篇一：高考英语阅读理解中的长难句
="txt">再复杂的复合句，只要能恰当地运用句法知识进性结构和功能分析，就可突破其含义，准确地理解短文大意，获取重要信息。一、抓住结构引导词分析其长难句结构和功能
任何一个复杂长句都不外乎由一个或多个并列结构和复合句构成。并列结构一般有连词and，but，or等连接；复合句按其在句中的作用可分为名词性从句、形容词性从句(定语从句)和副词性从句(状语从句)三大类。任何一个复合句都有一个至几个反应逻辑、意义及结构关系的引导词，找出这些引导词就能分析出复合句的完整句子结构，清理出完整意义。平时要注意积累表示各种逻辑关系的连词和短语。表示目的：
so that，for the purpose that，in order that等；表示结果：so…that…，such…that…，as a result，therefore，thus等；表示条件：if，on condition that，unless等；表示原因：because，since，as等。
【例l】Another good thing about the use of noise-killing systems is that it saves the need for a silencer, which not only and work better．(NMETl995 C篇)
析：这是一个含有that引导的表语从句的复合句。并且表语从句后接了which 引导的非限制性定语从句。非限制性定语从句内有not only…but also…连接的并列结构。句意：噪音消除系统应用的另一好处就是没有必要使用消声器．这不仅减轻了轿车的重量。而且使发动机耗油更少，运转更好。
【例2】We even have different words for some foods, meat in particular, depending on whether it is still out in the fields ，Normans were doing most of the eating． (NMET2001D篇)
析：whether…or…表示判断选择的搭配结构，which 引出定语从句，指代前文中的事实，that引出同位语从句，while里，还是即将就厨。这表明撒可逊农民干的是农活而上层的诺曼人干的是吃喝。
【例3】A Swedish Kennel Club official explains what this means: if your dog runs out on the road and gets hit by a passing car，as the owner，you have to pay for any damage done to the car，even if your dog has been killed in the accident． (NMETl997 C篇)
析：该句前半部分explain接what引导的宾语从句：后半部分对此进行具体解释，其中，在主句前后各有一个if导的条件状语从句和even if引导的让步状语从句。as the owner是插入语。句意：一个瑞典Kennel俱乐部的官员解释了这项(法律)的含义，如果你的狗跑到公路上被汽车撞了。作为主人。即使你的狗被撞死了，你也要为被撞坏的汽车做出赔偿。
【例4】，found I have to reach down and under, pick the tomatoes and withdraw (缩回) my full fist without dropping the prize SO dearly won．(2005全国I卷E篇)
析：全句是由and连接的两个并列分句，在前半句中含有which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰整个主句．在定语从句中，means后接宾语从句，意为―首先，我必在叶丛中找到红的西红柿，这意味着我差不多要倒立了‖。在后半句中once found为一省略they are的时状语从句。主句中reach，pick，withdraw为并列谓语动词，意为―一旦发现，我必须伸手到底下摘西红柿，然后缩回来，而不把用这么昂贵的方式得来的
奖品弄丢‖。
【例5】It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computersjust about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when an e-mail is introduced，the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet．
析：此句夹杂较复杂的句型结构。although引导的让步状语从句中，主干部分为just about anyone can tell you that…在that引导的宾语从句中又含有when引导的时间状语从句。句意：由于因特网的使用。计算机所使用的纸张的数量是很难衡量的，然而几乎任何在办公室工作的人都能告诉你。当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。也就是说近年来人们对于纸张的日益需求主要是由于越来越多的使用因特网。
【例6】These words, which I have just made up, have to stand for tings and ideas that we simply can't think of．
析：后句包含两个定语从句，一个是由which引导的非限制性定语从句修饰words；一个是由that引导的定语从句修饰things and ideas。该句意为：这些字是我编造的，必定代表我们没有想到的事物和主意。
二、抓主干、剔从句
一个句子的支架就是句中的谓语动词。根据英语中五种基本句型结构，把句子中的主语、宾语、表语等主要成分找出来，其他成分如定语、状语、补语等则一目了然易于理解。一些长句其实就是一个由主句和若干个状语从句
组成的一个多层次主从复合句，一定要搞清主句和状语从句之间的逻辑关系，只要把逻辑关系搞清楚了，则长难句就好对付了。如果把各个从句剔出来单独理解，再把大意拼凑起来，构成整个
长句的意思，就可降低长句的理解难度。如：
【例1】(2005全国I卷E篇)
析：句子主干部分为one tiny 9-inch plant has already taken over much of my rose bed and…。bought短语、covering短语分别作定语和状语。句意：一个在春天时花$1．25买的九英寸植物已经接管了我的玫瑰苗圃，覆盖了我的其他植物。正在向前门发展。
【例2】 Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest ．(2005全国I卷D篇1
析：句子主干部分为Lewis found that…，在that引导的宾语从句中，含有两个who引导的定语从句。修饰 the oldest child和the youngest。句意：莱温斯发现在有三、四个孩子的家庭里，晚餐的谈话焦点往往是年龄最大和最小的孩子。最大的总是有许多的东西要说，而最小的则需要最多的关照。
【例3】 that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer.. (NMET2002春招D篇) 析：第一个that引出宾语从句，第二个that引出定语从句。第三个that引出同位语从句。句意：Pasteur发现 (宾语从句) 在酒发酵之后，再加温几分钟，能杀死残留在酒中的酵母(定语从句)，其结果能使酒的保鲜时间更长(同位语从句。
【例4】 family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation． (NMET2002春招E篇)
析：在这个句子中，what引出主语从句。who引出定语从句，is后用that引出两个并列表语从句。句意：关于那个救了他的命的19岁的人 (定语从句) winter知道的仅仅是，(主语从句) 他死于一场车祸(表语从句1)，他的家人尊重他的意愿把他的器官捐献出来，用于移植(表语从句2)。
【例5】 working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able t study at the Ecole polytechnique.(03C篇) 析：句子主干部分为the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds，过去分词短语put forward by…作状语，现在分词短语including…作定语，短语中含有两个由wh0引导的定语从句。句意：这个定理．先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难。包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习曾女扮男装。
三、抓关键词
关键词即为含有句子主要意思的关键信息，抓住关键词读者可以快速抓住该句大意和理解线索。
【例1】Tales from Animal Hospital will delight all fans of the program and anyone who has a lively interest in their pet，whether it be cat, dog or snake! (NMET2003C篇)
析：关键词：fans…爱好者．whether…or…无论是……还是……句意：来自动物医院(这个电视节目)的故事(这本书)，将使这个电视节目的爱好者以及对无论是猫、狗还是蛇这类宠物有浓厚兴趣的任何人感到高兴。
【例2】After their stay, all visitors receive a survival certificate recording their success, that is, when guests leave the igloo hotel they will receive a paper stating that they have had a taste of adventure．
析：句中含两个分词短语，关键词state―表明‖。句意：在他们逗留之后。所有的游客都会收到一份生存证明记录他们的成功．也就是说当游客离开小冰屋旅馆时，他们会得到一份证明．表明他们曾尝试过冒险。
【例3】白领雇员), who can afford white—collar employees．
析：关键词：rest in依赖，in other words换句话说。句意：主要的市场因素取决于白领工人的人数增加，这些人付得起这种新型服务。换句话说，上海的汽车出租行业发展如此快，主要是因为白领工人人数的增加。
四、恢复原来面貌，理解创新句型
难句的另一种形式是各种创新句型，主要形式有省略、插入语、前置、倒装、强调、被动、双重否定等结构。我们可以利用还原法和消原法，还复杂句型以本来面目，以求顺利理解。
【例1】Excused from recycling (回收利用)because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute (垃圾道)（00E篇) 析：分析句子结构及语法功能不难发现该句为省略句，可补充还原为：Are you excused from recycling because you live in a high rise with a rubbish chute?你住在带垃圾通道的高层楼房上就可获准不参与回收利用垃圾吗?
【例2】Betty, shrugs. Talk? We’re friends．(NMET2001 E篇)
析：该句为省略句，根据上下文作者因妻子长时间跟女友谈话而感到纳闷的情节，该句可补充还原为：Betty shrugs. Why are we talking so long? We’re friends．贝蒂耸了耸肩，为什么我们谈这么久?我们是朋友。
【例3】 ―Most women, ‖says Rubin, ―identified (认定) at least one, usually more, trusted friends to whom they could turn in a troubled moment, and they spoke openly about the importance of these relationships in their lives．‖(NMET01 E篇) 析：该句为由并列连词and连接的并列复合句。前半分句主谓部分被says Rubin分开，且含有一个由to whom引导的定语从句．turn to中介词to前置。Rubin说多数女子会认定至少一个．通常多个，可信赖的朋友，以便在处境困难时去求助。
【例4】 No longer will the public accept the old attitude of ―Buy it．throw it away，and forget it．‖(01 C篇)
析：本句为倒装句，可还原成：The public will no longer accept the old attitude of ―Buy it，throw it away，and forget it‖．公众们不再接受―购产品、丢产品、忘产品‖的旧观点。
【例5】How is it t hat the can leave Betty and her friend Joan sitting on the sofa, talking, go out to a ballgame，come back three and a half hours later, and they’re still sitting on the sofa ,talking? (NMET2001 E篇)
析：这是一个it强调句型的疑问句，that后有两个由and连接的并列分句，前一并列分句为leave，go out, come back为并列的谓语动词。句中的两个talking作状语表示伴随动作。
的爱心的狗能成为无判断力的(忠实的)听者，这是刚开始搞阅读的小孩所需要的。
Part A
1. Jenner discovered that people who worked with cattle often suffered from a harmless disease which they caught from the cattle, but these people never seemed to get smallpox. (上海1997 B篇)
2. My parents wanted to know if I was sure, if I knew what it meant and whether I realized that if I gave up my job training，it would be very difficult to get a good job． (上海1997 A篇)
3. Victor Prozorov’s disappointment was shared by several grand masters who were present，some of whom were so upset that they shouted at the computer---a better chess player． ( NMETl991 C篇)
4. Decision is not unlike poker – it often matter not only what you think, but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think. (NMET2000C篇)
5. With their shining brown eyes, wagging tails, and unconditional love, dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed for a beginning reader to gain confidence, according to Intermountain Therapy Animals (ITA) in Salt Lake City.
(NMET2003B篇)
6．Having chosen family television programs and women’s magazines，the toothpaste marketer，for instance，must select the exact television programs and stations as well as the specific women’s magazines to be used.
7．In the 1970s he was a surgeon at Yale，had a wonderful wife and five beautiful children，but he was terribly unhappy.
8. Discrimination(歧视) isn’t their only concern；almost everyone testing positive for the Huntington’s gene(基因) develops symptoms(症状) during middle age， and doctors can do nothing to help.
9. I can’t live in fear of the possibility that as the earth’s population grows and we use more and more of our
noenewable(不能再生的) resources，our children may have to lead poorer lives.
10. However，those of us who are parents of children in this age group know that such offers are relatively rare and that many liberal-arts students(文科生) graduate with the belief that the prospective(预期的) workplace may not have a place for them..
11. His journey to the e-mail hell began innocently（无知地）enough when, as chairman of Computer Associates
International，a software company，he first heard how quickly his employees had accepted their new electronic-mail system.
12. I have known changes for the better and changes for the worse，but I have never questioned the fact that whether I liked it or not，change was unavoidable.
13. They also found that the bus conductor had a major role in preventing vandalism（故意破坏行为），and at the times he went up the stairs to the upper deck to collect fares，vandalism did not often occur.
14. Such tasks are generally important in their outcome，which only adds to the pressure to do good job，and yet their very complexity makes it difficult to know just where or how to begin.
15. Today it is not unusual for a student，even if he works part time at college and full time during the summer，to have $5,000 in loans(贷款) after four years—loans that he must start to repay within one year after graduation.
16. What emerges(浮现) is a picture of an environment where the emphasis is on managing the technology as it spies on people doing their jobs，rather than promoting quality service to customers and providing a fair workplace.
17. Justice does demand that murderers be punished. And common sense demands that society be protected from them. But neither justice nor self-preservation demands that we kill men whom we have already imprisoned.
Part B
1. Their study found that theobromine，found in cocoa，was nearly a third more effective in stopping coughs than codeine，which was considered the best cough medicine at present.
The Imperial College London researchers who published their results online said the discovery could lead to more
effective cough treatment，―while coughing is not necessarily harmful(有害的) it can have a major effect on the quality of life and‖ this discovery could be a huge step forward in treating this problem，‖ said Professor Peter Barnes.(08全国 ll D篇)实例： 53.According to Professor Barnes，theobromine______.
A. cannot be as effective as codeineB. can be harmful to people’s health
C. cannot be separated from chocolateD. can be a more effective cure for coughs
2. Much of the energy that comes from the Sun never reaches the Earth’s surface. It is either reflected or absorbed by the gases in the upper atmosphere. Of the energy that reaches the lower atmosphere，30% is reflected by clouds or the Earth’s surface. The remaining 70% warms the surface of the planet.(NMET 2008 江苏卷B篇)
实例： 60.Only a small part of the Sun’s energy reaches the Earth’s surface because most of it is______.
A. absorbed by the clouds in the lower atmosphere
C. lost in the upper and lower atmosphere B. reflected by the gases in the upper atmosphere D. used to evaporate water from the oceans and lakes
3. The response to her request for help was so huge that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment (Kids F.A.C.E.) in 1989.There are now 300，000 members of Kids FACE worldwide and is the world’s largest youth environmental organization. (NMET 2008 山东卷D篇)
实例：72.Kids F.A.C.E is______.
A. a program to help students with writingB. a project of litter recycling
C. a campaign launched by President BushD. a club of environmental protection
73.What can we learn about Poe?
A. She was awarded a prize in Brazil. B. She donated billboard across the country.
C. She got positive responses for her effortsD. She joined the National Park Service.
4. One of the reasons that made it cool for him not to care was the power of his peer(同龄人) group.(08 辽宁卷C篇) 实例： 64.Why did Tom give up studying?
A. He disliked his teachers.
C. It’s cool for boys of his age not to care about studies. B. His parents no longer supported him. D. There were too many subjects in his secondary school.
5. The endless choice gives birth to anxiety in people’s lives. Buying something as basic as a coffee pot is not exactly simple. Easy access to a wide range of everyday goods leads to a sense of powerlessness in many people，ending in the shopper giving up and walking away，or just buying an unsuitable item(商品) that is not really wanted.(NMET 2008重庆卷E篇) 实例：73.Why do more choices of goods give rise to anxiety?
A. Professionals find it hard to decide on a suitable product.
B. People are likely to find themselves overcome by business persuasion.
C. Shoppers may find themselves lost in the broad range of items.
D. Companies and advertisers are often misleading about the range of choice.
6. As the only girl in a family of seven children，she often felt like she had ―seven fathers，‖ because her six brothers，as well as her father，tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant，she retreated(躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading，she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.(NMET 2008天津卷A篇)
实例：36.Which of the following is TRUE about Cisneros in her childhood?
A. She had seven brothers.B. She felt herself a nobody.
C. She was too shy to go to school. D. She did not have any good teachers.
7. They may think that eating lunch is the cause of the sleepiness. Or，in summer，they may think it is the heat. However，the real reason lies inside their bodies. At that time —about eight hours after you wake up—your body temperature goes down. This is what makes you slow down and feel sleepy. (NMET 2008 四川卷C篇)
实例：44.Why do people feel sleepy in the early afternoon according to the text?
A. They eat too much for lunch.
B. They sleep too little at night.C. Their body temperature becomes lower.D. The weather becomes a lot warmer.
8. These brain differences also explain the fact that more men take up jobs that require good spatial skills，while more women speech skills. It may all go back to our ancestors(祖先)，among whom women needed speech skills to take care of their babies and men needed spatial skills to hunt，according to one research.(NMET 2008陕西卷E篇)
实例：59.Which of the following do you agree with according to the fourth paragraph?
A. Young boys may be stronger than young girls. B. More women take up jobs requiring speech skills
C. Women may have stronger feelings than men. D. Our ancestors needed more spatial skills.
9. In those days，IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it. However，a lot of IP，including songs，films，books and artwork，can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet.(NMET2008江西卷D篇)
实例： 69.What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?
A. It makes IP rights harder to protect.B. It sells songs and films.
C. It does not affect the way we understand IP rights.D. It prevents the production of artwork.
70.According to paragraph 2，what has ―taken the world by storm‖?
A. Intellectual property rights. B. The Internet.
C. Free downloading. D. The large number of songs，films and books.
10. The busier we are，the more important we seem to ourselves and，we imagine，to others. To be unavailable to our friends and family，and to be unable to find time to relax—this has become the model of a successful life.(NMET 2008湖北卷D篇)实例：74.According to Paragraph 4，a successful person is one who is believed to ____ .
A. be able to work without stress B. be more talented than other people
C. be more important than anyone elseD. be busy working without time to rest
11. The researchers said that among the problems with some earlier studies is that they often failed to take into account those people most at risk for skin cancer—people with fair skin and freckles(雀斑)，for example—are more likely to use sunscreen. As a result，it may appear that sun(转载自：www.dXf5.cOm 东星资源网:高考英语长难句)screen users get cancer more often.(NMET 2008福建卷E篇) 实例：73.People with fair skin and freckles______.
A. seldom use sunscreen B. are more in danger of skin cancer
C. can be free from the harm of the sunD. often expose themselves to the sun
12. Yocum and Bell，who have just completed an art gallery for the city，feel that the experience from decoration of their building，focusing on the inside rather than the outside，has influenced their work. It has also given these architects a chance to show how they can make more out of less.(NMET 2008湖南卷B篇)
实例：63.It can be inferred from the passage that Yocum and Bell______.
A. benefited a lot from pulling down the roof B. turned more old buildings into art galleries
D. paid more attention to the outside of the gallery C. got inspiration from decorating their old building
Part B 答案
1—2 DC 3.D C 4. C 5.C 6.B 7.C 8 B. 9AC 10.D 11.B 12.C
篇二：2014高考英语真题完形长难句汇总
p class="txt">1. （重庆） When visiting another country, you should be aware of those differences and respect them.2. （重庆） Wearing proper clothes is important too, for locals will judge you by what you wear.
3.（重庆）All our shared life, I was the “artist”， bringing to our house much imagination.
4. （重庆）He fixed the faucet, adjusted the dishwasher door, and replaced a showerhead。
5.（浙江）What I finally came to remember was one day, several months before, when some students were giving reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke quietly , and to encourage her to raise her voice。
6. （课标II）They both knew that if Simon continued alone, he would probably get back safely.
7. （课标II）He thought that Joe must be dead, but he didn’t want to leave immediately.
8. （新课标I）Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of great things, which they never had time to do while working.
9.（天津）One night, when I was eight , my mother gently asked me a question I would never forget. “Sweetie, my company wants to promote me but needs me to work in Brazil.
10. （四川）My husband, Tom, has always been good with animals, but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡).
11. （四川） When hunting season opened, we put a sign at the end of our driveway asking hunters not to shoot our pet grouse.
12.（陕西）As we were leaving, we realized that only minutes earlier an eldly woman had fallen over at the entrance and hit her head on the ground.
13. （山东） While nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an) interest in medicine.
14. （山东）Upon graduation, Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.
15. （山东）A couple of weeks passed and in walked this guy and his wife again.
16.（辽宁）Thinking more about Ken’s words, I gradually recognized the root cause of such disagreement. It’s the result of the action that really matters
17. （江西）To tell you the truth, James, my neck has been so painful that it’s given me a heavy headache.
18. （江西）Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow?
19. （江苏）It was a need that he first recognized back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State
Teachers College in Warrensburg.
20. （江苏）Speaking before groups did help him gain the confidence he needed.
21.（湖南）It didn’t make use of long muscles we used to throw a baseball，and it wasn’t a smooth operation like ice-skating.
22. （湖南）Deal with wrinkles one at a time,” as Mom might have said, “and before long everything will get ironed out.”
23.（湖北） When our restaurant business failed, we headed north in a camping truck
to Texas, hoping to have a “fresh start”.
24. （湖北）They were strong and cold, rocking our little camping truck violently, and we lay shaking in the dark until the winds died away.
25. （广东）Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say.
26.（广东）It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.
27.（福建）So it was with really great satisfaction that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and watched my 68-year-old father sweating in his shirt before rising to play the piano in his very first recital.
28. （北京）All I knew was that she was an orphan (孤儿) from Africa.
29. （北京）She had just been adopted by a family in town who decided that the best way for her to learn American ways of life was to be with american kids. 30.
30.（安徽）My family persuaded me that a(n) holiday might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I went.
答案
1.【翻译】当你参观另外一个国家的时候，你应该意识到这些差异并尊敬这些差异。
【分析】本句中有一个省略句，在连词when的后面省略了you are。当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致且含有be动词的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词一起省略。
2.【翻译】穿合适的衣服也很重要，因为当地人会根据你穿的衣服来判断你。
【分析】本句中的动名词短语wearing proper clothes在句中做主语，单个的动名词做主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。第二句中的for表示补充说明，另外句中有一个宾语从句what you wear，作为介词by的宾语，其中的what既是引导词也在句中作为动词wear的宾语。
3.【翻译】在我们一起度过的生活里，我就是一个“艺术家”，只是给我们家呆了很多想象力。
【分析】本句中的现在分词短语bringing to our house much imagination,在句中充当状语。因为动词bring与句子主语I构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语。如果两者构成被动关系，就使用过去分词短语做状语。
4.【翻译】他修理好了水龙头，调整了洗碗机的门，还换了一个淋浴头。
【分析】本句中的三个动词fix, adjust和replace构成了并列关系，在最后两个之间使用连词and连接。
5.【翻译】我最后记得的是几个月前的一天，当一些学生在班级前面发表演讲的时候，Jeanne的声音很小，为了鼓励他提高声音，我说?
【分析】本句中的What I finally came to remember是一个主句从句，what既是引导词也在句中作为动词remember的宾语；在后面的宾语从句中有一个四件状语从句when some students were giving reports in the front of the class，后面句中还有一个不定式to encourage her to raise her voice在句中做目的状语。
6.【翻译】他们都知道如果Simon独自一人继续回家，他很可能会安全到达营地。
【分析】本句中的动词knew后面含有一个that引导的宾语从句，在这个宾语从句中有一个条件句if Simon continued alone，所以动词knew后面的that不能省略。
7.【翻译】他以为Joe一定会死了，但是他不想立刻就离开。
【分析】本句中的must be dead，是情态动词must表示推测的用法，must通常表示有把握的肯定推测。有把握的否定推测使用can’t,而不是mustn’t。but是一个表示转折关系 的并列连词。
8.【翻译】在人们退休之前，他们经常计划做很多很棒的事情，这些事情是他们工作时没有时间去做的。
【分析】本句中含有时间状语从句Before people retire，使用一般现在时代替将来时。同时句中还有一个which引导的非限制性定语从句which they never had time to do while working
修饰前面的先行词great things.
9.【翻译】当我八岁的一个晚上，妈妈温柔地问了我一个我永远都不会忘记的问题：亲爱的，我的公司想要提拔我，但是需要我在巴西工作。
【分析】本句中的, when I was eight是一个时间状语从句，后面的主语中有一个定语从句I would never forget修饰先行词a question。
10.【翻译】我的丈夫Tom总是和动物很友好，但当我发现他和一直雌性的松鸡成为朋友时，我仍然很惊讶。
【分析】本句中的but连接的是两个并列句，表示转折关系。在后面一个并列句中有when引导的一个时间状语从句when he befriended a female grouse (松鸡).
11.【翻译】狩猎季节到的时候，我们在马路的一头放了一个标志，叫猎人不要射杀我们的宠物松鸡。
【分析】本句中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，后面主句中有一个现在分词短语asking hunter not to shoot our pet grouse做定语修饰前面的名词a sign。这个现在分词短语相当于which asked hunters not to shoot our pet grouse.
12. 【翻译】当我们正要离开的时候，我们意识到几分钟之前，一位老人在入口处摔倒，头部摔到了地板上。
【分析】本句中的as引导的是一个时间状语从句，句中使用过去进行时表示过去将来时，所使用的动词必须是表示位置变化的动词。要特别后面主句中的时态，本句中摔倒在地是在我们要离开之前就发生的事情，所以使用过去完成时。
13.【翻译】当她在照顾生病的妹妹那几年里，Charlotte发现自己对于医学产生了星期。
【分析】本句中状语从句While nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years中省略了she was。当状语从句的主语和主句主语一致，且含有be动词的时候，可以把状语从句的主语和be动词都省略。另外本句还可以表示while省略，形成现在分词短语nursing her ill elder sister throughout the years在句中做状语。
14.【翻译】大学一毕业，Charlotte就回到蒙特利尔，开办了一个私人诊所。
【分析】本句中的介词upon“一?就”，后面接名词或者动名词做宾语，本句中使用名词graduation，还可以使用动名词graduating。
15.【翻译】几个星期过去了，这个家伙和他的妻子又一次走了进来。
【分析】本句中有一个全部倒装句in walked this guy and his wife again.句首的in是副词，后面的主语是名词this guy and his wife，所以需要使用全部倒装句。如果副词放在句首，主语是代词的时候，则不需要全部倒装。如Here comes the bus.
篇三：高考英语长难句
一、句中套句，环环相扣1.【全国新课标I，B篇】 These were the real deal ----- and at that moment, I realized 2.【新课标II, D篇】 Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze (迷宫)where it is easy to get lost!
3.【浙江卷 A 篇】One girl, who had just come to us from a school where she had had a very hard time , looked at me steadily for a long time after I had finished.
二、并列句
1.【湖北卷, A篇】The pony responsible for some ice cream in the car park near Haytor, I’d jumped in ahead of him.
2.【天津卷B篇】 While household robots today do the normal housework, social robots will be much more like companions than mere tools.
3.【四川卷 B篇】 When we complained about the terrible smell, Dad said the stronger the manure, the healthier the crops, and he was right.
三、简单主句， 复杂从句( 判断主从句）
1.【湖南卷，C篇】 the keeper’s family made it a game to see
2.【四川卷, E篇】I was inspired while watching a television program showing how sleds might have helped with pyramid construction.
3.【广东卷，D篇】However , the 1995 pop song Common People put forward the view that though a middle-class person may ‘’ want to live like common people ‘’ they can never appreciate the reality of a working-class life.
四、简单主句， 复杂介词短语
【新课标II , B篇】 Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating , people are often less self-conscious (难为情) when they are in poorly lit places --- and so more likely to eat lots of food.
【新课标II , C篇】 The gap-year phenomenon originated with the months left over to Oxbridge applicant between entrance exams in Novermber and the start of the next academic year.
【福建卷，D篇】 This tension between what we feel we can have and what we’re seemingly able to have is the annoying sufferings , the anxiety we feel .
【湖南卷，A篇】 people of all ages happily walk along the pavement with eyes and hands glued to the mobile phone , quite unaware of what is going on around them.
五、用了代词的平衡句
【湖南卷，B篇】An engineer named Ellis convinced the city that it had
no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt .
【陕西卷，C篇】It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects of life , from the local environment to the global ecology.
【四川卷，C篇】By analyzing the numbers, it found the average mother works 119 hours a week , 40 of which would usually be paid at a standard rate 79 hours as overtime.
【北京卷，A篇】When Grylls heard about Nicholas’ amazing deeds , he was super impressed that Nicholas had made it since he knew better than anyone how hard Nicholas had to work to stay alive.
六、各种从句并用
【四川卷, D篇】Although Dr Dominoni has only studied light pollution , other research concluded 【北京卷，D篇】Surveys on this topic suggests that parents today continue to be ‘’ very ‘’ or ‘’somewhat ‘’ overly-protective even after their children move into college dormitories.
【江苏卷，B卷】Even when the machines are recycled and the harmful metals removed, the recycling process often is carried out in poor countries, in practically uncontrolled ways which allow many poisonous substances to escape into the environment.