篇一：高考英语考纲重点词汇用法总结精编
v.动词 vi.不vt. 及物动词prep.介词 conj.连词interj.感叹词
A
1.ableunable ability n.disable vt.使残废 disabled adj.残废的
2.about be about to do sth.即将做......
3.above---below over---under
4.accept~ A as B 把A当作B接受/接纳 cf. receive
5.accident accidental adj.偶然的；偶发的 by ~/chance偶然地
6.ache n./ vi. toothache backacheheadache
7.across---through across the world=all over the world
8.act v./n.action n.active adj.actively adv. activity n.活动
act as...扮演；充当 be active in...=take an active part in...积极参加 act...out表演出
9.actual adj.actually adv.事实上
10.add v.addition n.additional adj.附加的；额外的
add to sth.增强 add A to B把A加到B上去 add...up把......加起来
add up to sth.合计为；意思是 in addition=what’s more=besides而且
11.admire vt. admiration n.admirer n. ~ sb. for sth因......钦佩某人 in admiration钦佩地 12.admit vt.承认；录取 admit doing sth. be admitted into a college被......录取
13.advance v. advanced adj.先进的；高级的 in ~ = ahead of time提前
14.advice u.n. advise vt. give sb. advice on sth. advise sb. to do sth./ advise doing sth.
cf. advise与persuade
15.affair n.事物family/foreign/love ~s
16.afford vt. can ~ (to do) sth.
17.afraid adj.I’m ~ so/not.恐怕是这样/不是这样。
18.Africa n. African n./adj. Asia---Asian America---American Australia---AustralianAustria---Austrian奥地利人（的） Canada---Canadian
19.again~ and ~=over and over=time and again反复地once ~=once more=~又一次
20.three years ago （一般过去时） three years before（过去完成时）
21.agree vt.agreement n.协议 agreeable adj.可爱的
~ to sth.同意某事~ on sth（经讨论）达成共识 ~ with sb.同意某人
come to/arrive at/reach an agreement达成协议
22.agriculture n.agricultural adj. industry---industrial
23.aim n./v. ~ at...瞄准；意思是
24.alive adj.(表语形容词) eat sth ~ bury sb. ~catch sb. ~
Cf. living活着的 live现场直播的 lively活泼的
25.air n.in the ~在空中on the ~在播出 by ~乘飞机
26.allow vt. allowance n.补助金；补贴
~ sb. to do sth. ~ doing sth. ~ for...考虑到；酌量Smoking is not ~ed here.
27.almost adv.几乎(可接否定词)nearly adv.（不接否定词） 28.alone adj./adv.独自的；单独的lonely adj.寂寞的；孤独的
29.along adv./ prep. all ~=all the time一直
30.although conj.虽然；尽管 though conj. 虽然；尽管 though adv.尽管如此（句末）
31.anger n.angry adj.hunger n. hungry adj.
32.announce vt. announcement n.make an announcement
33.another pron.one after ~= one by one another three chairs= three more/ other chairs
34.always adv. for ~/ good/ ever永远 He is ~ talking in class.(反感) He is ~ asking clever questions.(赞扬)
35.answer n./v.the ~ to the questionin ~ to响应；回答
~ the door/phone/letter~ for=be responsible for为......负责
36.anxious adj.急切的；焦虑的anxiety n.
be ~ to do sth.迫切要去做...... be ~ about..＝worry about/ be worried about...担心
He is too ~ to leave the lonely island.(too...to与anxious连用不表示否定)
37.any常用在否定句、疑问句、条件句中 Come to me if you have any question.
no=not any全否He has no brothers.= He has not any brothers.
38.apologize/apologise v.道歉apology n.
~ to sb. for doing sth.=make an apology to sb. for doing sth.因某事向某人道歉
39.argue v.辩论；说服argument n. ~ with sb. about sth. cf. debatequarrel
40.arm n.arms n.武器；怀抱take sb. by the ~拉住某人的胳膊 ~ in ~
carry sth in one’s ~s抱着...... ~s sale军火销售 be armed to the teeth武装到牙齿
41.army n.军队；群 an ~ of ants一大群蚂蚁
42.arrive vi.到达arrival n.~ at a conclusion得出结论~ at an agreement达成协议 ~at/ in sp.
cf. reach vt. come vi.
43.art n.artist n. artistic adj.艺术的 artificial adj.人工的；人造的fine ~s美术
44.article n.文章；件an ~ of clothing/ furniture
45.as prep.作为work ~...serve ~... act ~... be famous ~... use A ~ B
accept/regard/ treat/consider/ think of/ look at/take A ~ B把A当作B
~ it is事实上mistake A ~ B误以为A是B
as conj.按照；像Dance ~ I showed you.
as conj.随着；一边......一边As time goes by, he has come to love Ningbo as his second hometown.
He usually does his homework ~ he listens to music.
as conj.虽然；尽管（倒装语序）Clever ~ you are, you have to work harder to fulfill your dream.
Fast ~ you run, you can’t catch me up.=Run ~ you may, you can’t catch me up.
=Fast runner ~ you are, you can’t catch me up.
as conj.像一样He is ~ busy ~ a bee. He did the job ~ well ~ Bob did. ~ Zhao Benshan.Peter is not ~/ so tall as Bill.
as conj.由于As you go to the bookshop, please get me a Harry Porter VI.
as pron.(引导定语从句)I will buy such a pen ~ you are using.I study in the same school ~ Mary. Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.cf. Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.
46.ashamed adj.羞愧的be ~ of...对感到羞愧
47.ask v.~ sb. for sth.向某人要......~ A after B向A问候B~ for trouble自寻烦恼
~ sb. to do sth.~ to do sth.~ to be done~ about...询问；打听
48.asleep adj.fall ~ =go to sleep入睡（动作） be ~= sleep睡着（状态）be fast ~睡得香甜
49.assist vt.帮助 assistance n. assistant n.助手an assistant professor副教授
50.attack v./n.be under ~遭到攻击 an air ~空袭
51.attempt n./v.努力；尝试~ to do sth.= make an ~ to do sth. in an ~ to do sth.努力/尝试去做......
52.attend v.出席；照顾 attendant n.服务员~ to sb./ sth. 照料；从事；处理
53.attention n.attentive adj.注意力集中的 pay ~ to sth.注意...... draw sb’s ~ (to sth.)吸引某人的注意力（到......）
54.attract vt.吸引 attractive adj.有吸引力的；迷人的 attraction n.吸引（人的人或物）
be attractive to sb.吸引某人 be attracted to sth. 被......吸引
55.average n./adj.平均(的) on (the) ~ 平均（来说） above/below the ~ 在一般平均以上/下
56.awake adj.醒着的 v.醒来（awoke/awoke; awaked/awaked）
B
1.bad adj. (worse/worst)from ~ to worse每况愈下 go ~ 变质Not ~.还好
2.badly adv. be ~ ill得了need sth. ~ 急需 be ~ off生活较差
3.baggage u.n.行李（=luggage）
4.balloon n.气球
5.bargain v. 讨价还价n. 讨价还价；便宜货 a real ~便宜货
6.base n. 基地；基础 vt.以......为基础~ A on B A以B为基础/依据be ~d on以......为基础
7.bath n.洗浴 bathe v. be bathed in the sunshine沐浴在阳光之中
8.bear vt.忍受；承受(bore/born-borne) He can’t ~ being looked down upon.
He was born in Shanghai. They have borne three children.
9.beat v.打；击败（beat/beaten）
10.beauty n. beautiful adj.beautifully adv. beautify vt.美化
11.become/became/become link.v.系动词
12.because of=on account of=owing to prep. 由于 She cried because of what I had said about her work.
13.bed n.go to ~ (college/church/court/hospital)(零冠词)强调动作
be in ~ (college/church/court/hospital) 强调状态make the ~
14.beg v.乞讨；哀求 begging begged beggar n.乞丐 ~ sb. for sth.go ~ging去乞讨
15.begin/began/begun v. beginningbeginner初学者Well begun, half done.良好的开端成功的一半。 to ~ with首先=first of allin the beginningat the beginning of
16.believe vt.belief n.信仰；信念
17.bend/bent/bent v. 弄弯~ over sth. 伏在......上面be bent over......一心想/做
18.besides prep./adv. 除了（以外）B~ English, we study five other subjects.
I don’t like football; ~, the weather is too hot.(=what’s more; in addition )
19.best do/try one’s ~ =do what one can=do everything (that) one can=spare no efforts=go all out尽力
all the best(wishes)祝好
20.better be ~ off富裕 be worse off贫困had ~ =might as well最好
He’d ~ come earlier, hadn’t he? Better late then never.
21.beyond prep.在......以外 The beauty of the West Lake is ~ description. Sorry. This is ~ my power.
22.bill n.帐单 foot the ~ 埋单
23.biology n.生物学 biological adj.生物学的 biologist n. 生物学家
24.birth n. birthday birthplace at birth天生 give ~ to 生育
25.bite/bit/bit:bitten v.咬 Never bite off more than you can chew.要量力而行。
26.blame vt.责备be to ~ (for doing sth.)因......而应受责备~ sb. for doing sth. 因......而责备Don’t ~ the child for the broken glass. It was my fault.
I wonder who is to ~ for the broken glass.=I wonder who to ~ for the broken glass.
27.blood n.血bloody adj.血腥的 bleed v.流血 a bleeding nosea bloody war
28.blow/blew/blown v.吹~ up爆炸 ~ sth. up把......炸毁 ~ ...away把吹走
29.boil v. boiling water在沸腾的水 boiled water沸水boiling hot超热
30.bone n. bony adj.瘦骨嶙峋的=skinny
31.brain n.大脑 brains智力 If only I had your ~s!
32.bottom n.底部from the ~ of one’s heart 发自内心;衷心地from top to ~从顶到底 B~ up！干杯！
33.brave adj.bravely adv.bravery n.
34.break/broke/broken v.~ down出故障；破除 ~ up破坏；解散；开垦~ into sp.闯入；侵占 ~ the law/rule违反 ~ one’s promise食言~ away (of)脱离
~ forth/out爆发 ~ off折断；突然中断 ~ open撬开 ~ with与......断交
c.n.休息 take/have a ~
35.breath n.breathe v. bath---bathe breathless adj.上气不接下气的
hold one’s ~ 屏住呼吸 lose one’s ~上气不接下气(动作) be out of ~上气不接下气（状态）
catch a ~喘口气 breathe one’s last死
36.bring/brought/brought vt.~ sb. up抚养 ~ sth. up呕吐;提出bring sth. forward提出
37.Britain n.British adj.the Great Britain大不列颠
38.broad adj.宽阔的abroad adv.在国外 aboard adv.在船（飞机、火车等）上broaden vt.拓宽
39.broadcast/broadcast/broadcast vt.广播~ sth. live现场直播 Cf. cast/cast/castforecast/forecast/forecast
40. build/built/built vt.建造；建设 building n.~ ...up建造 ~ A into B把A建成B
41.burn/burnt/burnt v. ~ sth. up烧光 ~ sth. to the ground=~ sth down夷为平地 It’s ~ing hot.
42.burst vt.爆发；爆炸~ sth. up =blow sth. up炸掉~ into tears/laughter/cheers
~ out crying/laughing/cheering ~ into...闯入~ forth= ~ out= break forth= break out爆发
43.bury vt.埋葬burial n.葬礼~ sb. alive活埋
44.busy adj. business n.Business is business.公事公办Business before pleasure.先干正事后娱乐
be ~ (in) doing sth.= be busy with sth. go to sp. on business到......出差get (down) to business 开始干正事
45.but conj. But me no ~s.不要辩解。 but for要不是因为 the last line but two倒数第二行
46.butcher n.屠夫go to the ~’s去肉店
47.butter n.黄油48.buy/bought/bought vt.I won’t ~ your story.我才不信呢。
49.by prep.乘坐~ bus/train/plane/ship/air/sea/water/land on/in a trainin a plane
C
1.call v./n.~ for请求；要求；需要；呼吁 ~ at sp.参观~ on sb.访问 ~...off取消
~ out大声叫喊 ~ forth...唤起；鼓起（勇气等）call (on) sb. to do sth.号召
2.camp v.宿营 n.帐篷go camping去宿营
3.capital n.资本；首都 capitalism n.资本主义 capitalist n.资本主义者adj. 资本主义的
4.care v. ~ for...喜爱；关心；照管 ~ about...关心；顾虑
care n. take ~ of...照料；照看take ~当心；保重 under the ~ of在......的照料下
with ~ =carefully小心地；慎重地
5.carpet n.地毯
6.carrot n.胡萝卜
7.caryy vt. ~ sth. in one’s arms抱着 ~ sth. on one’s back背着
~ sth. in one’s hands捧着~ sth. in one’s hand拿着
~ sth. out实施；执行~ ...away带走；冲昏...的头脑
~ sth. on继续下去~ through坚持到底
8.cart n. 马车 Never put the cart before the horse.不要本末倒置
9.case n.情况；案例；病历；箱子in ~ 万一（可单独使用也可接句子） in ~ of万一(接名词、代词、动名词等) Take an umbrella in ~.Take an umbrella in ~ of rain.Take an umbrella in ~ it rain/in ~ it should(万一) rain. 10.castle n.城堡 a ~ in the air空中楼阁
11.catch/caught/caught vt.抓住~ sb. = ~ up with sb.追上 catch sight of突然看到~ hold of突然抓住 ~ (a ) cold得感冒 ~ sb.’s attention/ eye吸引的注意力 ~ sb. doing sth.
be caught in a rain遭遇风雨等 be caught in/between the trees卡在树中
12.ceiling n.天花板
13.celebrate v. 庆祝celebration n.~ one’s birthday/Christmas/Easter/New Year’s Day (=mark/observe/keep)
14.center/centre n.中心；中部 central adj.
15.century n.世纪 the twelfth ~
16.certain adj. ~ly adv. certainty n. 确定性 It is ~ that he will make it.=He is ~/sure to make it. be ~/sure about...对确信
17.chain n.链条；锁链a ~ shop连锁店a ~ smoker连续吸烟者
18.chair n.椅子 chairman主席；书记；懂事长chairwomanchairperson19.chalk u.n. 粉笔 a piece of ~
20.chance n.机会by ~ 偶然 take one’s ~碰运气；冒险Chances are that he will win.=Possibly he will win.
21.change v./n.变化~/turn A into B 把A变成B ~ trains/planes/clothes换车、飞机、衣服 ~ for the better/worse边得更好/坏 ~ with...随着......而变化~ oneself=get ~d换衣服
Great ~s have taken place in China since the reform and opening up in 1979.
22.charge v.收费；控告；冲锋~ sm. sb. for sth. He ~d me $10 for the book.
~ sb. with (doing) sth.He was ~d of sealing books from the newsstand.
n.主管；收费；控告；冲锋in ~ of 主管 in the ~ of由......主管free of ~免费的
23.cheap adj.便宜的a ~ buy便宜货
24.check n.检查；控制；支票(cheque) a money ~汇票
v. 检查；控制 ~ one’s tears控制住眼泪 ~ in入住宾馆/进入商场等 ~ out ~...up核对；检查
25.chief adj.主要的；首要的CEO=chief executive officer
in ~ 主要地；尤其 an editor-in-~总编 a commander-in-~总司令
26.chimney n.烟囱
27.choice n.选择 have no ~ but to do sth.=have to do sth只好；不得不 adj.精选的a ~ friend 好朋友
28.choose/chose/chosen v.选择 ~ to do sth.cannot ~ but do sth.=have no choice but to do sth. 只好；不得不
29.church n.教堂 go to ~做礼拜（动作） be in ~z在做礼拜（状态） a ~ goer信教者
篇二：高考英语考纲词汇表(用法版)
"txt">Aa[????], an[?????] art. 1.一(个，件，?) 2.任何?都3.每(一) 4.某，某一个：I have got a ticket. 我有一张票。/ an awful noise 一种可怕的噪音 / A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。/ We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。/ A Mr. Brown wishes to see you. 一位叫布朗的先生想见你。
【注意】1.单数可数名词若泛指，其前需加 a / an，不要从汉语习惯出发，漏掉此不定冠词(高考短文改错中常考查此知识点，许多同学在做书面表达时也常犯此错)，如不能说Mr. Smith is interesting man.(需在 is后 加 an) 2.在序数词之前使用a(an)，可以表示数量或序数的增加：Do you want to read it a third time? 你还想看第三次吗?
able[?????] adj.能?的，有才能的，能干的，能够的：She’s as clever and able as her sister. 她像她姐姐一样聪明能干。
【句型】be able to do sth 能做某事
【说明】比较级和最高级可以是 abler 和 ablest 或 more able, better able 和 most able，但不如前者常见。
【辨析】be able to 与 can的区别，见 can。
about[??????] prep.在附近，关于，在?周围，忙于 adv.附近，大约，转向，左右，周围：She sat up and looked about her. 她坐了起来，环顾四周。/ I had no money about me. 我身边没有带钱。/ She likes to walk about. 她喜爱四处走走。/ There were few people about. 附近几乎无人。
【句型】1. be about to do 即将，就要(不能与 tomorrow 等具体时间状语连用) 2. How [What] about…(你认为)?怎么样?
【辨析】about与on：前者指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事，后者指比较系统、深入地论述某事：It is a book on birds. 那是一本论及鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作) / It is a book about birds. 那是一本关于鸟的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的关于鸟类的故事书) above[?????] prep.在?上方，过于，超出 adv. 在上面 adj. 上面的，上述的，上文的：We were flying above the clouds. 我们在云层上面飞行。/ Health is above wealth. 健康胜过财富。/ He is above doing such things. 他不至于做出这样的事来。
【辨析】above与over：over 表示垂直在上的正上方，above 则不一定表示正上方(即表示正上方时两者均可用，不表示正上方时要用 above)。
abroad[???????] adv. 到(在)国外：He has gone abroad. 他出国了。/ He has just returned from abroad. 他刚从国外归来。
【用法】1.是副词，不是形容词，不置于名词前作定语，但可置于名词后作定语：one’s recent tour abroad 某人最近的国外之行。2.是副词，不是名词，所以不说 go to abroad之类的。 accept[???????] vt. 接受，承认：Much to my regret, I’m unable to accept your kind invitation. 我不能接受你盛情的邀请, 非常遗憾。
【辨析】accept 与receive：前者指主观上接受，后者指客观上收到：He received the gift, but he did not accept it. 他收到这件礼物，但没有接受。
accident[?????????] n.[C]事故：She was injured badly in an accident during the work. 她在一次工伤事故中受了重伤。
【短语】by accident偶然，无意中
according to[????????????] prep.按照，根据：from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs 各尽所能，按需分配 / According to my watch it is 10 o’clock. 按我的表是10点钟。
【注意】1.不能用于第一人称，即不能说according to me (us)。2.其后不能接view, opinion等表示观点或看法的词，要表示类似意思可改用in one’s opinion等。
ache[???] n. [C]疼痛 vi. 痛；渴望：Her head ached all night. 她的头整夜都疼。/ I am aching to join in the game. 我渴望参加比赛。
achieve[???????] v. 1.达到，取得 2.完成，实现：He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 他希望尽快达到所有目标。
across[??????] prep.& adv. 穿过，在另一边，在对面：We swam across the river. 我们游到河对岸。/ Across the street from the school is the library. 从学校穿过大街就是图书馆。
【辨析】across与cross：前者为介词或副词，后者为动词。
act[???] n.[C]动作；举动；节目；(戏剧的)幕；法案，法令 vi.行动；产生?的效果；表演；表现；见效 vt.扮演(角色)：People praised his brave act. 人们赞扬他的勇敢行为。/ Think before you act! 三思而后行！/ Does the drug take long to act? 这药要很久才能起作用吗?
【短语】act as 充当 / act for 代理，代表
active[??????] adj.积极的，活泼的，活跃的：She is very active. 她非常活跃。/ He is an active member of the club. 他是俱乐部的积极分子。
actor[?????] n.[C](男)演员：professional actor 专业演员
actress[???????] n.[C]女演员：an experienced actress有经验的女演员
actual[????????] adj. 实际的，真实的，现实的，目前的：I can not give the actual figures. 我不能举出实际数字。/ What’s the actual price? 实价多少?
add[??] vi.&vt. 加，增加，增进，补充说：“I felt sorry for her,” Bob added. “我为她感到惋惜，”鲍勃又说道。
【短语】add in 包括 / add to 增加 / add up 加起来 / add up to 加起来等于，总之就是? address[??????] n. [C]住址，通迅处 vt.向?致辞，演说，写姓名地址：What’s your home address? 你的家庭住址呢? / Write the address clearly. 地址请写清楚。
admire[???????] vt. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕：I admire her for her bravery. 我钦佩她的勇气。
【注意】其后不能接双宾语，也不接that 引导的宾语从句。
admit[??????] vt. 接纳，让?进入，承认：He admitted that it was really his fault. 他承认这确实得怪他。
【用法】后接动词要用动名词，不用不定式：She admitted having read the letter. 她承认看过这封信。
advance[????????] vi.前进，进展 vt. 推进，促进，提升，提前，预付 n.[C,U]前进，进展，进步，提升，预付款：The general commanded his men to advance. 将军命令他的士兵向前挺进。
【短语】in advance 在前头，事先，提前 / in advance of 在?前面，比?进步，超过 / on the advance (物价)在上涨 / advance on 朝?前进
advantage[???????????] n.[C,U]优势，长处，有利条件，利益：A better education gave us the advantage. 良好的教育使我们处于有利地位。/ The advantage of the idea was its simplicity. 这个主意的优点就在于它简单明了。
【短语】have [gain, get] the [an] advantage over [of] 胜过，优于 / take advantage of 乘机利用，利用别人的弱点，占便宜
adventure[?????????] n.[C,U]冒险，冒险活动，奇遇 v. 冒险，胆敢：He lived for adventure. 他平生喜欢冒险。/ No man would adventure it. 没有人敢冒险做这种事。
【用法】表示抽象意义的“冒险”，不可数；表示具体意义的“冒险的经历或事件”，则可数。
advice[???????] n.[U]忠告，建议：Your advice was a great help to me. 你的建议对我有很大的帮助。 / I don’t know who ask advice from. 我不知道该向谁讨教。
【用法】1.不可数，不与不定冠词或数词连用，也不用复数形式，如说a piece of advice, some advice，但不说an advice, some advices。2.表示征求意见，通常用ask (for) advice；表示听从或接受某人的意见，通常用follow [take] one’s advice。
advise[???????] vt.劝告，建议：Be advised! 接受意见吧! / They will advise you what to do. 他们将给你出主意怎么办。
【用法】1.其后接动词作宾语，要用动名词，不能用不定式，即说advise doing sth，不说 advise to do sth。2.表示建议某人做某事，要用 advise sb to do sth(此时的不定式作宾语补足语)；若表示建议某人不要做某事，则用advise sb not to do sth 或 advise sb against doing sth。3.后接 that 引导的宾语从句时，从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气：We advised her that she (should) wait. 我们劝她等。
affair[?????]n.[C]事件，事情，事务，私事，恋爱事件：foreign affairs 外交事务 / school affairs 校务 / How are your affairs going? 你的情况怎么样?
afford[??????] vt. 买得起，经受得住，承担得起：I can’t afford to buy a car. 我买不起汽车。/ We can’t afford to pay such a price. 我们付不起这个价钱。
【用法】1.常与can, could, be able to 连用。2.其后可接名词、代词或不定式作宾语，若意思明确，可省略有关成分：afford to buy a car =afford a car 买得起小车 / afford the time for a holiday=afford a holiday 抽得出时间去度假
afraid[???????] adj.(用作表语)害怕的，担心的；恐怕：Don’t be afraid. 不用怕。/ He is afraid to say that. 他不敢说那事。/ I was afraid of waking him. 我担心会把他吵醒。/ I’m afraid you’re wrong. 恐怕是你错了。
【比较】1. be afraid to do sth与be afraid of doing sth：前者指害怕(不敢)做某事，而后者有两个意思，一是表示害怕做某事(此时可be afraid to do sth 互换)，二是表示担心会发生某情况(所担心的情况不一定会发生，此时不能与 be afraid to do sth 互换)。2. I’m afraid not 与 I’m not afraid：前者为委婉的否定回答，意为“恐怕不?”；后者意为“我不怕”。
Africa[???????]n.非洲：Africa is a continent. 非洲是个大陆。
African[????????] adj.非洲的，非洲人的 n.[C]非洲人
after[??????] prep.在?后面 conj.在?以后 adv.在后，后来：What did you do after leaving school? 离开学校之后你干什么了? / I will tell them after you leave (have left). 你走了之后我再告诉他们。/ We arrived soon after. 我们随后就到了。
【辨析】1. after与behind：前者指位次的先后，后者指位置的前后。2. after与in：前者以过去时间为起点，通常连用过去时态；而in 则以现在时间为起点，通常连用将来时态。但是，若表示在某一点时间之后，则只能用after(无论是现在还是过去)：I’ll leave here after 6 o’clock. 我6点后离开这儿。
afternoon[???????????] n.[C,U]下午，午后：He returned in the late afternoon. 他是在傍晚时分回来的。/ This afternoon will be cloudy, turning clear. 今天下午阴转晴。 again[??????] adv.再一次，又，再：After the storm it became calm again. 暴风雨过后，天气又恢复平静无风。/ Look to it that this doesn’t happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。
【短语】again and again 再三地，反复地 / once again 再一次
against[??????????] prep. 相反，反对，逆着，靠着，倚着：Are you for or against it? 你是支持它还是反对它? / Drug taking is against the law. 吸毒是违法的。/ It is a great joy to battle against nature. 与大自然作斗争，其乐无穷。
【注意】against 是介词，不是动词，所以不能说 Do you against?之类的。
age[????] n.年龄，时代，(用复数表示)长时间：What is your age? 你年纪多大?/ She died in 1936 at the age of 84. 她死于1936年，享年84岁。/ I haven’t seen him for ages. 我已好长时间没有见到他了。
【注意】不要按汉语习惯将“他年纪轻”说成He age is young. 可说成 He is young. ago[?????] adv.以前：That was some twenty years ago. 那大约是20年前。/ We came a week ago, since when the weather has been bad. 我们一星期前来到这里，从那时起天气一直不好。
agree[??????] v.同意，赞成，答应：She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。/ I quite agree with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。/ If you agree, so; if not, so. 如果你同意，就这样；如果你不同意，也这样。
【比较】agree to do sth 同意做某事 / agree with sb 赞成某人的意见，与某人意见相同 / agree on (upon) 对?持相同观点 / agree to 同意(某项计划、建议、安排等)
【注意】不要将汉语的“同意某人做某事”直译为agree sb to do sth，可改说agree to let sb do sth等。
agriculture[???????????] n.[U]农业，农艺，农学：United States Department of Agriculture 美国农业部
ahead[?????] adv.在前面，向前：Walk straight ahead until you reach the river. 一直朝前走到河边。
【短语】ahead of 在?之前；超过 / ahead of time [schedule] 提前 / Go ahead! 前进，有进展，继续干下去
【注意】ahead 是副词，不是名词，所以不能说 in the ahead, at the ahead等。
aim[???] n.[U]瞄准，对准 [C]目标 v.瞄准，对准，以?为目标：It is now our aim to set up a factory. 我们现在的目标是创办一座工厂。/ I aim to be a lawyer. 我要当个律师。
【用法】1.表示“瞄准”时，不可数，所以在 take aim at, take careful aim at 这类短语中没有不定冠词。2.表示“想做某事”或“以做某事为目标”，动词aim后可接不定式或接at doing sth，即aim to do sth=aim at doing sth。
air[??] n.[U]空气，大气，天空，空中 [C]样子，神态，气氛：Birds fly in the air. 鸟在空中飞翔。/ Better let in some fresh air. 最好放些新鲜空气进来。/ He came into the room with an air of importance. 他带着一副了不起的神情走进室内。
aircraft[?????????] n.[C]飞机，航空器：There are enemy aircraft on the radar screen.雷达荧屏上出现了敌人的飞机。
【注意】单复数同形，所以不要说 five aircrafts，some aircrafts 之类的。
airport[???????] n.[C]航空站，飞机场：At the airport, the customs officers searched his case. 在机场，海关人员检查了他的箱子。
alive[??????] adj. 活着的，活跃的，充满?的，通着电流的：The fish we caught is still alive. 我们捉的鱼还活着。/ The wire is alive. 这条电线带电。
【注意】1.可用作表语，不作前置定语，但有时可用作后置定语：the greatest man alive当今伟人 2.通常不用 very 修饰，但可用 much 或 very much 修饰。
all[???] adj.全部的，所有的 pron. 全体，全部 adv. 全部地，都，更加：Are all the students here today? 今天所有的学生都到了吗? / I know that all is well with her. 我知道她一切都好。/ She is all in favor of my suggestion. 她完全赞同我的建议。/ She hated him all the more. 她更加恨他了。
【短语】all along 自始至终 / all the same 依然，仍然 / not?at all 一点也不，从来不 / all over 到处，结束 / in all 总计，全部 / above all 首先，最重要的是 / after all 毕竟，终究
allow[?????] v.允许，准许：Smoking is not allowed here. 此处不准吸烟。/ He doesn’t allow cats in the room. 他不允许猫进入房内。
【用法】可接不定式作宾语补足语，但不接不定式作宾语，即可说allow sb to do sth，但不说allow to do sth(可改为 allow doing sth)。
【辨析】allow 与 permit：permit 通常指上级、规则或法令等表示的准许，其语气较重；而 allow 通常指消极地不加反对，有时含有听任或默许之意，语气较轻。如：Nothing is permitted; everything is allowed. 一切都没明文规定可以做，但一切做了也无妨。
almost[?????????] adv. 几乎，差不多：It was almost dark when they got there. 他们抵达那里时，天几乎黑了。
【辨析】almost与nearly：almost 可用于 any 以及 no, none, nobody, nothing, never 等否定词之前，但 nearly 一般不这样用。而nearly 前可用 very, pretty, not 等词修饰，但 almost 之前不能用这些词。
alone[??????]adj. 单独的，独自的adv.独自，单独，仅仅：She watches TV when she is alone. 独自一人时，她便看电视。/ He alone knows the secret. 只有他一人知道秘密。
【短语】leave?alone 听其自然，不要去管 / let alone 至于，更不必说
篇三：高考英语考纲词汇用法详解
xt">A我有一张票。/ an awful noise 一种可怕的噪音 / A bird can fly. 鸟会飞。/ We often go to school two times a day. 我们常常一天两次去学校。/ A Mr. Brown wishes to see you. 一位叫布朗的先生想见你。 a[????], an[?????] art. 1.一(个，件，?) 2.任何?都3.每(一) 4.某，某一个：I have got a ticket.
【注意】1.单数可数名词若泛指，其前需加 a / an，不要从汉语习惯出发，漏掉此不定冠词(高考短文改错中常考查此知识点，许多同学在做书面表达时也常犯此错)，如不能说Mr. Smith is interesting man.(需在 is后 加 an) 2.在序数词之前使用a(an)，可以表示数量或序数的增加：Do you want to read it a third time? 你还想看第三次吗?
abandon [???????? ] vt.
1. 遗弃，抛弃（人/动物）；丢弃（某物/某地）
From James’s face, I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us. 从詹姆斯的脸上我能看出他非常恐慌，生怕被我们遗弃。
People find all sorts of excuses for abandoning an animal. 人们为遗弃动物找出各种借口。 When you hit an iceberg, abandon the ship immediately. 当你撞上冰山时，要立刻弃船而逃。
2. 放弃（希望/看法/计划等）
abandon hope / an idea / a plan 放弃希望/想法/计划
3．终止
They abandoned the game because of the bad weather. 因为天气不好，他们终止了这次比赛。 abandon oneself to 纵情于，沉湎于
abandon oneself to despair 陷入绝望
Don’t abandon yourself to this kind of pleasure. 别沉溺于这种享乐中。
n. [U] 放纵，放任
with abandon 尽情地，放纵地
He signed cheques with careless abandon. 他无所顾忌地乱开支票。
abandoned [????????? ] adj. 被遗弃的；废弃的
an abandoned child / farm 弃儿 /废弃的农场
ability [???????? ] n. 1. [U] 能力，耐力 (have) the ability to do sth. （有）做某事的能力 The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 表达观点的能力与观点本身同等重要。 He has the ability to bring out the best in others. 他能做到扬人之长。
2. [C]&[U] 才能，才识，技能
mental / physical ability 智/体能
a man of many abilities 一个有多方面才能的人
develop an ability 培养技能
to the best of one’s ability 尽最大耐力
The work wasn’t done well, but he had a clear conscience, because he did it to the best of his ability. 工作没做好，但他问心无愧，因为他尽了全力。
【联想】○反inability n. 无能 disability n. 残疾
able[?????] adj.能?的，有才能的，能干的，能够的：She’s as clever and able as her sister. 她像她姐姐一样聪明能干。
be able to do sth 能做某事
We may be able to develop more successful treatments for anxiety disorders. 我们也许能研究出更有效的治疗焦虑症的方法。
【说明】比较级和最高级可以是 abler 和 ablest 或 more able, better able 和 most able，但不如前者常见。
【联想】○近capable/ competent adj. 有能力的
○反unable adj. 不能的 ○派enable v. 使能够
I went to Mexico last week, and I was able to meet her then. 我上周去了墨西哥，那时得以见到她。 I could climb trees when I was young. 我年轻时能爬树。
I can / am able to speak some English. 我能说些英语。
abnormal [???????? ] adj. 不正常的，反常的；变态的
an abnormal phenomenon/ behaviour 反常现象/行为
Life is quite abnormal. 生活非常没有规律。
aboard [??????] adv. 在船/车/飞机上；上船/车/飞机
The plane crashed killing all 157 passengers aboard. 飞机坠毁，机上157名乘客全部遇难。
It’s time to get aboard. 该上船了。
All aboard! 请大家上船（或车等）！
Welcome aboard! 欢迎各位乘客上船（车等）！
prep. 上船/车/飞机；在船/车/飞机上
I secretly hid aboard the ship. 我秘密地藏在了船上。
【注】aboard作介词用时，后接表示交通工具的名词。
【联想】○近on board 在船/车/飞机上 ○混 abroad adv. 在/到国外
abolishvt. 废除；取消；革除
abolish slavery 废止奴隶制
Finally the slave trade was abolished in 1807. 奴隶贸易终于在1807年被废止了。
【联想】○近cancel v. 废除；取消 ○派abolishment n. 废除
abortion [???????] n. [C][U]人工流产，堕胎；失败（=failure）
The criminal had planned to escape from the prison, but his attempt proved to be an abortion. 这个罪犯曾打算越狱，但他的企图没能得逞。
about[??????] prep.
1.关于；对于 The passage is about the writer’s childhood. 这篇文章讲述的是作者的童年。 I want to talk to you about changing my major. 我想和你谈谈改专业的事。
2.在?周围，在附近（AmE around, BrE round）；到处She sat up and looked about her. 她坐了起来，环顾四周。Trees were planted about the house. 房屋周围栽了树。
3.随身（with）
Do you have some money about you? 你身上带钱了吗？
4.忙于；从事于 What are you about? 你在干什么？
adv.
1. 大约，差不多；前后，左右；几乎 About a mile. 大约一英里。 That's about right. 大致不差。 That's about (the size of) it. 就是那么一回事；大概如此。 It is about finished 差不多要完成[终结]。This is about the best we can hope for. 这差不多是我们所能希望的最好结果。
2．周围，四面；到处。 Look about 四顾。There were few people about. 附近几乎无人。The children were rushing about in the garden. 孩子们在花园里跑来跑去。Is your father about?你父亲在吗？
【句型】1. be about to do 即将，就要,正要做某事
Tom was about to close the windows when his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关上窗户，就在这时一只鸟引起了他的注意。
We are going to have our sports meeting next Friday. 我们将于下周五进行运动会。
The wind went down toward sunset. It’s going to be fine tomorrow. 太阳落山时风停了，看来明天会是个好天气。
2. How [What] about…(你认为)?怎么样?
【辨析】about与on：前者指泛泛地或非正式地谈论某事，后者指比较系统、深入地论述某事：It is a book on birds. 那是一本论及鸟类的书。(可能是一本学术著作) / It is a book about birds. 那是一本关于鸟的书。(可能是一本供小孩看的关于鸟类的故事书)
above[?????] prep.在?上方，过于，超出 adv. 在上面 adj. 上面的，上述的，上文的：We were flying above the clouds. 我们在云层上面飞行。/ Health is above wealth. 健康胜过财富。/ He is above doing such things. 他不至于做出这样的事来。
【辨析】above与over：over 表示垂直在上的正上方，above 则不一定表示正上方(即表示正上方时两者均可用，不表示正上方时要用 above)。
abroad[???????] adv. 到(在)国外：He has gone abroad. 他出国了。/ He has just returned from abroad. 他刚从国外归来。
【用法】1.是副词，不是形容词，不置于名词前作定语，但可置于名词后作定语：one’s recent tour abroad 某人最近的国外之行。2.是副词，不是名词，所以不说 go to abroad之类的。
accept[???????] vt. 接受，承认：Much to my regret, I’m unable to accept your kind invitation. 我不能接受你盛情的邀请, 非常遗憾。
【辨析】accept 与receive：前者指主观上接受，后者指客观上收到：He received the gift, but he did not accept it. 他收到这件礼物，但没有接受。
accident[?????????] n.[C]事故：She was injured badly in an accident during the work. 她在一次工伤事故中受了重伤。
【短语】by accident偶然，无意中
according to[????????????] prep.按照，根据：from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs 各尽所能，按需分配 / According to my watch it is 10 o’clock. 按我的表是10点钟。
【注意】1.不能用于第一人称，即不能说according to me (us)。2.其后不能接view, opinion等表示观点或看法的词，要表示类似意思可改用in one’s opinion等。
ache[???] n. [C]疼痛 vi. 痛；渴望：Her head ached all night. 她的头整夜都疼。/ I am aching to join in the game. 我渴望参加比赛。
achieve[???????] v. 1.达到，取得 2.完成，实现：He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 他希望尽快达到所有目标。
across[??????] prep.& adv. 穿过，在另一边，在对面：We swam across the river. 我们游到河对岸。/ Across the street from the school is the library. 从学校穿过大街就是图书馆。
【辨析】across与cross：前者为介词或副词，后者为动词。
act[???] n.[C]动作；举动；节目；(戏剧的)幕；法案，法令 vi.行动；产生?的效果；表演；表现；见效 vt.扮演(角色)：People praised his brave act. 人们赞扬他的勇敢行为。/ Think before you act! 三思而后行！/ Does the drug take long to act? 这药要很久才能起作用吗?
【短语】act as 充当 / act for 代理，代表
active[??????] adj.积极的，活泼的，活跃的：She is very active. 她非常活跃。/ He is an active member of the club. 他是俱乐部的积极分子。
actor[?????] n.[C](男)演员：professional actor 专业演员
actress[???????] n.[C]女演员：an experienced actress有经验的女演员
actual[????????] adj. 实际的，真实的，现实的，目前的：I can not give the actual figures. 我不能举出实际数字。/ What’s the actual price? 实价多少?
add[??] vi.&vt. 加，增加，增进，补充说：“I felt sorry for her,” Bob added. “我为她感到惋惜，”鲍勃又说道。
【短语】add in 包括 / add to 增加 / add up 加起来 / add up to 加起来等于，总之就是?
address[??????] n. [C]住址，通迅处 vt.向?致辞，演说，写姓名地址：What’s your home address? 你的家庭住址呢? / Write the address clearly. 地址请写清楚。
admire[???????] vt. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕：I admire her for her bravery. 我钦佩她的勇气。
【注意】其后不能接双宾语，也不接that 引导的宾语从句。
admit[??????] vt. 接纳，让?进入，承认：He admitted that it was really his fault. 他承认这确实得怪他。
【用法】后接动词要用动名词，不用不定式：She admitted having read the letter. 她承认看过这封信。 advance[????????] vi.前进，进展 vt. 推进，促进，提升，提前，预付 n.[C,U]前进，进展，进步，提升，预付款：The general commanded his men to advance. 将军命令他的士兵向前挺进。
【短语】in advance 在前头，事先，提前 / in advance of 在?前面，比?进步，超过 / on the advance (物价)在上涨 / advance on 朝?前进
advantage[???????????] n.[C,U]优势，长处，有利条件，利益：A better education gave us the advantage. 良好的教育使我们处于有利地位。/ The advantage of the idea was its simplicity. 这个主意的优点就在于它简单明了。
【短语】have [gain, get] the [an] advantage over [of] 胜过，优于 / take advantage of 乘机利用，利用别人的弱点，占便宜
adventure[?????????] n.[C,U]冒险，冒险活动，奇遇 v. 冒险，胆敢：He lived for adventure. 他平生喜欢冒险。/ No man would adventure it. 没有人敢冒险做这种事。
【用法】表示抽象意义的“冒险”，不可数；表示具体意义的“冒险的经历或事件”，则可数。 advice[???????] n.[U]忠告，建议：Your advice was a great help to me. 你的建议对我有很大的帮助。 / I don’t know who ask advice from. 我不知道该向谁讨教。
【用法】1.不可数，不与不定冠词或数词连用，也不用复数形式，如说a piece of advice, some advice，但不说an advice, some advices。2.表示征求意见，通常用ask (for) advice；表示听从或接受某人的意见，通常用follow [take] one’s advice。
advise[???????] vt.劝告，建议：Be advised! 接受意见吧! / They will advise you what to do. 他们将给你出主意怎么办。
【用法】1.其后接动词作宾语，要用动名词，不能用不定式，即说advise doing sth，不说 advise to do sth。
2.表示建议某人做某事，要用 advise sb to do sth(此时的不定式作宾语补足语)；若表示建议某人不要做某事，则用advise sb not to do sth 或 advise sb against doing sth。3.后接 that 引导的宾语从句时，从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气：We advised her that she (should) wait. 我们劝她等。
affair[?????]n.[C]事件，事情，事务，私事，恋爱事件：foreign affairs 外交事务 / school affairs 校务 / How are your affairs going? 你的情况怎么样?
afford[??????] vt. 买得起，经受得住，承担得起：I can’t afford to buy a car. 我买不起汽车。/ We can’t afford to pay such a price. 我们付不起这个价钱。
【用法】1.常与can, could, be able to 连用。2.其后可接名词、代词或不定式作宾语，若意思明确，可省略有关成分：afford to buy a car =afford a car 买得起小车 / afford the time for a holiday=afford a holiday 抽得出时间去度假
afraid[???????] adj.(用作表语)害怕的，担心的；恐怕：Don’t be afraid. 不用怕。/ He is afraid to say that. 他不敢说那事。/ I was afraid of waking him. 我担心会把他吵醒。/ I’m afraid you’re wrong. 恐怕是你错了。
【比较】1. be afraid to do sth与be afraid of doing sth：前者指害怕(不敢)做某事，而后者有两个意思，一是表示害怕做某事(此时可be afraid to do sth 互换)，二是表示担心会发生某情况(所担心的情况不一定会发生，此时不能与 be afraid to do sth 互换)。2. I’m afraid not 与 I’m not afraid：前者为委婉的否定回答，意为“恐怕不?”；后者意为“我不怕”。
Africa[???????]n.非洲：Africa is a continent. 非洲是个大陆。
African[????????] adj.非洲的，非洲人的 n.[C]非洲人
after[??????] prep.在?后面 conj.在?以后 adv.在后，后来：What did you do after leaving school? 离开学校之后你干什么了? / I will tell them after you leave (have left). 你走了之后我再告诉他们。/ We arrived soon after. 我们随后就到了。
【辨析】1. after与behind：前者指位次的先后，后者指位置的前后。2. after与in：前者以过去时间为起点，通常连用过去时态；而in 则以现在时间为起点，通常连用将来时态。但是，若表示在某一点时间之后，则只能用after(无论是现在还是过去)：I’ll leave here after 6 o’clock. 我6点后离开这儿。 afternoon[???????????] n.[C,U]下午，午后：He returned in the late afternoon. 他是在傍晚时分回来的。/ This afternoon will be cloudy, turning clear. 今天下午阴转晴。
again[??????] adv.再一次，又，再：After the storm it became calm again. 暴风雨过后，天气又恢复平静无风。/ Look to(转自：wWw.DXf5.Com 东星 资源网:高考英语词汇用法) it that this doesn’t happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。
【短语】again and again 再三地，反复地 / once again 再一次
against[??????????] prep. 相反，反对，逆着，靠着，倚着：Are you for or against it? 你是支持它还是反对它? / Drug taking is against the law. 吸毒是违法的。/ It is a great joy to battle against nature. 与大自然作斗争，其乐无穷。
【注意】against 是介词，不是动词，所以不能说 Do you against?之类的。
age[????] n.年龄，时代，(用复数表示)长时间：What is your age? 你年纪多大?/ She died in 1936 at the age of 84. 她死于1936年，享年84岁。/ I haven’t seen him for ages. 我已好长时间没有见到他了。
【注意】不要按汉语习惯将“他年纪轻”说成He age is young. 可说成 He is young.
ago[?????] adv.以前：That was some twenty years ago. 那大约是20年前。/ We came a week ago, since when the weather has been bad. 我们一星期前来到这里，从那时起天气一直不好。
agree[??????] v.同意，赞成，答应：She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。/ I quite agree with what you say. 你所说的我很赞成。/ If you agree, so; if not, so. 如果你同意，就这样；如果你不同意，也这样。