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| Unit 13 Rainy days make me sad. | |||||
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Unit 13 Rainy days make me sad. 一 . [话题](Topic) Talk about how things affect you. 二 .[ 词组](Key Phrases)
make me sad，keep out，learn from，make sb. do，more than，for instance，help…to do，so that，have sale，less than
三 .[交际用语]
1. Loud music makes me tense.
2. Loud music makes me want to dance.
3. That movie made me sad.
4. Why don’t we get something to eat?
5. So am 难点释义](Language Points)
Section A:
1. Rainy days make me sad. 雨天让我感到悲伤。
rainy adj. 多雨的
例如：
the rainy season 雨季
rain n. 雨
例如：
The crops need rain. 庄稼需要雨水。
rain v. 下雨
例如：
It began to rain hard. 开始下大雨了。
make的用法
(1) make +n.
例如：
make food 做饭
make a plane 做飞机
make the bed 铺床
make money 赚钱
(2). make sb./sth. + adj. 使某人（感到），使…… 某种状态
make的宾语之后可跟名词，形容词，分词来充当宾语的补足语
1)名词作make的宾语补足语
例如：
The party made her a good teacher. 党把她培养 一名好教师.
名词作宾补
2)形容词作make的宾语补足语
例如：
Soccer makes me crazy. 足球使我疯狂。
The soft music makes Tina sleepy. 轻柔的音乐使Tina快睡着了。
Loud music makes me tense. 过大声音的音乐使我紧张
Loud music makes her happy.
Loud music makes them energetic. 过大声音的音乐使他觉得精力充沛。
It made her sad. 这使她感到难过。
Waiting for her made me angry. 我很生气一直等着她。
可用到的形容词有：
happy，pleased，surprised，angry，annoyed，sad，upset，unhappy，worried，anxious，
excited，relaxed，stressed out，tense，calm，scared，comfortable，sick …
3)分词作make的宾语补足语
例如：
I made myself understood by all the students.
You must make yourself respected.
There was so much noise，the speaker couldn’t make himself .(C)
A. hearing
B. to hear
C. heard
D. being heard
(3). make sb. / sth. + do …使某人做某事（ 带不定式符号to）
例如：
Wars make the peace go away.
战争使和平远离。
The color red makes people want to eat faster.
红色使人们吃得更快些。
注意：
当make 用于被动语态时， 带不定式符号to.
例如：
We were made to work all night.  被迫日夜工作。
I was made to repeat the story. 我被迫重述 故事。
People who won’t should be made to work.不愿劳动者应被强制劳动．
(4) make it 习惯用语， 赶到，到达目的地
I just made it to my class. （Unit 9）我恰好赶到班级。（arrived in time）
I’m sorry I missed your concert，but I was out of town and couldn’t make it.
很遗憾错过你的音乐会，但我当时不在而且赶回来。
(5) make of /from./out of
Make of 当原材料制成成品后，原材料未经任何化学 ，仍 原有性质.
例如：
The chair is made of wood.
At first people believed that air was made of only one gas.
Make from 当原材料制成成品后， 了化学，失去了原有性质.
(6) make up of 常用于被动结构：be made up of 于consist of（由……组成）
A car is made up of many different parts.
make up from 由…..所制造
She wore a necklace made up from gold coins. 她戴着一串有金币制成的项链.
2. I'd rather go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant because I like to listen to
quiet music while I'm eating. 我宁愿去蓝湖餐厅， 我吃饭时喜欢听轻柔的音乐。
(1)rather 原意为，为副词如:It's rather cold today.  冷。
rather常与would连用，宁可，宁愿， ……好些
例:
I'd rather play tennis than swim. 我不想游泳，我宁愿去打网球。
(2)lagoon n.. 环礁湖，咸水湖。
3. They also have to know how to make money.  还知道如何赚钱。
(1)Know how to do  的不定式带有疑问词。
know what to do 知道做 。 句式可以改为复合句，上句也可为：
They also have to know how they can make money.
又如：Please tell me when we should leave. =Please tell me when to leave.
请告诉我时候离开。
(2)make money / earn money 挣钱
例：
His father makes /earns a lot of money as a pilot.
他父亲当飞机驾驶员挣钱 。
4. Soft colours like pink and light blue make people relaxed，so they spend
more time eating their meals.柔和的颜色如粉红色和浅蓝色让人们 放松， 用更多的 来进餐。
(1)like 介词
比如像……，诸如……
例如：
There are several people interested，like Mrs. Jones and Dr.Simpson.
有几个人与此事 ，比如像琼斯太太，辛普森医生。
同……一样
例如：
She’s very like her mother. 她很像她的母亲。
What’s your new job like? 你的新工作怎么样？
(2)light blue 浅蓝色
light adj. 浅色的
light green curtains 浅绿色的窗帘
deep adj. 颜色深的， 浓重的。
The sky was deep blue. 天空是深蓝色的。
(3)spend time (in) doing sth.. 花做某事
spend money on sth.. 花钱在…… 。
We spent a pleasant hour or two talking with our friends.
和朋友愉快地交谈了一两个小时。
They spend a lot of money on advertising. 在广告上花了 的钱。
5. It makes me want to join a clean-up campaign. 这让我想加入一次清扫大运动。
(1)join加入军队，政党，组织等，一员。
例如：
The next year he joined the union.  年他加入了工会。
(2)join in加入某人，并一起 某项活动。
例如：
She joined her husband in his study.
她与她的丈夫一块从事他的 。
(3)take part in “参加……”，take an active part in 参加。
例如：
Do you take an active part in sports? 你参加体育活动吗？
Section B
6. pros and cons n. 赞成和反对的理由
例如：
To consider all the pros and cons of a matter before reaching a decision.
 决定前先好好考虑所有赞成和反对的理由。
7. It’s true that some ads can be very useful.  广告的确很有用。
(1)It’s + adj. +that It 是 主语，代替that 的主语从句。
例如：
It is strange that be had made a mistake. 真怪，他竟做错了。
(2)useful adj. 有用的
useless adj. 无用的，无价值的。
例如：
a useful idea 有用的主意
a few useless suggestions 无价值的建议
8. For instance，they can help you to compare two different products so that
you can buy the one you really need. 例如，能够帮你 两种不同的产品，以至于你能买到你真正需要的那个。
(1)for instance， for example 例如
(2)compare ，对照
compare...with... 把……与……相比
例如：
If we compare French schools with British schools，we will find many differences.
 把法国的学校与英国的学校相比，会 许多不同之处。
compare...to... 把……比作……
例如：
The poet compares the woman he loves to a rose.
这位诗人把他所钟情的女人比作玫瑰花。
(3)so that  ，以便，目的状语从句
例如：
We have to hurry up so that we can catch the last train.
赶上末班车 不快一点。
(4)the one you really need 是定语从句
the one 是定语从句中的先行词，that 词在从句中做宾语省略掉了。
9. However，some advertising can be confusing or misleading.
然而，广告会混淆或误导你。
(1)confuse v. 使迷惑
例如：
Waking up in strange surroundings confused her.
她醒来时看到一片陌生的环境，这把她搞糊涂了。
confusing a. 令人迷惑的
例如：
The instructions are very confusing and I can't understand them.
 指示莫名其妙，我 办法理解
confused adj. 迷惑的，糊涂的
例如：
He gets confused easily. 他很容易被弄糊涂。
(2)mislead v. 使某人想错 / 做错，误导
misleading adj.
例如：
a misleading description / advertisement 误导人的描述（广告）
10.…but don’t really tell you anything about the quality of the product.
但真正告诉你产品质量的任何问题。
tell sb. about sth.“告诉某人某事”，tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”。
例（1）The granny told us about a thief breaking into her house.
老奶奶告诉她家失窃的事。
（2）The old man told us about his sufferings in the old days.
老人告诉他 受的苦。
（3）He told the happy news to everybody.
他把好消息告诉了大家。
（4）Tell me where you live.
告诉我你住在哪儿。
11．You have to be careful.
你得小心。
be careful“小心，当心”，后常跟of短语。与它同义的有look out。
【例】 （1）Aren’t you a bit too careful of your health?
你对个人的健康难道 有点过于小心了吗？
（2）Be careful when crossing the road.
过马路要小心。
（3）You must look out for the snags.
你们当心意外 。
（4）Look out! There’s danger ahead.
当心！前面有危险。
12. At times an ad can lead you to buy something you don't need at all.
有时， 广告能 你去买你 不需要的东西。
(1)at times，sometimes 有时
例如：
At times I wonder if it's all worthwhile.
有时我怀疑我干这件事 值得。
(2)lead sb. to do 怂勇，引诱
例如：
She led me to believe that she had a lot of influence.
她诱使我相信她很有权势。
(3)not ...at all  如何（都不），一点（都不）
例如：
I don’t agree with you at all.我完全不同意你的话。
It was late， but they were not tired at all. 夜深了， 一点都不觉得累。
13. Mon and Dad hadn't left me a note. 妈妈和爸爸也给我留个便条。
hadn't left，这是 时，时的动作是在以前， 结构为had + 动词的分词。
例如：
I had finished my homework before supper. 我在晚饭前把作业做完了。
supper 是某一，had finished 时 在supper之前的。
例：
When we got there，the basketball match had already started.
到那里时，篮球赛开始了。
14．In class, the teacher asked me for my homework.
在课上，老师问我要家诞作业。
ask sb. for sth.“向某人要某物”，而ask for则表示“请求， 询问寻找”。
【例】 （1）How much did they ask for this book?
这本书要多少钱？
（2）The stranger asked the old man for his address.
那陌生人问老人要家庭住址。
（3）He came to ask for help.
他来求助。
（4）Did anyone ask for me?
有人找过我吗？
15．but as I was so tense when I left home，I had forgotten to bring it with me.
 我离开家时太紧张了，我已忘记了带着来。
（1）as 连词，
例如：
As she has no car，she can't get there easily.
她汽车，去那里很不容易。
As；连词，当……的时候
As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.
他年纪越来越大，除了喜欢园艺外，对一切都失去了兴趣。
（2）forget to do 忘记做……
例如：
Yesterday when I left home，I forgot to lock the door.
昨天我离开家时，忘记锁门了。
forget doing 忘记了做过的事情。
例如：
I'll never forget finding that rare old coin in my garden.
我永远不会忘记在我花园里找到的那枚稀罕的古币。
（3）bring 把某物带给说话人
例如：
Bring that book to me. 把那本书拿来。
take 把某物带到另一地方去
例如：
Take your umbrella when you go out. 你出去时把伞带上。
fetch 去取某物并带来
例如：
Please fetch the scissors from the kitchen. 请到厨房把剪刀拿来。
carry 不含任何方向，是指用手或身体的某个部位携带。
例如：
She carried the bag on her back. 她把包背在背上。
16. You keep the sweater and pretend to like it， … 你收下了毛衣，并假装喜欢它。
pretend v. 假装
pretend that / to do
例如：
She pretended she didn't know me/pretended not to know me when we met in the
street.
我在街上见到她时她装作不认识我。
17. If you think flowers are too feminine a gift for a man to receive，you can
consider giving a plant instead. 你 鲜花对一位男士来说太女性化而不好 ，你可以考虑送 植物。
（1）feminine adj. 女子气的，属于女子的
（2）too ... to ... 太……而……
例如：
It was too good an opportunity to miss.
那是不应该错过的极好机会。
（3）consider doing 考虑……
例如：
I'm considering changing my job. 我正在考虑换工作。
consider that 考虑到
例如：
If you consider that she's only been studying English for six months，she
speaks it well. 考虑到她学英语才六个月，那么她讲英语讲得的确不错了。
consider sb. + n / adj. ， 把……看作
例如：
Do you consider her suitable for the job? 你她做这工作合适吗?
18. Be sure to follow your host's suggestions. 务必要遵从主人的暗示或提议。
(1)be sure to 别忘了，记住
例如：
Be sure to turn everything off before you go to bed.
别忘了睡觉之前关上各样东西。
(2)be sure to do  会……的， 必定会 的。
例如：
It’s sure to rain. 必定会下雨。
(3)be sure of 对……有把握.
例如：
He's sure of living to ninety. 他对活到90岁很有信心。
19．The problem is you don’t like wearing orange.
问题是你不喜欢穿橘黄色衣服。
that（已省略）的是表语从句；like后可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语，如表示 倾向，多用动名词作宾语，但如指特定或 某次行动，则更多使用不定式。
【例】 （1）The trouble is (that) we are short of money.
是缺少钱。
（2）The problem seemed how we could make him understand it.
问题似乎是如何能使他理解这点。
（3）I like reading books of this kind.
我喜欢看这类书。
（4）I’d like to read that book.
我想看那本书。
（5）She likes reading newspapers at night.
她喜欢晚上看报。
（6）I should like to be present at the meeting.
我希望出席这次会议。
20．The gift-giver is too lazy to go out and find the right gift.
送礼的人太懒了，不愿出去找一份合适的礼物。
too…to…“太……结果不……”，too后跟形容词或副词原形，to不定式。
【例】 （1）She is too young to marry.
她还没到结婚年龄。
（2）The box is too heavy for me to carry.
箱子太重，我搬不动。
（3）He is too careful not to have noticed it.
他那么细心，不会不注意到点的。
五.语法知识
1．宾语补足语
宾语补足语和宾语一起称为复合宾语，可作宾语补足语的有：名词，代词，形容词，副词，分词，不定式，介词短语，名词从句。
【例】 （1）We call him Jim.
叫他吉姆。
（2）Whom do you think of me?
你以为我是谁？
（3）Please keep the room clean.
请室内清洁。
（4）He found her out.
他她出去了。
（5）She found the book interesting.
她这本书很有意思。
（6）You’d better have your shoes mended.
你请人把鞋补一补吧。
（7）Make yourselves at home.
不要受拘束。
（8）We made him what he is.
是使他现在 。
2．宾语补足语的注意
1）作补语的形容词应 宾语后，若前则变成了定语。
【例】 （1）We found the man honest.
此人很诚实。（宾补）
（2）We found the honest man.
了诚实的人。（定语）
2）在动词elect, choose, make之后用作补语的名词，若是表示“身份，职位”则不带冠词。
【例】 They elected Li Lei monitor last week.
上周选李雷当班长。
3）有些动词后通常跟“to be＋名词或形容词短语”作补语，但to be常省去。动词有：think, consider, believe, imagine, suppose, see, find, feel, etc.。
【例】 He thinks himself (to be) a clever man.
他 很聪明。
4）复合宾语可变为宾语从句。
【例】 We think her a nice woman.→ We think that she is a nice woman.
她是个 的人。
5）动词let, make, have及感官动词后用不带to的不定式作补语，若变为被动语态，应将to加上。
【例】 I saw tears come into her eyes.→ Tears were seen to come into her eyes.
我看到她眼里含着泪。
6）感官动词后跟不带to的不定式或现在分词作补语，其区别在于不定式强调事实或动作已，而现在分词则强调当时情景或动作正在。请。
【例】 （1）I like to hear her sing.
我喜欢听她唱歌。
I heard her singing last night.
昨晚我听到她在唱歌。
（2）I saw him cross the road and go into the hospital.
我看见他走过了马路，进了医院。
I saw him crossing the road when I looked out of the window.
当我向窗外看时，看见他在过马路。
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