when Seaville's town council enforced similar limits on moped rentals."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
b岛的人口在夏季达到了100000，而助力车则是岛上一种非常普遍的交通方式。为了减少由助力车和行人引发的事故，b岛市政府应该限制岛上夏季助力车租赁公司的租车数量，从原来的每天50量减少到25量。通过限制出租数量，市政府将会实现助力车事故减少50％的目标，就像去年邻近s岛市政府在实施了同样的政策后所取得的效果。
1) 没有证据显示岛上的人车交通事故是因为助力车造成的，原因可能主要是由于行人的不遵守交通规则造成。
2) 即使是降低了50%的数量，也不意味着会降低50%的事故啊，可能车少了开的就会更快，反而会增加事故的严重性
3) 岛上助力车租赁公司的租车数量占的比例多吗?减少会明显改变岛上助力车的总量吗？
4) 没有证据显示助力车过多造成了事故，作为主要的交通工具，可能正是因为助力车在夏季过少， 才导致大多数人不得不走路，而更多的人走到了助力车道，造成交通事故，加大助力车的投入可能还会减少事故的发生
5) 在s岛上产生的效果不一定在b岛产生
159)
The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette.
"The population on Balmer Island increases to 100,000 during the summer months. To reduce the number of accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians, the town council of Balmer Island plans to limit the number of mopeds rented by each of the island's six moped rental companies from 50 per day to 30 per day during the summer season. Last year, the neighboring island of Torseau
enforced similar limits on moped rentals and saw a 50 percent reduction in moped accidents. We predict that putting these limits into effect on Balmer Island will res(本文来自：Www.dXF5.com 东星资源 网:grewriting)ult in the same reduction in moped accidents."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the prediction and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the prediction.
b岛的人口在夏季达到了100000，而助力车则是岛上一种非常普遍的交通方式。为了减少由助力车和行人引发的事故，b岛市政府应该限制岛上夏季助力车租赁公司的租车数量，从原来的每天50量减少到25量。去年邻近T岛市政府通过限制出租数量，助力车事故减少50％的。我们预计B岛的相同限制也同样会起到效力并使助力车事故降低50%。
173)
The following appeared in a letter to the editor of the Balmer Island Gazette.
"The population on Balmer Island doubles during the summer months. During the summer, then, the town council of Balmer Island should decrease the maximum number of moped rentals
allowed at each of the island's six moped and bicycle rental companies from 50 per day to 30 per day. This will significantly reduce the number of summertime accidents involving mopeds and pedestrians. The neighboring island of Torseau actually saw a 50 percent reduction in moped accidents last year when Torseau's town council enforced similar limits on moped rentals. To help reduce moped accidents, therefore, we should also enforce these limitations during the summer months."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
b岛的人口在夏季翻了一番。b岛市政府应该限制岛上夏季助力车租赁公司的租车数量，从原来的每天50量减少到25量，这将有助于减少由助力车和行人引发的事故。去年邻近T岛市政府通过限制出租数量，助力车事故减少50％的。为了减少助力车事故，因此我们也应该采取相同的政策。 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6)
Arctic deer live on islands in Canada's arctic regions. They search for food by moving over ice from island to island during the course of the year. Their habitat is limited to areas warm enough to sustain the plants on which they feed and cold enough, at least some of the year, for the ice to cover the sea separating the islands, allowing the deer to travel over it. Unfortunately, according to reports from local hunters, the deer populations are declining. Since these reports coincide with recent global warming trends that have caused the sea ice to melt, we can conclude that the
purported decline in deer populations is the result of the deer's being unable to follow their age-old migration patterns across the frozen sea.
Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
北极鹿生活在加拿大极地区域的岛屿上。它们全年都通过冰块在岛屿间移动来寻找食物。它们的栖
居地局限在那些温暖得足以维持它们所需的植物生长，并且在一年的至少某些时候冷到足以让岛屿间的海面结冰以使它们能够在岛屿间旅行的地方。然而，根据当地猎人的报告，鹿的数量正在下降。由于这一报告正好与最近导致海洋冰面融化的全球变暖趋势同时发生，我们可以得出结论：北极鹿的数量的下降是它们无法按它们原有的迁移习惯穿越结冰海面的结果。
1) 猎人的报告是可靠？之前的鹿大概有多少头，之后的鹿有多少头？是否仅仅是因为鹿迁移出了猎人居住的区域
2) 也可能有其他原因，比如天敌数量增加等等，导致鹿的数量下降，并不一定是温度升高所致
3) 猎人的猎杀也会造成鹿的数量的下降，猎人很可能在推卸责任
4) 还有，而且没有证据表明冰川已经融化到无法迁移的程度，即使已经融化到无法迁移了，那么气候变暖也可能会导致岛上的植被增加，可能已经可以满足鹿的需求，反而不用迁移了，无法迁移并不一定意味着鹿的数量会减少
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The following is a recommendation from the Board of Directors of Monarch Books.
"We recommend that Monarch Books open a caféin its store. Monarch, having been in business at the same location for more than twenty years, has a large customer base because it is known for its wide selection of books on all subjects. Clearly, opening the cafe would attract more customers. Space could be made for the cafe by discontinuing the children's book section, which will probably become less popular given that the most recent national census indicated a significant decline in the percentage of the population under age ten. Opening a cafe will allow Monarch to attract more customers and better compete with Regal Books, which recently opened its own café."
Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation is likely to have the predicted result. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
我们建议m书店在电内开设一个咖啡厅。M书店在目前的店址上已经经营了20多年，并由于其广泛的图书种类而拥有了庞大的客户群体。很明显，新开设的咖啡厅会吸引更多的客户，空间可以通过撤出儿童书籍柜台来获得，因为最近一次全国调查显示10岁以下儿童的比率显著下降，所以儿童书就可能没以前那么畅销。开设新咖啡厅将会使m吸引更多客户并更好的与最近刚开设了咖啡厅的r书店展开竞争。
98)
The following is a recommendation from the business manager of Monarch Books.
"Since its opening in Collegeville twenty years ago, Monarch Books has developed a large
customer base due to its reader-friendly atmosphere and wide selection of books on all subjects. Last month, Book and Bean, a combination bookstore and coffee shop, announced its intention to open a Collegeville store. Monarch Books should open its own in-store cafe in the space currently devoted to children's books. Given recent national census data indicating a significant decline in the percentage of the population under age ten, sales of children's books are likely to decline. By replacing its children's books section with a café, Monarch Books can increase profits and ward off competition from Book and Bean."
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
自打20年前在C开设以来，M书店就因其友善的氛围和广泛的图书种类而拥有了一大批顾客。三个月，B&B，一家综合咖啡书店，宣布其要在C开设新店。我们建议m书店在电内开设一个咖啡厅，空间可以通过撤出儿童书籍柜台来获得，因为最近一次全国调查显示10岁以下儿童的比率显著下降，所以儿童书就可能没以前那么畅销。开设新咖啡厅将会使m吸引更多客户并更好的与B&B书店
篇二：GRE填空
1. A new television documentary focuses on one of the prime minister’s defining contradiction, portraying her as a woman who cultivated an image ofbut who liked to live grandly.
2. In proto-scientific times (for example, in ancient Greece), claims about the physical world were often accepted as true if they were reasonable; experimental verification if thought necessary at all was
3. The economic recovery was some what lopsided:in some of the industrial economies whilein others of them.
4. Scholarly works on detective stories often begin with suggesting that there is something vaguely wrong with adults who spend their time reading such fiction and certainly somethingthose who devote energy to its analysis.
5. Due to the extraordinary circumstances, British business owners found themselves in a position during the Second World War, forced to accept regular interference from government and to acquiesce torole for labor unions in negotiating the terms and conditions of employment
1. The apace travels described in science fiction stories always used to be epic adventures, in comparison to which current journals in space seem quite.
2. Medieval cathedrals still stand as marvels of architecture but as far as modern science is concerned, medieval physics and chemistry are simply irrelevant, at best a dead end, at worst the very of what science is supposed to be.
3. Although trains may use energy more than do automobiles, the latter move only when they contain at least one occupant, whereas railway carriages spend a considerable amount of time running up and down the tracks ; or nearly so.
4. Historian Barbara Alpern Engel’s task in writing a book about women in Russia must have been a ____ one , because thethe Russian empire’s peoples meant that Russian women could never be treated as a homogeneous group.
5. One sometimes hearts that Marco Polo introduced pasta to the Western world, having encountered it in China. This durable myth, which that nothing should have been known of pasta in Italy until 1295, when Marco Polo returned from the Far East, can easily be by pointing out that there are Italian references to pasta that .
篇三：3山重水复疑无路——对GRE A nalytical Writing 本质的探究
Issue篇
作为开篇谈论的第一个话题，我想从一个issue最基本的，也是最容易被忽略的地方开始谈起——我们如何看待issue以及issue到底需要我们讨论什么
新东方，市面上的参考书谈论过了无数次，流行的喜欢给出的观点是，你的观点是什么都不重要，可以对题目中的话题采取任意的立场：赞同、反对或是中立均可
这个观点绝对是一个真理，在ETS的官方指南上也可以找到相应的说明： you are free to accept, reject, or qualify the claim made in the topic, as long as the ideas you present are clearly relevant to the topic you select.
然而这样的一个direction只能是大概指出一个模糊的方向，没有提供太多可以参考的实施方案或者价值。下面我从issue题目的出题来源和方式，先去探究我们应该如何去看待issue，然后再来从题材的角度讨论issue到底需要我们讨论什么。
中国学生在中学时代经历的作文形式和GRE作文有着显著的差异。无论是从题材的涵盖范围还是思维方式上，GRE作文的要求方式都是令中国学生耳目一新的。传统的中国中学的作文，最常见的就是“命题作文”，给出一个关键词然后自由发挥，后来改进一点叫做“话题作文”，给出一个引子，然后在引子的基础上展开。
GRE作文中issue题目到底怎么去看待呢？有一个广受大家忽视的东西——ETS的direction点出了issue题目的本质。这里说到的direction不是前一段时间才被引起重视的AW intro（其实direction是在intro后面最不起眼的地方） ，而是我们平时模考的时候使用的AWP1.73将quick start这一项的勾去掉之后所多出来的对于写作的介绍的那个部分，是在题目出来之前显示的direction。看到这里赶紧把AWP173调出来，翻到direction的部分吧
Direction中有一句话是这么说的
Each topic will appear as a brief quotation that states or implies an issue of general interest.
这句话清晰的表明，每一个题目不是像中国传统的命题作文的毫无生气，而是都带有一些特定兴趣倾向和感情色彩的。
或者乐观积极
78 "Schools should be required to teach the essential interconnectedness of all human beings and thus help eliminate wars, cultural clashes, and other forms of conflict."
学校应该教给学生所有人类之间本质的互通性，这样就能有助于消除战争、文化抵触和其他形式的冲突。
或者悲观消极，
114 "Humanity has made little real progress over the past century or so. Technological innovations have taken place, but the overall condition of humanity is no better. War, violence, and poverty are still with us. Technology cannot change the condition of humanity."
人道主义在上个世纪并没有真正的发展。科技发展，但是人道主义的整体面貌并没有得到改善。战争、暴力、贫穷一直困扰着我们。科技不能改变人道主义状况。
或者持关切态度
40 "Scholars and researchers should not be concerned with whether their work makes a contribution to the larger society. It is more important that they pursue their individual interests, however unusual or idiosyncratic those interests may seem."
我们不应该仅仅关注学者和研究者的著作能否对社会做出贡献。更重要的是关注他们如何追求实现自己的兴趣，无论那些兴趣显得是多么的非同寻常。
或是批判
61 "High-profile awards such as the Nobel Prize are actually damaging to society because they suggest that only a few people deserve such recognition." [05/14; 06/1]
最高荣誉比如诺贝尔奖实际上是在损害社会，因为这种奖项在暗示只有
少数人才配得上这样的荣誉。(少数和多数，精英和大众)
68 "People make the mistake of treating experts with suspicion and mistrust, no matter how valuable their contributions might be."
人们总是错误地对待专家，怀疑、不信任他们，不管专家们的贡献有多大。
或者装深沉
64 "Many people know how to attain success, but few know how to make the best use of it."
很多人懂得如何去获得成功，但是很少有人知道如何最好的去利用成功。
206 "People are too quick to take action; instead they should stop to think of the possible consequences of what they might do."
人们行动太快了；他们应该停下来想一想行动的可能后果。
或者是建议
79 "Major policy decisions should always be left to politicians and other government experts, who are more informed and thus have better judgment and perspective than do members of the general public."
重大的政策决定应该留给那些政治家和**专家们，他们比老百姓拥有更多的信息，因此具有更好的判断力和远见。
或者偏激
212 "If a goal is worthy, then any means taken to attain it is justifiable." 如果一个目标是值得的，那么追求目标的任何手段都是正当的。
或者对现状的忧虑
128 "It is often asserted that the purpose of education is to free the mind and the spirit. In reality, however, formal education tends to restrain our minds and spirits rather than set them free."
人们经常说教育的目的是释放人们的心灵。但实际上，正规的教育却倾向于束缚而非释放了人们的心灵。
130 "How children are socialized today determines the destiny of society. Unfortunately, we have not yet learned how to raise children who can help bring about a better society."
孩子融入社会的能力决定了社会的命运。遗憾的是，我们还不知道怎样培养孩子使他们对社会有益。
或者说教
134 "Students should be encouraged to realize that mental agility and rhetorical skill must be accompanied by sincerity and the true conviction of their own beliefs."
必须鼓励学生们意识到：机智和修辞技巧必须以真诚和真正的信仰为基础。