剑桥6阅读答案

篇一：剑桥雅思6第一套阅读section2真题原文+详细解析

ass="txt">READING PASSAGE 2

You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26, which are based on Reading Passage 2 below.

DELIVERING THE GOODS

The vast expansion in international trade owes much to a revolution in

the business of moving freight

A International trade is growing at a startling pace. While the global

economy has been expanding at a bit over 3% a year, the volume of trade has been rising at a compound annual rate of about twice that. Foreign products, from meat to machinery, play a more important role in almost every economy in the world, and foreign markets now tempt businesses that never much worried about sales beyond their nation's borders.

B What lies behind this explosion in international commerce? The general worldwide decline in trade barriers, such as customs duties and import quotas, is surely one explanation. The economic opening of countries that have traditionally been minor players is another. But one force behind the

import-export boom has passed all but unnoticed: the rapidly falling cost of getting goods to market. Theoretically, in the world of trade, shipping costs do not matter. Goods, once they have been made, are assumed to move instantly and at no cost from place to place. The real world, however, is full of frictions. Cheap labour may make Chinese clothing competitive in America, but if delays in shipment tie up working capital and cause winter coats to arrive in spring, trade may lose its advantages.

C At the turn of the 20th century, agriculture and manufacturing were the

two most important sectors almost everywhere, accounting for about 70% of total output in Germany, Italy and France, and 40-50% in America, Britain and Japan. International commerce was therefore dominated by raw materials, such as wheat, wood and iron ore, or processed commodities, such as meat and steel. But these sorts of products are heavy and bulky and the cost of transporting them relatively high.

D Countries still trade disproportionately with their geographic neighbours. Over time, however, world output has shifted into goods whose worth is

uelated to their size and weight. Today, it is finished manufactured products that dominate the flow of trade, and, thanks to technological advances such as lightweight components, manufactured goods themselves have tended to become lighter and less bulky. As a result, less transportation is required for every dollar's worth of imports or exports.

E To see how this influences trade, consider the business of making disk drives for computers. Most of the world's disk-drive manufacturing is

concentrated in South-east Asia. This is possible only because disk drives, while valuable, are small and light and so cost little to ship. Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market. Distance therefore poses no obstacle to the globalisation of the disk-drive industry.

F This is even more true of the fast-growing information industries. Films and compact discs cost little to transport, even by aeroplane. Computer software can be ?exported' without ever loading it onto a ship, simply by

transmitting it over telephone lines from one country to another, so freight rates and cargo-handling schedules become insignificant factors in deciding where to make the product. Businesses can locate based on other considerations, such as

the availability of labour, while worrying less about the cost of delivering their output.

G In many countries deregulation has helped to drive the process along. But, behind the scenes, a series of technological innovations known broadly as containerisation and intermodal transportation has led to swift productivity improvements in cargo-handling. Forty years ago, the process of exporting or importing involved a great many stages of handling, which risked portions of the shipment being damaged or stolen along the way. The invention of the container crane made it possible to load and unload containers without

capsizing the ship and the adoption of standard container sizes allowed almost any box to be transported on any ship. By 1967, dual-purpose ships, carrying loose cargo in the hold* and containers on the deck, were giving way to all-container vessels that moved thousands of boxes at a time.

H The shipping container transformed ocean shipping into a highly efficient, intensely competitive business. But getting the cargo to and from the dock was a different story. National governments, by and large, kept a much firmer hand on truck and railroad tariffs than on charges for ocean freight. This started changing, however, in the mid-1970s, when America began to deregulate its transportation industry. First airlines, then road hauliers and railways, were freed from restrictions on what they could carry, where they could haul it and what price they could charge. Big productivity gains resulted. Between 1985 and 1996, for example, America's freight railways dramatically reduced their employment, trackage, and their fleets of locomotives - while increasing the amount of cargo they hauled. Europe's railways have also shown marked, albeit smaller, productivity improvements.

I In America the period of huge productivity gains in transportation may be

almost over, but in most countries the process still has far to go. State

ownership of railways and airlines, regulation of freight rates and toleration of anti-competitive practices, such as cargo-handling monopolies, all keep the cost of shipping unnecessarily high and deter international trade. Bringing these barriers down would help the world's economies grow even closer.

* hold: ship's storage area below deck

Questions 14-17

Reading Passage 2 has nine paragraphs, A-I.

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-I, in boxes 14-17 on your answer sheet.14 a suggestion for improving trade in the future

15 the effects of the introduction of electronic delivery

16 the similar cost involved in transporting a product from abroad or from a local supplier

17 the weakening relationship between the value of goods and the cost of their delivery

Questions 18-22

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?

In boxes 18-22 on your answer sheet, write

TRUEif the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

18 International trade is increasing at a greater rate than the world economy.

19 Cheap labour guarantees effective trade conditions.

20 Japan imports more meat and steel than France.

21 Most countries continue to prefer to trade with nearby nations.22 Small computer components are manufactured in Germany.

Questions 23-26

Complete the summary using the list of words, A-K, below.

Write the correct letter, A-K, in boxes 23-26 on your answer sheet.

THE TRANSPORT REVOLUTION

Modern cargo-handling methods have had a significant effect on

23................. as the business of moving freight around the world becomes increasingly streamlined.

Manufacturers of computers, for instance, are able to import 24................. from overseas, rather than having to rely on a local supplier. The introduction of

25................. has meant that bulk cargo can be safely and efficiently moved over long distances. While international shipping is now efficient, there is still a need for governments to reduce 26................. in order to free up the domestic cargo sector.

A tariffs B components C container ships

D outputE employees F insurance costs

G trade H freight I fares

J software K international standards

篇二：剑桥雅思6阅读解析-Test2

arly, certain diseases are beating a retreat in the face of medical advances. 解析：如果段落首句中出现了复数名词，且该名词在下文很容易一一展开形成列举逻辑，则 可确定该句为主题句。 就本段而言，certain diseases（某些疾病）明显是可以一一展开来写的，因此本段的主题就 是 certain diseases。 2. 第六段首句（段落首句中的表语从句） One interesting correlation Manton uncovered is that better-educated people are likely to live longer. 解析：其实表语从句完全可以看做宾语从句的另一种表达，甚至连引导词都相同（that） ，如 果能够理解这一点，也就不难判断段落首句中的表语从句才是主要阅读内容。 就本段而言，首句完全可以改写成: Manton uncovered that better-educated people are likely to live longer is one interesting correlation. 因此本段的主题核心为 better-educated people are likely to live longer。参考译文老年人的年轻化老年人越来越健康、幸福和独立，美国科学家如是说。一项为期 14 年的研究在本月末发表 的结论中说，受老年病影响的老年人越来越少，受影响的时间也越来越迟。 在过去的十四年中，国家长期健康调查局收集了超过 20000 名年龄在 65 周岁以上的老年人 的健康和生活方式方面的数据。研究人员正在分析 1994 年收集到的数据，他们说，该年龄 段人群经常患有的关节炎、高血压和血管病每年的发病率都在降低。数据清晰表明，上述疾 病发病率下降的速度也在加快。其他的老年病，如老年痴呆、中风、动脉硬化和肺气肿等的 发病率也在降低。 “这引发了一个严肃的问题，即多大年龄才应该被认为是正常的老龄。 ”北加州 Duke 大学 人口学家 Kenneth 如是说。他说，1982 年的医生们认为正常情况下在 65 岁发作的疾病，现 在要在 70 甚至 75 岁才发病。 很明显，某些疾病在不断进步的医学面前正在溃退。但是也许还有一些其他原因。例如，二1

十世纪前二十五年出生的儿童的营养的提高使得今天的老年人在起跑线上就赢过了他们的 父辈。 从负面看来， 这些数据也显示了公共卫生方面的一些失败之处， 这些失败导致了一些疾病的 激增。 某些癌症和支气管炎发病率的增加也许可以证明人们吸烟习惯的改变和空气质量的降 低。 “这些可能只是一些微妙的影响”Manton 说， “但是我们的受调查者 60 多年来生存其中 的空气质量越来越糟。我们看到某些后果也不足为奇。 ” Manton 提出的一个有趣的关联是，人们受教育水平越高，寿命就越长。例如，65 岁的受教 育少于 8 年的妇女的平均寿命为 82 岁。 受教育时间长于 8 年的妇女的平均寿命则高出 7 年。 尽管这可能与较高的收入也有关系，但 Manton 认为这主要是因为教育程度较高的人会在健 康方面更加注意。 调查也对 65 岁以上的老年人的(本文来自：WWw.DXF5.com 东 星 资 源 网:剑桥6阅读答案)独立程度进行了评估， 并且再次发现了一个惊人的趋势。 1994 年的调查对象中，大约有 80%可以完成日常活动，如自己吃饭穿衣，甚至煮饭和理财等复 杂工作。这意味着人口中没有自理能力的老年人的数量在快速下降。如果美国 14 年前出现 的明显趋势仍在延续，那么经研究人员计算，今天的人口中，没有自理能力的老年人的数量 将多出 100 万。Manton 说，该趋势的减缓已经为美国政府的医疗系统节省下了至少 2000 亿 美金，这意味着美国人口老龄化造成的财务负担并不像想象中的严重。 很多老年人自理能力的增强很可能与家中越来越多的使用简单医疗辅助设施有关。 例如， 从 研究伊始至今，加高马桶座的使用量已经翻了一番，浴缸凳的使用也增加了五成。这些改变 带来了健康方面的改善， Macarthur 基金会对健康老年人所作的一项研究得出了这样的结论。 每天保持一定量的体育运动可以防止大脑老化，加州大学神经学家 Carl Cotman 如是说。他 发现，老鼠在滚笼里的运动提升了它们大脑中脑源性神经因子的水平。Cotman 认为，这种 激素可以保持神经系统正常工作，从而防止大脑的老化。 作为上述研究的一部分， 南加州大学社会流行病学家 Teresa Seeman 发现在 70 岁以上人群中， 自尊与压力之间也存在着关联。在实验性模拟挑战行为（如驾驶）中，感觉自己能够控制生 活的研究对象的压力激素（如可的松）水平比较低。长期维持类似激素的的高水平可以导致 心脏病。 但是独立也有缺点。 Seeman 发现情感上比较孤独的老年人在睡眠中压力激素的水平也较高。 研究指出，如果老年人感到自己是独立的，但同时知道需要帮助的时候会有人伸出援手，他 们才会感觉最好。 “与很多老龄化研究一样，这些结论只是证明了一些常识。 ”Seeman 如是说。这些结论还表 明，我们也许正在开始理解这些简单因素带来的影响。 “你祖母告诉你的那些事终究还是对 的。 ”她说。READING PASSAGE 3文章结构2

体 主裁 题说明文 计数发展史段落概括 第一段 第二段 第三段 第四段 第五段 第六段 第七段 计数是人类一项伟大而重要的成就 数字概念的发展过程 算数和计数的早期发展阶段的证据 某些文化所用的语言不擅长数字表达 数字认知的重要阶段在于把数字看成抽象概念 当今语言中仍能见到计数发展最初阶段的痕迹 数字认知与数数能力的发展并存。本节考查词汇第一段 numeration intellectual feat facility conviction remarkable achievement followed by 第二段 sequence tribe perform herb sophisticated paramount semi-permanent ancestor reflect on3[ ] [ ] [ [ [ [ [ ] ] ] ] ]n. adj. n. n. n. adj. n.计数 智力的,显示智力的 技艺,技艺表演 设备，工具 深信, 确信 显著的 成就 随后[ [ [ [ [ ] [ [ ] ['?nsist?] ] ] ]]n. n. v. v. adj. ] adj. adj. n. v.顺序 部落 完成（任务） （用草）饲养 复杂的 极为重要的 暂时的 祖先 思考，反省，怀疑

第三段 arithmetic indigenous accompany gesture resolve suffice aspect confusion 第四段 trace back to expression denote court of law 第五段 fundamental abstract attachment particular conceive distinct elementary hindrance notation 第六段 canoe relic diversity 第七段 intermix formation pebble indispensable ultimate [ [ [ [ ] [ ]4[ [ [ [ [ [ ['?spekt] [k?n'fju:??n] ] ] ]] ] ]n. adj. vt. n. vt vi. n. n. v.算术, 算法 土著的 伴随 姿态, 手势 解决 足以应对 方面 混淆，混乱追溯到 语法, 措辞 表示 法庭[ [ ]]n. vt.[ ] [ [ [ [ [ [ ] [ [n?u'tei??nl] [ [ [dai'v?:siti] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ]adj. adj. n. adj. vi. adj. adj. n. adj. n. n. n. v. n. n. adj. n.基础的 抽象的, 深奥的 附件，附属品 特殊的 设想 截然不同的 初步的 障碍 符号性的 独木舟, 轻舟 遗留 多样性(使)混和 构成 小圆石, 小鹅卵石 不可缺少的 最终

memorise reference[ ['refr?ns]]v. n.记忆 参照，参考考题精解 Questions 27-31『题型』 SENTENCE COMPLETION 『解析』 此题型可视为多个选择题将选项合并后的模式。由于绝大部分选项将要入选，所 以建议先阅读选项，并选取关键字，可避免很多重复阅读。 题号 27 关键词 developed system 原文定位 第二段倒数第四行 sophisticated 题解 选 B 。关于定位：整篇文章都是谈跟 numbering/numeration 有关的内容，所 以，我们应该重点寻找修饰成分 developed 在原文中的同义替换。 在第二 段倒数第四行可以找到 sophisticated 相 当于 developed，仔细阅读该句， 发现前 面所说的 “grow plants and herd animals” 是选项 B 中 farming 的同义替换。 28 hand signal 第 三 段 第 四 行 gesture 选 E。 该段第四行的 gesture 一词是 hand signal 的同义替换，可确定此句为考查 点。原文说“手势用来协助解决理解混 乱” ，且上句说某些土著人“只能”数 很简单的数字。说明这种混乱指的是这 种局限性，可替换 E 中的 restricted。 29 seventh-cent ury Europe/ count certain number 30 concept/sepa rate/ physical objects 第五段 第 四 段 第 二 行 （European）及第四 选 A。利用特殊时间和地点名词迅速定 位。在该段结尾处发现词组 in fact, 所以 witness 及 court, 可替换 A 中 civic role 。 选 C。 段落首句 （主题句） 中 abstract idea instead of…particular objects 替换题干 中 concepts separate from physical objects， 可确定该题是对该段的考查。 次句涉及 earliest human 和 bird， 选项 中并无相关词汇，可跳读。末句中再 次出现题干相关词汇的替换 （independent of object）,精读末句发 现 development of ….arithmetic，对应 C 中关键词。5行（seventh century） 判断它之后的文字应为答题方向。 段末句

篇三：[雅思阅读]剑桥雅思1-6阅读真题全接触

lass="txt">凯哥花了点时间把到目前为止的剑桥雅思系列A类试题的标题及其内容做了以下总结

希望对大家有用处！

剑桥雅思1

剑桥雅思2

剑桥雅思3

剑桥雅思4

剑桥雅思5

剑桥雅思6