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| Unit9 When was it invented?学案 | |||||
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Unit9 When was it invented?学案 一、学习 ：
  现在时、 时和含有情态动词的被动语态的用法。
二、语法介绍：
英语中动词的语态分成两种： 语态和被动语态。当句子的主语是动作的 者时，谓语的 叫语态；当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。
㈠含义：动词的被动语态译成“被…”，  汉语表达习惯，有时“被”也可以不译出。
㈡构成：被动语态的构成为:be+动词分词（+by+动作的发出者）。 助动词be有人称、数和时态的 。
现在时:am/is/are+done(分词)
时：was/were+done(分词)
含有情态动词的：情态动词+be+done(分词)
㈢方法：
1、将语态句中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语，语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中介词by的宾语。
2、将语态句中谓语动词变成:助动词be+该动词的分词，但时态不 。
3、助动词be要与新的主语 单、复数 ；若主语和宾语是人称代词时，“格”应作 的。
口诀：宾变主，主变宾，谓变be done时不变，数格  变。
The workers make machines in this factory.
Machines are made by the workers in this factory. 注意：不及物动词  被动语态。
㈣例句：
1.Many people speak English in 语态的句子变为被动语态时，常把那个指人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语；也可把那个指物的直接宾语用作主语，但此时在间接宾语前加上介词to或for。如：
He gave me a book.
→I was given a book by him.
→A book was given to me by him.
口诀：如遇双宾语，变间宾。若把直宾变，to,for间宾连。
⑵感官动词和使役动词在句中其后的动词不定式不带to，但变被动句时加上to。如：
The boss made her work for 16 hours a day.
→She was made to work for 16 hours a day.
口诀：感/使动词真叫怪，to来to去记心怀，语态to离去，被动语态to回来。
三、对应练习：
㈠选择填空
1. The children ____ by the nurse.A. were looked B. looked after C. were looked after D. looked 2.The lab ____ about five years ago. A. was builded B. was built C. builds D. has been built 3.The glass ______ . It _____ by little Tom this morning. A. broke, is broken B. is broken, was broken C. was broken, broke D. has been broken, broken 4.I ______the way to the railway station by a policeman. A. was shown B. showed C. have shown D. was showing When water______ , it will be changed into vapour. A. is heated B. heating C. has heated D. heats 5.We can't enter the room because its door______ . A. locked B. locks C. is locked D. is locking 6.They ______day and night. A. are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are making to work A. filled B. fill C. full D. fulled 8.This English song _____ often _____ by the children. A. is, singing B. is, sung C. will, sing D. was, sung 9.The windows of our house _____once a week. A. must clean B. have cleaned C. is cleaned D. are cleaned 10.When ______ the People's Republic of China_____ ? A. was, found B. was, founded C. did, found D. does, found 11. Mary's radio ______ by my brother just now. A. will be mended B. has mended C. was mended D. mended 12. Your exercise books _____ after class. A. will hand in B. must hand in C. handed in D. must be handed in 13.The sun _____ at night as usual. A. can be seen B. can't see C. can't be seen D. doesn't see 14.Rice ___ also _____ in their hometown. A. is…grown B. is…grew C. was…grew D. was…grown 15.He ____ by the teachers. A. is always praised B. praises C. have been praised D. always is praised ㈡把下列句子变成被动语态 1. You can find a lot of differences between the two languages. 2. Do you water your flowers every day? 3. The wind blew down the big tree last night. 4.Nobody knew me in this town at that time. 5.We planted many trees in our school last week. 6.Do people grow cotton in --下载< |
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